Manuel d'utilisation / d'entretien du produit ST3450802FC du fabricant Seagate
Aller à la page of 90
Product Manual Cheet ah NS 10K.2 FC 100516227 Re v . B Ju ly 2009 ST3600002FC ST3450802FC ST3300602FC.
Copyright © 2009 Seagate T echnology LLC. All right s reserved. Printed in U.S.A. Publication number: 1005 16227, Rev . B, July 2009 Seagate, Seagate T echnology an d the W ave logo ar e registered tradem arks of Seagate T echnology LLC in the United S tates and/or other coun tries.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B i Content s 1.0 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2.0 Standards, com pliance and referenc e documents .
ii Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 6.4.2 Relati ve humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 6.4.3 Effec tive altitude ( sea level) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B iii 9.5.12 Device c ontrol code s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 9.6 Signal cha racteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iv Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 1 1.0 Scope This manual describes Seagate T echnology ® LLC, Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC (Fibre Channel) disk drives. Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC drives su pport the Fibr e Channe l Arbitrated Loop and SCSI Fibre Channel Protocol specifications to the extent described in this manual.
2 Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product M anual, Rev. B.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 3 2.0 S t andards, compliance and reference documents The drive has been developed as a syst em peripheral to the highest standa rds of design and construction.
4 Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product M anual, Rev. B 2.2 Compliance 2.2.1 Elec tromagnetic compliance Seagate uses an in dependent laborator y to confirm comp liance with the directives/st andards for CE Marking and C-T ick Marking. The drive was tested in a represen tative system for typical applications.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 5 2.3 Reference document s SCSI Commands Referen ce Manual Seagate p art number: 100293068 Fibre Channel Interface Manual Seagate p art number: 100293070 ANSI Fibre Ch annel Docum ents X3.230-1994 FC Physical and Signaling Inte rface (FC-PH) X3.
6 Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product M anual, Rev. B.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 7 3.0 General description Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC drives p rovide high per formance, high capacity d ata storag e for a variety of systems including engineering workst ations, network servers, mainframes, and supercomp uters.
8 Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product M anual, Rev. B 3.1 St andard features Cheetah NS FC d rives hav e the following standard featur es: • Perpendicu lar recordin g technology • 4-Gbit Fibre Channel int.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 9 3.3 Performance • Programmabl e multi-segment able cache buf fer • 800 Mbytes/sec maximum insta ntaneous d ata tra nsfers per po rt • 10k RPM spin dle.
10 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 3.6 Programmable drive cap acity Using the Mode Select command, the d rive can change its cap acity t o something less than maximum. See the Mode Select Parameter List t able in the SCSI Commands Referenc e Manual .
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 11 4.0 Performance characteristics This section provides deta iled information concerning performance-related char acte ristics and features o f Cheetah NS 10K.
12 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 4.2.2 Format command exe cution time (m inutes) ST3600002FC ST3450802FC ST330 0602FC Maximum (with v er ify) 182 12 9 83 Maximum (without ve rify) 101 6.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 13 4.4 Prefetch/multi-segmented cache control The drive provides a prefetch (read look-ahe ad) and mu lti-seg mented cache control algo rithms that in many cases can enhance system performance. Cache refers to the drive buf fer storage space when it is used i n cache operations.
14 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 4.5.1 Caching write dat a Write caching is a wr ite operat ion by the dr ive that make s use of a driv e buffer storage ar ea where the data to be written to the med ium is stored while the drive performs the W rite command.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 15 5.0 Reliability specifications The following reliability specifications assume correct host and drive operational interfac e, including all inter- face timings, power supply volt ages, environment al requirements and drive mounting const raints.
16 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 5.1.3 Seek errors A seek error is defined as a failure of the drive to posi tion the heads to the addr essed track. After detecting an initial seek error , the drive automatically performs an er ror recovery process.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 17 The Pass-through st ate is disabled while the drive performs self test of the FC interface. The control line for an external port bypass circuit remains in the Enable Bypass state while self test is running.
18 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B Reporting contro l Reporting is controlled by the MRIE bit s in the Informat ional Exceptions Control mode page (1Ch). Subject to the reporting method, the firmware will issue to the host an 01-5Dxx sense code.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 19 be used to set this trip point. The default value for this drive is 6 8°C, however , you can set it to any value in the range of 0 to 6 8°C. If you specify a temperature greater than 68°C in this field , the tempera ture is rounded down to 68°C.
20 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B A Drive Not Ready condition is reported by the drive under th e following conditions: • Motor will not spin • Motor will not lock to speed • Servo.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 21 The drive will report the failu re condition and LBA (if app licable) in the Self-test Re sults Log p arameter . The Sense key , ASC, ASCQ, and FRU are used to report the failure conditio n. 5.2.6.2. 5 Abort There are several ways to abort a diagnostic.
22 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 23 6.0 Physical/electrical specifications This section provides information relating to the physical and electrical char acteristics of the drive. 6.1 AC power requirement s None. 6.2 DC power requirement s The volt age and current requireme nts for a single drive ar e shown below .
24 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B T able 3: DC power requirements for ST3450802FC model 1 Gbit 2 Gbit 4 Gbit Notes (Amps) (Amps) (Amps) (Amps) (Amps) (Amps) V olta ge +5V +12V [4] +5V +12V [4] +5V +12V [4] Regulation [5] ±5% ±5% [2] ±5% ±5 % [2] ±5% ±5% [2] A vg idle current DCX [] [7] 0.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 25 Measured with av erage reading DC ammeter . In stantaneous +12V current peaks will exceed these values. Power supply at nominal volt age.
26 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 6.2.1 Conducted noise immunity Noise is specified as a period ic and random distrib uti on of frequencie s covering a band from DC to 10 MHz. Maximum allowed noise values give n below are peak-t o-peak mea surement s and apply at the drive power connector .
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 27 Figure 2. T ypi cal ST3450802FC drive, 4 Gbit, +5V and +12V current profile s.
28 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B Figure 3. T ypi cal ST3300602FC drive, 4 Gbit, +5V and + 12V current profil es.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 29 6.3 Power dissip ation ST3600002FC T ypical power dissipa tion under idle conditions in 4 Gbit op eration is 6.55 watts (22.3 3 BTUs per hour). T o obtain o perating power for typical random read o peratio ns, refer to the following I/O rate curve (see Figure 4).
30 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B ST3450802FC T ypical power dissip ation under idle conditions in 4 Gb it operation is 5.92 watts (20 .21 BTUs per hour). T o obtain o perating power for typical random read o peratio ns, ref er to the f ollowing I/O rate curve (see Figur e 4).
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 31 ST3300602FC T ypical power dissipa tion under idle conditions in 4 Gbit op eration is 5.50 watts (18.7 6 BTUs per hour). T o obtain o perating power for typical random read o peratio ns, refer to the following I/O rate curve (see Figure 4).
32 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 6.4 Environment al limits T emperature and hum idity values exper ienced by the d riv e must be such that condens ation does not occur on any drive part. Altitude and atmospheric p ressure specif icat ions are referenced to a st andard day at 58.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 33 6.4.3 Effective altitude (sea level) a. Operating –1,000 to +10,000 feet (–30 5 to +3,048 mete rs) b. Non-operatin g –1,000 to +40,000 feet (–305 to +1 2,192 meters) 6.4.4 Shock and vibration Shock and vibration limits specified in this document are mea sured directly on the drive chassis.
34 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B d. Packaged Disk drives shipped as loose load (not p alletized) general freight will be packaged to withs tand drops from heights as define d in the table below . For additional det ails refer to Seagate specificatio ns 30190-001 (under 100 lbs/45 kg) or 30191-00 1 (over 100 lbs/45 Kg) .
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 35 6.4.4.2 Vibration a. Operating—normal The drive as inst alled for norm al operation, shall comply with the complete sp ecified performance while subjected to continuous vi bration not exceeding 10 - 300 Hz 1 G RMS (0 to peak) 301 - 500 Hz 0.
36 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B should never be expose d to condensing wa ter on the surf ace of the printed circuit board assembly ( PCBA) or exposed to an ambient r elative humidity greater than 95 %.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 37 6.5 Mechanical specifications Refer to Figure 9 for det ailed physical dim ens ions. See Section 8.4, “Dr ive mounting. ” Figure 9. Mounting configuratio n dimensions Height (max): 1.013 in 25.73 mm Width (max): 3.
38 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 39 7.0 Defect and erro r management Seagate continues to use innova tive technologies to manage defect s and errors. The se technologies are designed to increase dat a integrity , perform drive self-maintenance, and va lidat e proper drive opera tion.
40 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B The drive firmware er ror recovery algorithms con sists of 1 1 levels for read recoveries and five levels for write. Each level may consist of multiple st eps, where a step is defined as a re cove ry function involving a single re- read or re-write atte mpt.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 41 7.3 FC-AL system errors Information on the reporting of ope rational errors or faults across the inter face is given in the Fibre Channel Interface Manual . The FCP Response returns information to the host about nume rous kinds of errors or faults.
42 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 7.6 Deferred Auto-Reallocation Deferred Auto -Reallocat ion (D AR) simplifies reallocation algorithms at the system level by allowing the drive to reallocate unreadable locations on a subsequent writ e command.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 43 8.0 Inst allation Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC disk drive inst allation is a plug -and- play process. Th ere ar e no jumpe rs, switches, or terminators o n the drive. Simply plug th e drive into the host’s 40-pin F ibre Channe l backpanel connect or (FC- SCA) — no cables are required.
44 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B If forced air is necessary , possible air-flow patte rns are shown in Figur e 10. The ai r-flow pa tterns are created by fans either forcing or drawing air as shown in th e illustrations.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 45 8.5 Grounding Signal ground (PCBA) and HDA ground are conne cted together in th e drive and cannot be sep arated by the user . The equipment in which the drive is mounte d is connected directly to the HD A and PCBA with no electri- cally isolating shock mounts.
46 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 47 9.0 Interface requirements This section partially describes the interface requirement s as implemented on Ch eetah NS 10K.2 FC drives. Additional information is provided in th e Fibre Channel Interface Man ual (pa rt number 10029307 0).
48 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 9.1.2 Fibre Channel t ask management functions T able 7 lists the Fibre Channel SCSI Fibr e Channel Pr otocol (FC SCSI FCP) t a sk management functions sup- ported.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 49 9.1.4 Fibre Channel port login T able 9 identifies th e required content of the N_Port Login (PLO GI) payload from an initiator .
50 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 9.1.5 Fibre Channel port login accept T able 10 identifies the N_Port Login access p ayload values. 9.1.6 Fibre Channel Process Login T able 1 1 lists the process login payloa d data. XX Indicates fields that are not used.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 51 9.1.7 Fibre Channel Process Login Acce pt T able 12 lists Cheet ah NS 10K.2 FC process login acce pt payload dat a. 9.1.8 Fibre Channel fabric login T able 13 lists the fabric log in payload from the drive.
52 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 9.1.9 Fibre Channel fabric accept login T able 14 lists the require d content of the Fab ric Login Accept (ACC) payload from the fabric.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 53 9.1.10 Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loo p options T able 15 lists the FC-AL op tions supported by Cheet ah NS 10K.2 FC drives. 9.2 Dual port support Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC drives have two independent FC -AL port s.
54 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 9.3 SCSI commands supported T able 16 list s the SCSI commands supported by Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC drives.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 55 Y V er ify error recovery page (07h) Y Cachin g parameters page (08h) Y Control mode page (0Ah) Y Fib re Channel Interface Control page (19h) Y Po wer con.
56 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 32h N Search data low 33h N Set limi ts 34h N Prefetch 35h Y Synchronize cache 36h N Lock-unloc k-cache 37h Y Read defect data 39h N Compare 3Ah N Copy .
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 57 [1] C heetah NS 10 K.2 FC drives can format to 512, 520, 524 or 528 bytes per logica l block. [2] Wa r n i n g . Power loss during flash prog ramming can result in firmware co rruption. This usually makes the drive inoperable.
58 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 9.3.1 Inquir y data T able 17 lists the Inquiry command d ata th at the drive shou ld return to the initiator per the format give n in the Fibre Channel In terface Manual . * Cop yright year (changes wi th actual year).
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 59 On standard OEM drives, the saved va lues are taken from the default values list a nd stored into the save d values storage location on the media prior to shipping. 3. Current value s Current values are volatile values being used by the drive to control it s operation.
60 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B T able 18: Mode Sense data saved, default and changeable values f or ST3600002FC drives MODE DATA HEADER 00 00 05 12 8B 00 70 02 MODE SENSE PAGES DATA D.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 61 T able 19: Mode Sense data default and changeable values for ST3450802FC drives MODE DATA HEADER 00 00 05 12 8B 00 70 02 MODE PAGES DEF 80 06 00 80 0F 00 .
62 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B T able 20: Mode Sense data default and changeable values for ST3300602FC drives MODE DATA HEADER 00 00 05 12 8B 00 50 02 MODE PAGES DEF 80 06 00 80 0F 0.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 63 9.4 Miscellaneous operating features and conditions T able 21 lists various features and cond itions. A “Y” in t he support column indicates t he feature or condition is supported. An “N” in the support column indicates the feat ure or condition is not supported.
64 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 9.5 FC-AL physical interface Figure 1 1 shows the locat ion of the J1 Fibre Channe l single connection attachment (FC-SCA). Figure 13 pro- vides the dimens ions of the FC-SCA connector . Details of the physical, electrical, an d logical char acteristics are provided wi thin this section.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 65 9.5.2 Connector requirement s The FC-AL SCA device connector is illustra ted in Figure 13. Figure 13. FC-AL SCA devi ce connector dimen sions 9.
66 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B T a ble 23: FC -SCA pin descripti ons Pin Signal name Signal type Pin Signal name Signal ty pe 1* -EN bypass port A Low V oltage TTL o utput 21 12 V olts charge 2* 12 V olts 22 Ground 3* 12 V olts 23 Ground 4* 12 V olts 24* +Port A_in FC Diff.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 67 9.5.6 Powe r Power is supplied through the FC-SCA with support for +5 volt s and +12 volt s. All of the volt age pins in the drive connector are the same length. Four 12 volt pins provide +12 volt power to the drive.
68 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 9.5.8 Active LED Out The Active LED Out signal is driven by the drive as indicated in T able 24. The Active LED Out signal is designed to pull down th e cathode of a n LED. The anode is att ached to the proper +5 volt supply through an app ropriate current lim iting resistor .
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 69 9.5.1 1 SEL_6 through SEL_ 0 ID lines The SEL_6 thro ugh SEL_0 ID l ines determine drive address , and, optionally , for a n Enclosure Serv ices Inter- face. When the Parallel ESI lin e is high, the e nclosure backp anel must pro vide address info rmation on the SEL line.
70 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B T a ble 26: Arbitr ated loop physic al address (AL_P A) values AL_P A (hex) SEL ID (hex) Setting (dec) AL_P A (hex) SEL ID (hex) Setting (dec) AL_P A (h.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 71 9.5.12 Device co ntrol code s The drive input s a Device Control Code on the DEV_CT RL_CODE li nes at power up to dete rmine the link rate on the Fibre Chan nel port s.
72 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B 9.6.2 LED driver sig nals Fault and Active LED signals are located in the FC-SCA connecto r (J1). See T able 29 for the outp ut character- istics of the LED drive signals. 9.6.3 FC Differen tial output The serial ou tput signal volt age char acter istics are provided in T able 30.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 73 Figure 16 p rovides the d ata valid eye diagra m for typical a nd minimu m requireme nts to recover data at th e specified inte rface erro r rate.
74 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 75 10.0 Seagate T echnolo gy support services Internet For information regardin g Seagate product s and services, visit www .sea gate.com . Worldwide support is available 24 hours daily by email fo r your questions.
76 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B Customer Service Operations W arranty Service Seagate of fers worldwide customer support for Seagate product s. Seagate d istributor s, OEMs and ot her dire ct customers should contact their Seagate Customer Serv ice Operations (CSO) re presentative for wa rranty- related issues.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 77 Index Numerics 12 volt pins 67 3rd party reserve command 57 5 volt pins 67 A Abort Sequence (ABTS) 47 abort task set f unction 48 AC coupling 66 AC power .
78 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B D DAR 42 data block s ize modifing the 9 data heads read/write 11 data rate internal 11 data tran sfer rate 12 data valid eye 73 Date code page command .
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 79 corruption 57 Firmware download option command 56 Firmware numbers page comma nd 54 flawed sector reallocation 8 FLOGI received on Po rt A 51 received on .
80 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B Parameter ro unding 63 Queue tagging 63 Reporting actual retry co unt 63 Segmented caching 63 SMP = 1 in Mode Select command 63 Synchronized (locked) sp.
Cheetah NS 10K.2 FC Product Manual, Rev. B 81 Prefetch co mmand 56 prefetch/mu lti-segment ed cache co ntrol 13 preventive maintenance 15 private loop FC-AL options 53 Proc Assc 49 Process Accept (ACC.
82 Cheetah N S 10K.2 FC Product Ma nual, Rev. B single-unit shipping p ack kit 10 SMART 9 , 17 SMP = 1 in Mode Select command 63 SO 49 , 52 spindle brake 8 Stacked connection req.
.
Seagate T echnology LLC 920 Disc Drive, Scotts V alley , California 95066-4544 , USA Publication Number: 1005162 27, Rev . B, Printed in USA.
Un point important après l'achat de l'appareil (ou même avant l'achat) est de lire le manuel d'utilisation. Nous devons le faire pour quelques raisons simples:
Si vous n'avez pas encore acheté Seagate ST3450802FC c'est un bon moment pour vous familiariser avec les données de base sur le produit. Consulter d'abord les pages initiales du manuel d'utilisation, que vous trouverez ci-dessus. Vous devriez y trouver les données techniques les plus importants du Seagate ST3450802FC - de cette manière, vous pouvez vérifier si l'équipement répond à vos besoins. Explorant les pages suivantes du manuel d'utilisation Seagate ST3450802FC, vous apprendrez toutes les caractéristiques du produit et des informations sur son fonctionnement. Les informations sur le Seagate ST3450802FC va certainement vous aider à prendre une décision concernant l'achat.
Dans une situation où vous avez déjà le Seagate ST3450802FC, mais vous avez pas encore lu le manuel d'utilisation, vous devez le faire pour les raisons décrites ci-dessus,. Vous saurez alors si vous avez correctement utilisé les fonctions disponibles, et si vous avez commis des erreurs qui peuvent réduire la durée de vie du Seagate ST3450802FC.
Cependant, l'un des rôles les plus importants pour l'utilisateur joués par les manuels d'utilisateur est d'aider à résoudre les problèmes concernant le Seagate ST3450802FC. Presque toujours, vous y trouverez Troubleshooting, soit les pannes et les défaillances les plus fréquentes de l'apparei Seagate ST3450802FC ainsi que les instructions sur la façon de les résoudre. Même si vous ne parvenez pas à résoudre le problème, le manuel d‘utilisation va vous montrer le chemin d'une nouvelle procédure – le contact avec le centre de service à la clientèle ou le service le plus proche.
