Manuel d'utilisation / d'entretien du produit GPSMAP 195 du fabricant Garmin
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GPSMAP 1 9 5 Pilot’ s Guide & Refer ence gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 1.
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INTRODUC TION 1 FOREWORD This manual is written for Software V ersion 3.00 or above, and is not suitable for earlier software versions. Land Data Base Map V ersion 1.
INTRODUC TION 2 CAUTION The GPS system is operated by the United States government, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment.
INTRODUC TION 3 LIMITED W ARRANTY GARMIN Corporation warrants this product to be free fr om defects in materials and workmanship for one year from the date of pur chase. GARMIN will, at its sole option, repair or replace any components which fail in normal use.
INTRODUC TION 4 CAP ABILITIES Designed for detailed electronic charting and simple operation, the GARMIN GPSMAP 195 is a powerful navigation device that can help guide you during flights anywhere in t.
INTRODUC TION 5 P ACKING LIST Before you get started, please check to see that your GPSMAP 195 package includes the following items. If any parts are missing, contact your GARMIN dealer immediately .
INTRODUC TION 6 PREF ACE Congratulations on choosing one of the most advanced aircraft navigation systems available today! The GARMIN GPSMAP 195 combines the proven performance of GARMIN’ s twelve parallel channel GPS receiver with detailed cartography for an unsur- passed moving map display wherever you fly .
Forward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Caution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Limited W arranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EXTERNAL ANTENNA CONNECTOR T AKEOFF T OUR The information dis- played on your GPSMAP 195’ s screen is also r eferr ed to as a “page”. A page can include graphics, text or both. Graphics displayed on a page include detailed map information, icons and a cursor .
T AKEOFF T OUR The GPSMAP 195’ s advanced keypad system is designed to allow for fast, convenient selection of navigation options and data entry . The T akeoff T our will intr oduce you to the keypad keys and pr ovide a “hands on” lesson in using the GPSMAP 195.
T AKEOFF T OUR Menus ar e availabe to r econfigure many GPSMAP 195 scr eens and change sys- tem settings. The menu key is also used to display options for a given function key . The ∑ ∑ key options menu is used to cr eate, edit, delete and r ename user way- points.
T AKEOFF T OUR The r ocker keypad is used to enter an airport identifier . T o start, high- light the data entry field and pr ess † † . Enter the airport identifi- er using the R R keypad, UP/DOWN arr ows to change characters or RIGHT arr ow to move to the next character , then pr ess † † when finished.
T AKEOFF T OUR The 24 GPS satellites ar e constantly moving, orbiting the earth twice a day . In or der to calculate your posi- tion, the GPS r eceiver needs to continuously “see” at least thr ee satellites.
T AKEOFF T OUR The aviator’ s warning indicates the effective date of the Jeppesen database. This warning is also a r eminder that electronic charts should always be double-checked for accura- cy against your curr ent paper charts. The initialization win- dow offers several options to speed the pr ocess of obtain- ing your first position fix.
T AKEOFF T OUR Hollow signal str ength bars will appear on the sta- tus page while the r eceiver collects satellite data. Once the data is collected and the satellite is r eady to use, the signal str ength bar changes to solid. When the GPSMAP 195 is turned on a welcome scr een appears briefly while the r eceiver conducts an internal self test.
T AKEOFF T OUR The scr een contrast may be adjusted from the status page by pr essing the left/right arr ows on the R R KEYP AD. Pr ess † † to confirm changes. Whenever the scr een backlighting is on, a bulb icon will appear on the status bar at the bottom of every GPSMAP 195 page.
T AKEOFF T OUR The signal str ength bars indicate how str ong the sig- nal is fr om each satellite being r eceived. T aller bars indicate str onger signals. During normal use the GPSMAP 195 will auto- matically sequence to the map page once enough satellites ar e received to compute a position fix.
T AKEOFF T OUR T o place the GPSMAP 195 in simulator mode, pr ess ø ø fr om the satel- lite status page and select ‘Start Simulator?’. T o start the simulator , confirm the simulator warning by pr essing † † .
The map page can also be configur ed to display additional data fields and a graphic course deviation indicator (CDI) or gr ound track compass. The next main page is the map page . T o continue the T akeoff T our , let’ s select this screen now . T o select the map page: 1.
T o select an on-scr een airport, navaid or way- point; simply move the cursor over the desir ed waypoint. The name and position, along with the bearing and distance to that point, fr om pr esent position, will appear .
NEAREST W A YPOINTS P AGE T o display the nine near- est airports, pr ess the ˜ ˜ key . If the near est list shows navaids, airspaces, etc.; pr ess ˜ ˜ again to r etur n to the near est airport list. By pr essing the © © key , followed by † † , the high- lighted airport instantly becomes your destination waypoint.
Pr essing © © displays the GOTO window , fr om which you may select any airport or navaid in the Jeppesen database, or any user waypoint you’ve enter ed in memory . The GOTO options page lets you start a T racBack™ r oute or activate a stor ed r oute to navigate.
The next screen following the map page is the HSI (Horizontal Situation Indicator) page . T o select the HSI page: 1. Press the J key (repeatedly, if necessary , until it appears). The HSI page is your primary navigation screen and graphically depicts desired track, gr ound track, crosstrack err or (course deviation) and a TO/FROM indication.
The scale setting for the CDI is shown on the status bar . Use the A A key to change the scale. The data fields may be configur ed to display any of fourteen differ ent values.
The last of the five main pages is the active route page . The active route page shows the GOTO waypoint or each waypoint of a r oute, with waypoint name, cumulative distance and ET A from your present position. The current destination waypoint is marked with an arr ow on the left-hand side of the page.
A list of any airspace alerts is available fr om the near est airspace page, which also shows the type of warning and time to entry (if applicable). The airspace definition page pr ovides even mor e detail r egarding an airspace alert. Consult this page to find the floor and ceiling limits, controlling agency and fr equency .
The main menu page is used to select the setup, r oute, track and E6B fea- tur es of the GPSMAP 195. T o display the main menu page, pr ess ø ø twice.
REFERENCE The GPSMAP 195 is available in thr ee database versions: Americas covers North, Central and South America. Atlantic Inter- national covers Europe, Africa, Middle East and northern Asia. Pacific Inter national covers Asia, Australia, Middle East and Eastern Europe.
REFERENCE W aypoints ar e selected by their identifier (or name). If mor e than one waypoint uses the same identifier , the duplicate waypoint page will be dis- played, allowing you to choose the corr ect waypoint Besides using waypoint identifiers; airports, VORs and NDBs may be selected by facility name or city .
The GPSMAP 195 features four airport pages: • Airport location — allows entry of desired airport by identifier , facility name or city; displays latitude, longitude, elevation; and fuel availability . • Airport communication — allows entry of desired airport by identifier and displays radio frequencies/usage.
30 Use the R R keypad to scr oll through the list of fr e- quencies. As you pr ogr ess thr ough the list, the scroll bar on the right margin shows which portion of the list is curr ently being dis- played. The airport location page shows the facility name, city , position coor dinates, field elevation and avail- able fuels for the selected airport.
31 Data for each runway is available fr om the runway designation field. Highlight this field and pr ess † † to display a list of available runways. Some fr equencies have usage r estrictions, as denot- ed by the ‘?’ at the end of the fr equency type.
REFERENCE Use the A A key to zoom in or out to the desir ed level of detail. Select the runway ar ea map and pan ar ound the map display using the R R keypad. 32 AIRPOR T INFORMA TION (cont.) The runway page also allows you to zoom in, zoom out and pan the screen to see the level of detail you desire.
REFERENCE T o view additional appr oaches highlight the appr oach designation field and pr ess † † . Select the appr oach ar ea map and pan ar ound the map display using the R R keypad. 33 AIRPOR T INFORMA TION (cont.) T o view additional approaches: 1.
REFERENCE The VOR waypoint page pr ovides complete informa- tion about the selected VOR, including facility name, city , fr equency and designation for a co-located DME or T ACAN. The NDB waypoint page pr ovides complete informa- tion about the selected NDB, including facility name, city and fr equency .
The GPS 195’ s intersection waypoint page allows entry of a desired intersection by identifier , and displays position and nearest VOR data for a selected intersection. T o view waypoint information for an intersection: 1. Select the INT category from the waypoint category field (pg.
REFERENCE The waypoint options menu allows you to cr eate new waypoints by enter- ing their coor dinates or by r eferencing another posi- tion. The first step to cr eating a waypoint is to give it a name, up to six characters long. 36 USER W A YPOINT INFORMA TION (cont.
REFERENCE The waypoint list shows the name and icon for each waypoint stor ed in memory , plus the total number of waypoints stor ed (‘used’). ‘Edit Wpt on Map’ allows you to view the ar ea ar ound the waypoint or update its position with the cursor .
REFERENCE Enter the new waypoint name in the ‘Rename W aypoint’ window . AutoStor e allows you to mark your curr ent posi- tion as a user waypoint. Y ou can give this waypoint any name you choose. 38 W A YPOINT OPTIONS MENU (cont.) • Rename W aypoint? — allows you to specify a new name for the selected waypoint.
T o add the waypoint to a route: 1. Press the T key . 2. Select the desired route with the R keypad and press T . 3. Press the T key to confirm the route number . T o save the AutoStore waypoint: 1. Highlight the ‘done’ field and press T . The AutoStore feature may be used to cr eate waypoints at locations other than your present position.
T o delete a symbol waypoint: 1. Highlight the desired symbol waypoint on the map page, using the R keypad, and press T . 2. Press O to display an options window. 3. Use the R keypad to highlight “Delete Waypoint?” and press T . 4. A confirmation window will appear .
REFERENCE Near est airspace infor ma- tion is available using ˜ ˜ once an airspace alert has been pr ovided. T o quickly r eturn to the near est airport infor ma- tion, simply pr ess ˜ ˜ again. Fr om any near est way- point page, pr ess O O to select a differ ent nearest waypoint category .
REFERENCE The near est waypoint page can also show the near est VORs, NDBs, intersections or user way- points... ...and the near est FSS and AR TCC communication fr equencies (up to five each). 42 NEAREST W A YPOINTS (cont.) Y ou can easily set a GOTO course directly to a nearest waypoint.
REFERENCE The map page depicts air- space boundaries. Place the cursor inside the air- space boundary (in this case a Class B sector) and pr ess † † to display the airspace information page. The airspace information page pr ovides additional airspace information (such as contr olling agency , floor , and ceiling limits).
REFERENCE When using the GOTO featur e, enter the destina- tion identifier , facility , or city using the R R keypad. T o cancel the curr ent GOTO, select ‘CANCEL GOTO?’ fr om the GOTO window . 44 USING THE GOTO KEY The GPSMAP 195 provides thr ee ways to navigate to a destination: GOTO, T racBack and route navigation .
REFERENCE Y ou may quickly select a pr eviously stored r oute using the GOTO options page. ‘Select Appr oach?’ allows you to r eplace the GOTO destination airport with the final course waypoints of a published appr oach. This option is also used to select a differ ent approach to the same airport.
REFERENCE When the satellite signals ar e first received , the sig- nal str ength bars are hol- low , indicating the data fr om these satellites is still being pr ocessed. Once the data is pr ocessed, the signal str ength bars are filled in. At this point, the GPSMAP 195 can use the satellites to determine its position.
REFERENCE ‘Sear ching the Sky’ means no almanac data is stor ed in the GPSMAP 195. Almanac data tells your unit wher e to find the satellites. The r eceiver will ‘sear ch’ for satellites and r ecollect the data.
REFERENCE When the r eceiver has been moved over 500 miles fr om the last known position, it can be r eini- tialized fr om the map or by entering coor dinates. This helps the GPSMAP 195 look for the corr ect satellites. For planning, learning, or just plain fun, the simula- tor mode can be easily accessed fr om the status page options.
REFERENCE T o r eset the trip (TRP) odometer , select ‘Reset T rip Distance?’ fr om the position page options. Other position coor dinate formats, such as the degr ee/ minute/second format shown, ar e r eadily available fr om the main menu (described on page 70).
REFERENCE T o change a user -selec- table data field, select ‘Change Data Fields?’ and highlight the desir ed field. (The ‘TRK’ field is high- lighted in this example.
REFERENCE A full scr een map, with- out the data fields, is avail- able fr om the map page options. The compass may be r eplaced with a graphic CDI, to pr ovide course guidance on the map page. Y ou can also add additional data fields to the display (six in this example).
REFERENCE Use the R R keypad to display the cursor and pan away fr om your pr esent position (denoted by the airplane icon). The position of the cursor , plus bearing and distance to cursor posi- tion, appear above the map display .
REFERENCE By highlighting a way- point on the map display , and pr essing © © you won’ t have to enter the identifier for the waypoint. If no waypoint is high- lighted at the cursor posi- tion, you can still go to the position. The GPSMAP 195 automatically cr eates a waypoint named ‘MAP- WPT’.
REFERENCE Zoom in to see mor e detail for a smaller ar ea. Notice the ‘ovr zm’ warning in the lower right corner . Extra caution should be used when exceeding the r esolution of the map data. Select ‘Restor e Defaults?’ to instantly r eset the map options to the factory default settings.
REFERENCE Select fr om 2, 4, 6, or 8 data fields plus compass or CDI. As you add mor e data fields the ar ea covered by the map display becomes smaller . Fr om the ‘Change Data Fields?’ option, a list of available data options is displayed. 55 MAP P AGE OPTIONS (cont.
REFERENCE Select the ‘North Up’ option to keep the top of the map display fixed on North. ‘T rack Up’ will cause the map to r otate so the top of the map is the dir ection you ar e heading. The scale list allows you to define the maximum scale at which the featur e will appear .
REFERENCE Airports, navaids and airspaces may appear on the map display or be disabled based upon the maximum scale. The font size for airports can also be changed or disabled entir ely , which allows you to display the airport/navaid icons with- out the text identifier .
REFERENCE Geographic detail may also be enabled/disabled by defining the maximum scale at which each featur e will appear . When using the ‘Measur e BRG/DST?’ option the cur- sor is r eplaced with an arr ow and an ‘ENT REF’ (enter r eference) pr ompt.
REFERENCE This example shows the air craft heading parallel to the desir ed course, to the right mor e than 0.5 nm. This example shows the air craft even further off course beyond the limits of the CDI scale. The D-bar will stay at the edge of the scale until your cr oss-track err or is less than the limits of the scale.
REFERENCE 60 HSI P AGE OPTIONS The HSI options page allows you to define the user -selectable data fields, set OBS or track bug headings, or capture a VNA V profile. T o display the HSI page options: 1. Press O (with the HSI page displayed). T o select a menu option: 1.
REFERENCE 61 HSI P AGE OPTIONS (cont.) T o change the data dis- played select ‘Change Data Fields?’ and highlight the field you wish to change. In this example, ‘VST’ is highlighted... ...Pr ess † † to display a list of available data options for that field.
REFERENCE A user -defined comment up to 16 characters long, may be assigned to any stor ed route. Select ‘Deactivate?’ to stop navigating the curr ent- ly selected r oute. T o switch to another route, simply activate the new route. Y ou do not need to deactivate the old r oute first.
REFERENCE ‘Select Appr oach?’ allows you to r eplace a destination airport with those way- points which comprise the final course segment of an appr oach for the airport. T o r emove the approach waypoints and r eplace them with the airport r eference waypoint, select ‘Remove Appr oach?’.
REFERENCE Select the desir ed menu item by highlighting it with the R R keypad and then pr ess † † . A submenu for the select- ed item will appear with additional options to choose fr om. 64 MAIN MENU P AGE The GPSMAP 195’ s main menu page provides access to various system, navigation, planning, interface management and setup menus.
REFERENCE The simulator submenu allows you to enable/disable simulator mode, define a starting position/altitude, and define an initial ground track and speed. Fr om a submenu, addi- tional pull-down lists ar e available, such as these runway surface categories, by highlighting the desir ed item and pr essing † † .
REFERENCE The ‘Auto T rack’ setting allows the simulator to automatically “line up” on the corr ect bearing to a des- tination waypoint. ‘User T rack’ allows you to set the gr ound track to any dir ec- tion. Alarms ar e provided for various airspace categories, arrival, CDI and an alarm clock.
REFERENCE The arrival alarm ‘Auto’ setting, pr ovides an ‘Arrival at _____’ message one minute befor e reaching the destination waypoint. The course deviation alarm provides an aler t when you drift off course beyond the limits you have set. 67 ALARMS SETTINGS (cont.
REFERENCE Y ou may enable/disable the airspace alerts by the individual airspace cate- gories shown. The altitude buffer pr o- vides an added margin of safety beyond the floor and ceiling limits of the given airspace. 68 AIRSP ACE ALARMS (cont.) Airspace alerts may be enabled/disabled by airspace type.
REFERENCE The ‘User Mag V ar’ option allows you to define the magnetic variation for your ar ea. ‘Auto Mag V ar’ is the pr eferred setting in most cases.
REFERENCE Bar ometric pr essur e fig- ur es may be entered/dis- played in inches of mer cury or millibars. The CDI Scale may be set on the HSI page using the A A key or fr om the Units/CDI submenu. 70 UNITS/CDI SETTINGS (cont.) • Altitude Units — may be presented in feet or meters.
REFERENCE The GPSMAP 195 pr o- vides 11 differ ent position formats to display your location. All grid formats, except UTM/UPS and Maidenhead, cover only a specific r egion. Over 100 differ ent datum r eferences ar e pro- vided to allow the GPS posi- tion to corr espond to vari- ous paper charts.
REFERENCE The minimum runway length setting is used to exclude airports whose run- ways ar e too short for you to land or take off fr om. These airports will not appear on the near est air- port list. The beeper field allows you to turn off the keypad beeper or shut off the mes- sage tone.
REFERENCE Y ou can adjust the dis- play contrast fr om the sta- tus page (see page 15) or fr om the beeper/display/ battery submenu. Enter the offset amount to adjust the time display to your local ar ea. In the United States, all offset amounts will be ‘Behind UTC’.
REFERENCE The ‘Data T ransfer’ option allows the GPSMAP 195 to exchange track log, waypoint, almanac, and r oute data with a personal computer or another GPSMAP 195. When transferring data to/fr om another GPSMAP 195, select the type of data and whether to ‘r equest’ it fr om or ‘send’ it to the other unit.
REFERENCE ‘Cr eate New Route?’ allows you to cr eate a new r oute by entering the identifier for each r oute waypoint. Route waypoints ar e selected using the R R key- pad and † † . 75 ROUTES The second item on the main menu, ‘Routes’, provides another means of navigation over the direct GOTO.
REFERENCE Use the R R keypad to enter the identifiers for air- ports, navaids or waypoints and add them to the route. If you make an err or while cr eating a new route, use the pop-up menu to r emove, insert, change or r eview a waypoint. 76 ROUTES (cont.
REFERENCE Each r oute may be given a 16-character comment fr om the r oute list page. The default r oute comment is the starting and ending waypoints of the r oute. T o edit a route graphical- ly select ‘Edit on Map?’ fr om the r oute options page, place the cursor on the waypoint you wish to edit and pr ess † † to display the pop-up menu.
REFERENCE New waypoints can be added to an existing route by using a “rubber band”. Point to the r oute leg you wish to add to and pr ess † † .
REFERENCE The ‘copy r oute?’ option allows you to copy the selected r oute to another location befor e making changes. ‘Select Appr oach?’ allows you to r eplace the destina- tion airport with the way- points that comprise the final course segment of an appr oach for the airport.
REFERENCE The ‘W rap’ option allows the GPSMAP 195 to contin- ue storing track log data after memory is full. The oldest track log data is con- tinuously overwritten with new data in an infinite loop. T o utilize the T racBack featur e, you should clear the track log befor e leaving the departur e airport.
REFERENCE T o start T racBack navi- gation, highlight the ‘Start T racBack?’ option and pr ess † † . The ‘Start T racBack? selection is also available fr om the GOTO options page. T o stop the T racBack function befor e a route is cr eated, press the œ œ key while the pr ogr ess window is displayed.
REFERENCE The T racBack function will cr eate a series of tem- porary waypoints along your track log back to the oldest track log point in memory . The general purpose timer field offers a count up and count down timer .
REFERENCE T o stop the count up or count down timers, select the ‘off’ option and pr ess the † † key . The ‘Moving’ option will only count the elapsed trip time when your gr ound speed exceeds one knot. 83 TIMERS (cont.) The count up timer measures time from the point at which it was started.
REFERENCE The vertical navigation submenu allows you to define a target altitude and guide you on a descent to it. The default settings ar e intended to guide you to pattern altitudes. A VNA V indicator (hori- zontal bar) will guide you as you descend to the target altitude.
REFERENCE Within one minute of the initial descent point, an ‘Appr oaching VNA V Profile’ message will appear . Once you ar e within 500 feet of the target altitude, the ‘Appr oaching T arget’ message will appear , and the VNA V indicator will be r emoved from the HSI display .
REFERENCE Density altitude may be calculated by entering val- ues for indicated altitude, calibrated airspeed, baro- metric pr essur e and total air temperatur e. When calculating density altitude and winds aloft, be sur e to enter the requir ed values fr om the appropriate air craft instrument.
REFERENCE Y ou may use your present position as the starting or ending waypoint for trip and fuel planning by leav- ing the corr esponding field blank. Once you have enter ed the desir ed waypoints, speed and other data, the planning values will be dis- played at the bottom of the trip and fuel planning page.
REFERENCE T o perform trip and fuel planning for cumulative totals for a selected r oute, choose the ‘ALL ’ option fr om the leg field. T o calculate trip and fuel values for a particular r oute leg, select the desir ed route leg fr om the leg field.
REFERENCE The sunrise/sunset plan- ner will calculate the sun- rise and sunset times for your pr esent position or any stor ed waypoint. 89 TRIP & FUEL PLANNING T o use the sunrise/sunset planner: 1. Highlight the ‘T rip & Fuel Planning’ option from the main menu page and press T .
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Universal Y oke Mount The GPSMAP 195 includes an adjustable yoke mount that may be attached to the control yoke of an air craft for easy access without blocking the view of the instrument panel. The clamp that comes with the standard yoke mount is configured to fit the contr ol yoke of more than 90% of gen- eral aviation aircraft.
T o attach the yoke mount to the control yoke: 1. Loosen the lower knob. 2. Slide the clamp over the control yoke shaft just behind the control wheel. 3.
APPENDIX A 93 ACCESSORIES & INST ALLA TION (cont.) Remote GPS Antenna The GARMIN GA 27 remote GPS antenna can be used to enhance satellite reception. Simply plug the “MCX” male connector on the end of the GA 27 cable into the socket located on the side of the GPSMAP 195.
APPENDIX A 94 ACCESSORIES & INST ALLA TION (cont.) Powering Y our GPSMAP 195 Y our unit uses 6 AA batteries that provide up to 10 hours of battery life. The GPSMAP 195 may also be hard-wir ed to 5-40 volt DC power using the cigarette lighter adapter or power/data cable.
Mapping datacards ar e available for use with your GPSMAP 195 system to provide additional geographic detail in selected ar eas—including Canada and Alaska. GARMIN data-cards ar e inserted in the car d slot located on the right side of the unit, and may be installed or removed at any time, whether the unit is on or off.
Once a datacard has been inserted, the map coverage and detail will conform to the following conditions: • When the selected zoom range is covered by both the internal base map and a datacard, map detail will be displayed using the data with the best resolution.
APPENDIX B 97 WIRING & INTERF ACE DC Wiring The GPSMAP 195 may be hard-wir ed to an aircraft’ s 6-40v DC system using an optional power/data cable. Consult the wiring dia- gram below for proper connections. The connector end of the cable attaches to the back of the unit using either the long brass thumb screws supplied or standar d M3 x .
APPENDIX B 98 WIRING & INTERF ACE (cont.) Interfacing The following formats are supported for connection to up to three NMEA devices: • NMEA 0183 version 2.
APPENDIX C 99 SPECIFICA TIONS GPSMAP 195 Specifications PHYSICAL Case: Fully gasketed, nitrogen-filled Size: 7.6”H x 2.9”W x 2.1”D (19.3 x 7.4 x 5.3 cm) W eight: 1.4 lbs. (635g) T emperature Range: 5º to 158ºF (-15º to 70ºC) PERFORMANCE Receiver: Differ ential-ready , 12 parallel channel Acquisition T ime: Approx.
APPENDIX D 100 MESSAGES Airspace Ahead Less Than 10 min— Y our project- ed course and current altitude will place you within an airspace within 10 minutes, based on your current track over ground. Airspace Near and Ahead— Y our present position is within 2 nm of an airspace based upon your current course and altitude.
APPENDIX D 101 MESSAGES (cont.) RAM has Failed— The GPSMAP 195 has detected a failure in its internal memory . If the message persists, the GPSMAP 195 is unusable and should be taken to an authorized GARMIN service center . Received an Invalid W aypoint— A waypoint was received during upload transfer that has an invalid identifier .
AL T - Altitude APP- Approach APR- Approach APT - Airport W aypoint AR V - Arrival A TF- Aerodrome T raffic Frequency A TS- Automatic T erminal Information Service (A TIS) A VGS- A viation Gas AZM- Az.
APPENDIX E 103 ABBREVIA TIONS (cont.) OTH- Other ºC- Degrees Celsius ºF- Degrees Fahrenheit PC- Pilot Controlled POSN- Position PRES- Barometric Pressur e (Altimeter Setting) PROX- Proximity PRX- Pr.
APPENDIX F 104 GLOSSARY OF NA VIGA TION TERMS Bearing (BRG) —The compass direction from your position to a destination waypoint. Course Made Good (CMG) —The bearing from the ‘active from’ waypoint (your starting point when using GOTO) to your present position.
APPENDIX F 105 GLOSSARY OF NA VIGA TION TERMS (cont.) WPT 1 STR L NORTH NORTH WPT 2 BRG TRK GS D IS AIRPLANE DTK The diagram below illustrates some of the basic navigation terms used with the GPSMAP 195.
APPENDIX G 106 MAP DA TUMS Adindan Adindan- Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal, Sudan Afgooye Afgooye- Somalia AIN EL ABD ‘70 AIN EL ANBD 1970- Bahrain Island, Saudi Arabia Anna 1 Ast ‘65 Anna 1 Astro ‘65- Cocos Isl.
APPENDIX G 107 MAP DA TUMS (cont.) NAD27 Alaska North American 1927- Alaska NAD27 Bahamas North American 1927- Bahamas (excluding San Salvador Island) NAD27 Canada North American 1927- Canada and Newfoundland NAD27 Canal Zone North Am. 1927- Canal Zone NAD27 Caribbn North American 1927- Caribbean (Barbados, Caicos Islands, Cuba, Dom.
APPENDIX H 108 INDEX A Abbreviations 102-103 Active Route 62 Active Route Page 24,62-63 Acquiring Satellites 12 Airport Information 29-33 Airport Pages 29-31 Approach Page 32-33 Comm Page 30-31 Locati.
APPENDIX H 109 INDEX (cont.) Installation (cont.) 91-95 W iring 97 Y oke Mount 91-92 Interface Formats 74 Intersection Information 35 I/O Page 74 Interval, T rack Storage 80 K Keypad Usage 9 L Local T.
APPENDIX H 110 INDEX (cont.) Simulator Settings 66 Simulator Speed and T rack 22,66 Specifications 99 Status Bar 8,18 Status Page 14-16,46-48 SUA Alarms 24 SUA Messages 24 Sunrise/Sunset Calculation 8.
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® © 1996-1999 GARMIN Corporation GARMIN International, Inc., 1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, KS 66062 USA GARMIN (Europe) L TD., Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park Industrial Estate, Romsey SO51 9AQ UK GARMIN (Asia) Corp., 3F , No. 1, Lane 45, Pao-Hsing Road, Hsin Tien, T aipei, T aiwan, R.
Un point important après l'achat de l'appareil (ou même avant l'achat) est de lire le manuel d'utilisation. Nous devons le faire pour quelques raisons simples:
Si vous n'avez pas encore acheté Garmin GPSMAP 195 c'est un bon moment pour vous familiariser avec les données de base sur le produit. Consulter d'abord les pages initiales du manuel d'utilisation, que vous trouverez ci-dessus. Vous devriez y trouver les données techniques les plus importants du Garmin GPSMAP 195 - de cette manière, vous pouvez vérifier si l'équipement répond à vos besoins. Explorant les pages suivantes du manuel d'utilisation Garmin GPSMAP 195, vous apprendrez toutes les caractéristiques du produit et des informations sur son fonctionnement. Les informations sur le Garmin GPSMAP 195 va certainement vous aider à prendre une décision concernant l'achat.
Dans une situation où vous avez déjà le Garmin GPSMAP 195, mais vous avez pas encore lu le manuel d'utilisation, vous devez le faire pour les raisons décrites ci-dessus,. Vous saurez alors si vous avez correctement utilisé les fonctions disponibles, et si vous avez commis des erreurs qui peuvent réduire la durée de vie du Garmin GPSMAP 195.
Cependant, l'un des rôles les plus importants pour l'utilisateur joués par les manuels d'utilisateur est d'aider à résoudre les problèmes concernant le Garmin GPSMAP 195. Presque toujours, vous y trouverez Troubleshooting, soit les pannes et les défaillances les plus fréquentes de l'apparei Garmin GPSMAP 195 ainsi que les instructions sur la façon de les résoudre. Même si vous ne parvenez pas à résoudre le problème, le manuel d‘utilisation va vous montrer le chemin d'une nouvelle procédure – le contact avec le centre de service à la clientèle ou le service le plus proche.
