Manuel d'utilisation / d'entretien du produit LR5100A-T du fabricant Black Box
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Series 5000 Bridge/Router User and System Administration Guide LR5100A-T, LR5200A-R2 5500147-10 equivalent to 5500071-11 © Copyright 2002 by Black Box Corporation.
Speed — Ethernet: Series 5100: 10 Mbps, Series 5200 10/100 Mbps. WAN: V.35, V.11, V24, G.703: up to 2.048 Mbps aggregate, CSU/DSU (WAN): 56/64 Kbps; ISDN(WAN): 128 Kbps Protocol — IP & IPX Mul.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.
Using This Manual This Installation and Applications Guide provides the basic information required to initially set-up and configure the router. This guide is organized into the following sections: “ Installation ” provides instructions for installing the router.
Contents 1 INSTALLATION 1 Unpack the Router ................................................................................................. 1 Select a Site .............................................................................................
Contents Configure Remote Site Profile for Frame Relay ........................................................42 Configure Remote Site Profiles for Leased Line PPP ..............................................45 Configure Remote Site Profiles for Frame Relay with ISDN backup .
Contents APPENDIX D INTERFACE PINOUTS 79 Pinout Information .........................................................................................................79 Link Clocking Information .........................................................
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1 1 Installation This product is a flexible Ethernet Bridge/Router that may be configured to service Local Area Networks and Wide Area Network connections over leased lines, ISDN circuits, and frame relay permanent virtual circuits.
Applications 2 Identify the Reset Switch The small hole under the front right corner of the faceplate is used in case a hardware reset is required. The end of a paper clip is sufficient to toggle the small switch behind the hole.
Applications 3 Identify the Connectors The router is configured with a 10/100BaseT LAN and either one or two optional interface modules. The optional modules may be a second LAN (10 BaseT), a second LAN plus one WAN module, a single WAN module or two WAN modules.
Applications 4 Make the Link Connection(s) By default the links are configured as permanent DTE interfaces. The clocking for each link will be provided by the DCE device connected to each link. The V.35 link modules require interface converters that convert from a DB25 connector to a male 34-pin (V.
Applications 5 Power Up the Bridge/Router Once the LAN and Link connections are made and the console is connected to a terminal, you are ready to power-up the router. Connect the AC power cord to the back of the router and plug the cord into the AC wall outlet.
Applications 6 Conventions Throughout this section, router menu options are shown that are required for the various configuration choices. The appropriate menu options are shown in each instance in th.
Applications 7 Login to Bridge/Router and Enter the Required Configuration At the login screen type a 1 and the default password to enter the menu system of the Router. The default password is “BRIDGE” (case sensitive) and should be changed if security is desired.
Applications 8 Setting the T1/E1Parameters (T1/E1 WAN only) The parameters required for a T1 or E1 connection may be obtained from your service provider.
Applications 9 E1 service does not require line build out selection. Set Link Interface Type: Location: Main Ä Configuration Ä WAN Set Up Ä Link Set Up Ä T1/E1 Set Up Ä LBO as specifed T1 long-haul LBOs: L0db, L7.
Applications 10 Mandatory Configuration The router requires a minimum amount of mandatory configuration in order to operate. The following table identifies the configuration parameters that must be defined for proper operation under the operational states shown in the table.
Applications 11 Identify the Status LEDs The four three colour Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) on the front of the router are depicted in Figure 1-1. The meanings of these LEDs are found in the following chart.
Applications 12 * * * *.
13 2 Typical Applications & How to Configure Them The router are flexible Ethernet Bridge/Routers. This section will describe how to set-up the routers using each of its networking functions.
Applications 14 Bridging and Routing Should You Bridge or Route? When connecting two networks together, the first question to ask is “should I bridge or route”? The decision to bridge or to route may be decided by how the existing networks have been already set-up.
Applications 15 Bridging An Ethernet bridge intelligently forwards Ethernet data packet traffic between connected networks. The traffic may be across the Wide Area Network (illustrated below) or, in the case of the router, may be between two LANs connected to the same unit.
Applications 16 IP Routing An Ethernet IP router is used to intelligently route Internet Protocol (IP) traffic to another network. The networks may be connected across a WAN link (illustrated below) or two LANs connected to the same dual LAN router.
Applications 17 IP Addressing Devices on an IP network are located by their IP addresses, which is a 32 bit number divided into four 8 bit fields. The IP address identifies both the network and the host device (also known as a node) on that network.
Applications 18 Masks The portion of the IP address to use as the network address is specified by using a mask; a mask is the contiguous number of bits to be used for the network address all set to 1. When the mask is logically ANDed with an IP address, the result is the network address.
Applications 19 The router allows mask sizes from 8 to 32 bits. The subnet mask size determines how many bits of the host field of the original IP network address will be used for the creation of subnets. In this example, specifying a mask size of 26 will produce a subnet size of 2 bits.
Applications 20 IP Default Gateway An IP default gateway is an IP router that is resident on the local IP network that this router is connected to and is used to route IP frames for destination networks that do not exist in the routing table.
Applications 21 IPX Routing The router are pre-configured to operate as an IPX router. When installed in an IPX network, the router will learn the IPX network numbers from connected networks. It will then route the IPX frames to the appropriate destination IPX network.
Applications 22 to the IPX frames they receive from the network. Manual entries may be made in the routing tables by adding static IPX routes . Novell Servers in One Location Only Some Novell LAN inst.
Applications 23 The following steps must be performed on the router connected to LAN #2. IPX Routing Disabled Location: Main Ä Configuration Ä IPX Routing Set-up Ä IPX Routing Disabling IPX routing allows the IPX frame types to be modified.
Applications 24 IPX Forwarding Enabled Location: Main Ä Configuration Ä IPX Routing Set-up Ä IPX Forwarding IPX forwarding must be re-enabled to allow the router to forward IPX frames onto the WAN to the partner router IPX routers. The IPX Forwarding function enables or disables the forwarding of IPX traffic when IPX routing is enabled.
Applications 25 PPP Overview Point to Point Protocol (PPP) is a connection protocol that allows control over the set-up and monitoring of network communications. It is used in procedures for user authentication (name and password), connection management (spoofing, bandwidth on demand, multilink), and compression.
Applications 26 Unnumbered Links An unnumbered link does not use network addressing on the WAN link. The WAN connection is roughly equivalent to an internal connection with each of the two end point routers operating as half of a complete router that is connected between the two endpoint LANs.
Applications 27 Multilink Operation Multilink operation defines the use of more than one link to connect between two PPP routers. When a multilink connection is required, simply enable the Multilink Operation option of the remote site profile for that connection.
Applications 28 Basic WAN Configurations Basic ISDN Connections If this router are configured as an ISDN bridge/router, it may establish WAN connections to other bridge/routers via ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) connections. Before the router can establish an ISDN connection to another ISDN router, the ISDN information must be defined.
Applications 29 The following steps must be performed to configure the router: The default switch type for ISDN S/T interface modules is NET3, the default switch type for ISDN U interface modules is NI-1.
Applications 30 Once the ISDN switch type and directory numbers have been configured, the router must be reset for the new values to take effect and for the ISDN BRI interface to register with the central switch. Soft Reset Location: Main Ä Diagnostics Ä Soft Reset Once the router has restarted it is ready to establish ISDN connections.
Applications 31 PPP ISDN Manual Call Quick Connections The PPP router should be configured with a remote site profile entry for each router that will be called. A manual direct dial connection may be performed to establish an initial connection to a remote site router.
Applications 32 IPX Router Manual Call Connection To establish an IPX PPP direct dial connection, enter the ISDN phone number of the remote site PPP router in the manual dial option. Refer to the Configure as an Ethernet IPX Router section 2.3.1 for more information on IPX configuration required.
Applications 33 Basic Frame Relay Configuration North American routers with at least one non-ISDN interface are configured to have frame relay enabled for that interface by default. Routers shipped outside of North America with at least one non-ISDN interface will have frame relay disabled on that interface as a default setting.
Applications 34 Configuration: The default configuration for routers shipped outside North America is to have frame relay disabled. To run frame relay on these routers, it must first be enabled. Selecting the Frame Relay option will toggle the setting from disabled to enabled.
Applications 35 If during this learning process the maximum number of remote sites has been reached, the router will prompt you that there are no remote sites available. A new remote site cannot be auto-created unless one of the existing remote sites is manually deleted.
Applications 36 Quick Start Frame Relay Since the router auto-learns the frame relay configuration, only a couple of parameters need to be configured before the unit is fully operational as an IP router for frame relay.
Applications 37 Basic Leased Line Configuration The router establishes PPP (Point to Point Protocol) WAN connections to other PPP Leased Line routers or to other vendors PPP leased line routers via direct leased line connections. Either 1 or 2 links may be used to connect to other PPP routers.
Applications 38 The following steps must be performed on each of the routers in the network. Local IP Address Location: Main Ä Configuration Ä LAN Set-up Ä LAN IP Set-up Ä IP Address / mask size This is the IP address and subnet mask for the link of this router in the unnumbered IP connection.
Applications 39 Configure Remote Site Profiles Remote Site Profiles allow the router to have different sets of configuration parameters for each of the remote site routers that may be called or that may call this router. This allows complete control over the configuration of each possible connection.
Applications 40 Configure Remote Site Profiles for ISDN PPP If this router is configured to have at least one ISDN switched circuit, the ISDN call parameters must be defined so that the router knows what ISDN phone number to dial when a connection to this remote site is required and what security parameters to use when establishing a connection.
Applications 41 1 b) Defining this remote site profile within the IP Address connect table, which will cause a call to be made when a packet for this IP address is routed, Location: Main Ä Configurat.
Applications 42 Configure Remote Site Profile for Frame Relay Each of the PVC’s on the frame relay service must be configured within an individual remote site profile on the router. This is usually done automatically through the auto- learning process.
Applications 43 The DLCI number defined here is the Data Link Connection Identifier value provided by your frame relay service provider. This value must be set if auto-learning is disabled. Each Remote Site PVC must be defined to exist on one of the two physical WAN links available on this router.
Applications 44 EIR Location: Main Ä Configuration Ä WAN Set up Ä Remote Site Set-up Ä Edit Remote Site Ä Connection Set-up Ä EIR The EIR value specifies the indicated data rate that may be available for this PVC. This value must be set to the same as the value provided by the Frame Relay network provider.
Applications 45 Configure Remote Site Profiles for Leased Line PPP Remote Site Profiles allow the router to have different sets of configuration parameters for each of the possible remote site PPP routers that may be connected to this router. This allows greater control over the configuration of each possible PPP connection.
Applications 46 Now that the remote site profile is created, a link number must be assigned as the primary link number. The primary link number is the link interface that the router will use to attempt to establish a connection to the remote site PPP router.
Applications 47 Configure Remote Site Profiles for Frame Relay with ISDN backup Frame Relay operation is set-up as described in section 2.3.2 The PVC on both partner routers must be disabled during this set-up procedure, then re-enabled when ready to start.
Applications 48 Advanced Features Configure Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol The router uses Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to allow users in a small office environment to be added and removed from a network with all of the network information (i.
Applications 49 DNS Set-Up Location: Main Ä Configuration Ä Application Set-up Ä DHCP Set-up Ä DNS Set-up Ä Primary DNS -IP address local DNS server Ä Secondary DNS -IP address external DNS serv.
Applications 50 Network Address Translation and Port Translation The router provides support for Network Address Translation (NAT). Network Address Translation is a technique that translates private IP address on a private network to valid global IP addresses for access to the Internet.
Applications 51 Figure 2 -11 NAPT Configuration Internet Service Provider Private Network Addresses: Global IP Address: 199.87.65.43 NAPT mapping: 1.1.1.2 = 199.87.65.43 (25) 1.1.1.3 = 199.87.65.43 (23) 1.1.1.4 = 199.87.65.43 (80) e-mail server 1.1.1.
Applications 52 Security The router provides a number of means of providing security on incoming and outgoing traffic on a network. These methods include access password authentication, firewall limiting access to only designated device addresses, private network address translation (NAT) and filtering for both incoming and outgoing traffic.
Applications 53 Remote Site Security Parameters Entry Location: Main Ä Configuration Ä WAN Set up Ä Edit Remote Site Ä Security Parameters Ä Outgoing User Name Ä Incoming PAP Password Ä Outgoin.
Applications 54 Configure Firewall The router provides Firewall security for restricting access between any two networks connected through the router. Firewalls are set-up on a per connection basis for the LAN and remote sites.
Applications 55 First the firewall on the ISP connection (remote site 1) of the WAN is set-up. The firewall option is set to “inbound” to have this WAN firewall filter traffic from the ISP to the router while allowing unrestricted access out to the Internet.
Applications 56 Then an entry is placed in the firewall table to allow the devices in the branch office remote site to have unlimited TCP access to devices in the head office.
Applications 57 Network Address Translation Using private addresses on a network and NAT/NAPT for interactions over an internetwork connection hides the internal address from the rest of the world. Access is restricted to only those services that are specifically designated to be available.
Applications 58 Bandwidth On Demand The router may be set to activate its secondary link when the load on the primary link exceeds a user-defined threshold.
Introduction to Filtering 59 3 Introduction to Filtering This router provides programmable filtering which gives you the ability to control under what conditions Ethernet frames are forwarded from one network to another.
Introduction to Filtering 60 Pattern Filtering Pattern filtering is provided in three separate sections: Bridge Pattern Filters, IP Router Pattern Filters, and IPX Router Pattern Filters. When the router is operating as an IP/IPX Bridge/Router, each of the frames received is passed on to the appropriate internal section of the router.
Introduction to Filtering 61 Example: ~12-80 This filter pattern will match if the packet information starting at the 12th octet does not equal the 80 of the filter pattern. ( ) brackets Used in pattern filters to separate portions of filter patterns for specific operators.
Introduction to Filtering 62 Banyan Banyan (12-0BAD) (12-80C4) (12-80C5) IP Router IP router pattern filters are applied to IP Ethernet frames that are being routed. When the router is operating as an IP router, all IP routed frames will be checked against the defined IP router pattern filters.
63 Appendix A Menu Trees The menu trees on the following pages are a graphical representation of the hierarchy of the built-in menu system of the router. Each of the menus are shown with the options of the menus being displayed below the specific menu name.
1 Configuration 1. Terminal 2. Show 3. Add 4. Remove 1. Terminal Set-Up menu 2. Device Set-Up menu 3. Te lnet Set-Up menu 4. Load FLASH Set-Up menu 5. Console 6. Hardware Status 7. TFTP access Access Set-Up 1] 1] 1] 2] 2] 3] 4] 5] 1. Password 2. Device Name 3.
Continued from previous page 1. Destination 2. Status 3. Remote site 2. Next hop 3. Type 4. Cost 5. Private 6. Add/Remove 8. Status 7. Network mask 1. IP Routes menu 1. Edit Static Route 2. Default Gateway 3. Show all Routes 4. Show Static Routes 5. Clear Static Routes 1.
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67 Appendix B Octet Locations on Ethernet Frames This appendix provides octet locations for the various portions of three of the common Ethernet frames. When creating pattern filters these diagrams will assist in the correct definition of the patterns.
Octet Locations 68 Octet Locations on a Bridged Novell Netware Frame ETHERNET Type Codes Type Code Description 0800 DOD IP 0801 X.75 Internet 0804 Chaosnet 0805 X.
Configuration Pages 69 Octet Locations on an IP Routed TCP/IP Frame Octet Locations on an IPX Routed Novell Netware Frame.
Octet Locations 70 Octet Locations on a Bridged XNS Frame.
71 Appendix C Servicing Information Opening of the case and changing of modules is only to be performed by qualified service personnel. WARNING ! Always disconnect the power cord from the rear panel of the bridge/router. The bridge/router case does not need to be opened to change LAN or WAN interface modules.
Servicing Information 72 Identifying the Internal Components The major components of concern are shown in the following illustration. Link 2 Interface Module (ISDN BRI, DSU, G.703, RS232, V .35, RS422 or V .11) Primary LAN & Console Interface Module Link 1 LAN 2 or Module (ISDN BRI, DSU, G.
Servicing Information 73 To Clear a “Lost” Password 1) Remove power from the bridge/router. 2) Remove the screw securing the LAN / Console module to the rear of the bridge/router. Be sure to grip the module only by the flange at the bottom of the metal panel.
Servicing Information 74 Installing the ISDN Link Modules If there is an ISDN module plus another type of WAN interface module or if there is a single ISDN module, t he ISDN U or S/T Module must only be installed in the Slot 1 position. The slot 2 position may contain another type of WAN module or may be unused and covered with a blank panel.
Servicing Information 75 Changing the Termination Straps on the ISDN S/T Interface The ISDN S/T link interface module has two configurable straps that control whether the ISDN LINE is set to terminated or unterminated. Jumper straps W5 and W6 are factory installed to configure the module as TERMINATED.
Servicing Information 76 Performing a Software Upgrade 1) Execute the Network (TFTP) command from the Load FLASH Set-Up menu. 2) Enter “none” to connect locally or enter the remote site ID number or alias to connect to a remote site. 3) Start the TFTP application to be used for transfers to the router.
Servicing Information 77 In the following diagram of a cluster of routers, when upgrading the three routers in the diagram, the upgrade order should be Router C, then Router B, and finally Router A. A TFTP software load to router C would be performed as follows: - Using TFTP, get config.
Servicing Information 78 * * * *.
79 Appendix D Interface Pinouts Pinout Information Each link interface available is described with detailed information on pin designation. Standard interface cables will provide correct connections to modems, datasets, or DSU/CSUs.
Interface Pinouts 80 These modules may have either the UP/DOWN switch type or the ON/OFF slide switch type. Each type is illustrated below. CSU/DSU LINE 1 2 3 4 Switches up down Figure D-1 Rear View o.
Interface Pinouts 81 Console Pinouts The connector shown here and pinouts described here correspond to the connector labeled “Console” on the back of the unit.
Interface Pinouts 82 V.24 & RS232C Link Pinouts The connector shown here and pinouts described here correspond to the connector labeled “RS232 / V.
Interface Pinouts 83 V.11/X.21 Link Pinouts The connector shown here and pinouts described here correspond to the connector labeled “V.11/x.21” on the back of the unit.
Interface Pinouts 84 RS442 & RS530 Link Pinouts The connector shown here and pinouts described here correspond to the connector labeled “RS530” on the back of the unit.
Interface Pinouts 85 V.35 Link Pinouts The connector pinouts described here correspond to the connector labeled “V.35” on the back of the unit. 13 1 25 14 DB25 Contact Number M.
Interface Pinouts 86 RS232 Null-Modem Cable Configuration Figure D-9 RS232 Null-Modem Cable The connecting cable must be a shielded cable. This cable is needed when it is necessary to connect two units back-to-back and a set of modems is not available.
Interface Pinouts 87 V.35 Null-Modem Cable Configuration P r o t ec t i ve G ND T r a n s m i tt e d D a t a ( A ) T r a n s m i tt e d D a t a ( B ) R ece i ve d D a t a ( A ) R ece i ve d D a t a ( .
Interface Pinouts 88 RS530 Null-Modem Cable Configuration S h i e l d T r a n s m i tt e d D a t a ( A ) T r a n s m i tt e d D a t a ( B ) R ece i ve d D a t a ( A ) R ece i ve d D a t a ( B ) R e qu.
Interface Pinouts 89 RS530 To RS449 Conversion Cable T r a n s m i tt e d D a t a ( A ) D a t a T e r m i n a l R ea d y ( A ) T r a n s m i tt e d D a t a ( B ) D a t a T e r m i n a l R ea d y ( B ).
Interface Pinouts 90 V.11/X.21 Null-Modem Cable Configuration Figure D-13 V.11/X.21 Null-Modem Cable The connecting cable must be a shielded cable. Circuits which are paired (contain an (A) and (B) reference) should be connected to twisted pairs within the connecting cable.
Un point important après l'achat de l'appareil (ou même avant l'achat) est de lire le manuel d'utilisation. Nous devons le faire pour quelques raisons simples:
Si vous n'avez pas encore acheté Black Box LR5100A-T c'est un bon moment pour vous familiariser avec les données de base sur le produit. Consulter d'abord les pages initiales du manuel d'utilisation, que vous trouverez ci-dessus. Vous devriez y trouver les données techniques les plus importants du Black Box LR5100A-T - de cette manière, vous pouvez vérifier si l'équipement répond à vos besoins. Explorant les pages suivantes du manuel d'utilisation Black Box LR5100A-T, vous apprendrez toutes les caractéristiques du produit et des informations sur son fonctionnement. Les informations sur le Black Box LR5100A-T va certainement vous aider à prendre une décision concernant l'achat.
Dans une situation où vous avez déjà le Black Box LR5100A-T, mais vous avez pas encore lu le manuel d'utilisation, vous devez le faire pour les raisons décrites ci-dessus,. Vous saurez alors si vous avez correctement utilisé les fonctions disponibles, et si vous avez commis des erreurs qui peuvent réduire la durée de vie du Black Box LR5100A-T.
Cependant, l'un des rôles les plus importants pour l'utilisateur joués par les manuels d'utilisateur est d'aider à résoudre les problèmes concernant le Black Box LR5100A-T. Presque toujours, vous y trouverez Troubleshooting, soit les pannes et les défaillances les plus fréquentes de l'apparei Black Box LR5100A-T ainsi que les instructions sur la façon de les résoudre. Même si vous ne parvenez pas à résoudre le problème, le manuel d‘utilisation va vous montrer le chemin d'une nouvelle procédure – le contact avec le centre de service à la clientèle ou le service le plus proche.
