Manuel d'utilisation / d'entretien du produit MC.31XX du fabricant Spectrum Brands
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3 Introduction .................................... ..................................... ............................. ............. .... 6 Preface ......................................................................................................
4 Programming the Board ......................... .................................... .................................... . 36 Overview ....................................... .........................................................................
5 Option Multiple Recording .......................................................... .................................... . 77 Recording modes ........................................................................ .................................
6 MC.31xx Manual Preface Introduction Introduction Preface This manual provides detailed information on the hardware featur es of your Spectrum instrumentation boar d. This information inc ludes tech- nical data, specifications, block diagram and a connector description.
Introduction Different models of the MC.31xx series (c) Spectrum GmbH 7 Different models of the MC.31xx series The following overview shows the differen t available models of th e MC.31xx series. They differ in the number of mounted acquisi tion modules and the number of available channels.
8 MC.31xx Manual Different models of the MC.31xx series Introduction • MC.3112 • MC.3122 • MC.3132.
Introduction Additional options (c) Spectrum GmbH 9 Additional options Digital inputs This option allows the user to acquire a dditional digital chan nels synchronous and phase-stable along with the analog data. Therefore the analog data is filled up with the digital bits up to 16 Bit data width.
10 MC.31xx Manual Additional options Introduction Starhub The star hub module allows the synchronisat ion of up to 16 MC boards. It is possible to synchronise boards of the same type with each other as well as different types. The module acts as a star hub for clock an d trigger signals.
Introduction The Spectrum type plate (c) Spectrum GmbH 11 The Spectrum type plate The Spectrum type plate, which consists of the follo wing components, can be found on all of our boards. The board type, consisting of the two letters describing the bus (in this case MC for the CompactPCI bus) and the model number.
12 MC.31xx Manual Hardware information Introduction Hardware information Block diagram Technical Data Resolution 12 bit Dimension 160 x 233 mm (S tandard 6U) Differe ntial li nearity e rror ≤ 1 LSB (ADC) Width (Standa rd) 1 slot Integral linearity error ≤ 2.
Introduction Hardware information (c) Spectrum GmbH 13 Dynamic Parameters Dynamic parameter s are measured at ± 1 V input range (if n o othe r rang e is stated) and 50 Ohm te rmination with the samplerate s pecified in the table. Measured param eters are aver- aged 20 times to get typical values.
14 MC.31xx Manual System Requirements Hardware Installation Hardware Installation System Requirements All Spectrum MC.xxxx instrume ntat ion boards are compliant to the Co mpactPCI 6U standard and require in general one free slot. D epending on the installed options additional free slots can be necessary.
Hardware Installation Installing the board in the system (c) Spectrum GmbH 15 Installing a board wi th digital inputs/out puts The locks on the top and bottom side of both CompactPCI brackets need to be unlocked and opened before installing the board int o a free slot of the system.
16 MC.31xx Manual Installing the board in the system Hardware Installation Installing multiple boa rds synchronized b y starhub Hooking up the boards Before mounting several sy nchronized boards for a multi channel system into the chassis you have to hook up the boards wi th their synchronization cables first.
Hardware Installation Installing the board in the system (c) Spectrum GmbH 17 Installing multip le synchronized boards Hooking up the boards Before mounting several sync hronized boards for a multi channel system into the chass is you have to hook up the boards with their syncronization cables first.
18 MC.31xx Manual Interrupt Sharing Software Driver Installation Software Driver Installation Before using the board a driver must be installed that matches th e operating system. The installati on is done in different ways depending o n the used operating system.
Software Driver Installation Windows 98 (c) Spectrum GmbH 19 Windows 98 Installation When installing the board in a Win- dows 98 system the Spectrum board will be recognized automatically on the next start-up. The system offers the direct installa- tion of a driver for the board.
20 MC.31xx Manual Windows 98 Software Driver Installation After clicking the driver info button the detailed vers ion information of the driver is shown. In the case of a support question this information must be pr esented together with the board’s serial number to the support team to help finding a fast solution.
Software Driver Installation Windows 2000 (c) Spectrum GmbH 21 Windows 2000 Installation When installing the board in a Windows 2000 system the Spectrum board will be rec- ognized automatically on the next start-u p. The system offers the direct in- stallation of a driver for the board.
22 MC.31xx Manual Windows 2000 Software Driver Installation Driver - Update If a new driver version should be installe d no Spectrum board is allowed to be in us e by any software. So please stop and exit all software that could access the boards. A new driver version is direct- ly installed from the device manager.
Software Driver Installation Windows XP (c) Spectrum GmbH 23 Windows XP Installation When installing the board in a Windows XP system the Spectrum board will be rec- ognized automatically on the next start-up. The system offers the direct instal lation of a driver for the boa rd.
24 MC.31xx Manual Windows XP Software Driver Installation On the property page Windows XP shows the dat e and the version of the installed driver. After clicking the driver details button the detailed version inform ation of the driver is shown.
Software Driver Installation Windows NT (c) Spectrum GmbH 25 Windows NT Installation Under Windows NT the Spectr um dri ver mu st be i n- stalled manually. The driver is found on CD in the directory InstallWinNTDrv. Please start the „Setup.exe“ pro- gram.
26 MC.31xx Manual Linux Software Driver Installation Linux Overview The Spectrum boards are delivered with drivers for linux. It is necessary to install them manual ly following th e steps explaine d afterwards. The linux drivers can be found on CD in the directory /Driver/linu x .
Software Driver Installation Linux (c) Spectrum GmbH 27 Installing the device You connect a device to the driver with the mknod command. The ma jor number is the number of the driver as shown in the last st ep, the minor number is the index of the board starting with 0.
28 MC.31xx Manual Software Overview Software Software This chapter gives you an overview about the structure of the dr ivers and the software, where to find and how to use the exa mples.
Software C/C++ Driver Interface (c) Spectrum GmbH 29 C/C++ Driver Interface C/C++ is the main programming language for which the drivers have been build up. Theref ore the interface to C/C++ is the best m atch . All the small examples of the manual showing different parts of the hard ware programming are done with C.
30 MC.31xx Manual C/C++ Driver Interface Software Examples Examples can be found on CD in the path /Examples/linux. There is one subdirectory for each board family. You’ll find board spe cif ic ex- amples for that family there. The examples are bus type independent.
Software C/C++ Driver Interface (c) Spectrum GmbH 31 Using the Driver under Linux: Function SpcSetPa ram All hardware settings are based on software registers that can be set by the function SpcSetParam. This function sets a registe r to a defined value or executes a command.
32 MC.31xx Manual Delphi (Pascal) Programming Interface Software Function SpcGetData Under Linux the additional parameter nBytesPe rSample must be used for this function.
Software Delphi (Pascal) Programming Interface (c) Spectrum GmbH 33 The value „nr“ contains the index of the bo ard that you want to access, the value „reg “ is the register that has to be changed and the value „value“ is the new value that should be set to this software regi ster.
34 MC.31xx Manual Visual Basic Programming Interface Software Visual Basic Prog ramming Interfa ce The Spectrum boards can be used together with Microsoft Visual Ba sic as well as with Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications. T his allows per example the direct access of the hardwa re from within Microsoft Ex cel.
Software Visual Basic Programming Interface (c) Spectrum GmbH 35 Function SpcGetParam The function SpcGetParam reads out software registers or status information. The board must first be initialized. The available software re- gisters for the driver are listed in the board specific part of th e documentation below.
36 MC.31xx Manual Overview Programming the Board Programming the Board Overview The following chapters show you in detail how to program the different aspects of the board. For every topic there’s a small ex ample. For the examples we focussed on Visual C++.
Programming the Board Initialization (c) Spectrum GmbH 37 This means as a result that it is not nece ssary to check each driver call for an error but to check for an error before the boa rd is started to see whether all settings ha ve been vali d. By reading all the error information one can easily examine wher e the error occure d.
38 MC.31xx Manual Initialization Programming the Board Hardware versi on Since all of the MI, MC and MX boards from Spectrum are modular boards, they consis t of one base board and one or two (only PCI and CompactPCI) piggy-back modules. This register SPC_PCIVERSION gi ves information about the revision of either the base board and the mod- ules.
Programming the Board Initialization (c) Spectrum GmbH 39 The following example demonstrates how to read out the information about one feature. Used inter rupt line This register holds the information of the actual used interrup t line f or the board.
40 MC.31xx Manual Powerdown and reset Programming the Board Example program for the board initialization The following example is only an exerpt to give you an idea on how easy it is to initialize a Spectrum board. Powerdown and reset Every Spectrum board can be set to powerdown mode by software.
Analog Inputs Channe l Selection (c) Spectrum GmbH 41 Analog Inputs Channel Selection One key setting that influences all other possible settings is th e channel enable register. An unique feature of the Spectrum b oards is the possibility to program the number of channels you want to use.
42 MC.31xx Manual Channel rero uting Analog Inputs Channel rerouting If you only use one or half of the avail able channels per module enabl ed, you can route the input connectors to the acquisition channels differently. Normally connector channel 0 is routed to the acquis ition channel 0.
Analog Inputs Setting up the inputs (c) Spectrum GmbH 43 Setting up the inputs Input ranges This analog acquisition board uses separate input amplifiers and converters on each ch annel. This gives you the possibility to set up the de- sired and concerning your application best suiting input range also separately for each ch annel.
44 MC.31xx Manual Setting up the inputs Analog Inputs Input offset In most cases the external signals will not be symm etrically re- lated to ground. If you want to acquire such as ymmetrical sig- nals, it is possible to use the smallest input range that matches the biggest absolute signal am plitude without exceeding the range.
Analog Inputs Setting up the inputs (c) Spectrum GmbH 45 to the input range of ± 1.0 V. After that the four offset setting s are set exactely as the offset s to be compensated, but with the the opposite sign. The result is, that all four chann els match perfectely to the choosen input range.
46 MC.31xx Manual Setting up the inputs Analog Inputs of sets available for storing user of fset settings depends on th e type of board you use. The tabl e below shows all the EEPROM s ets, that are available for your board.
Standard acquisition modes General Information (c) Spectrum GmbH 47 Standard acquisition modes General Information The standard mode is the easiest and mostly used mode to acquire analog data with a Spectrum A/D board.
48 MC.31xx Manual Programming Standard acquisition modes Maximum posttrigger in MSamples The amount of memory that can be either set for the used memsiz e and postcounter values can only be set by ce rtain steps. These steps are results of the internal memory organization .
Standard acquisition modes Programming (c) Spectrum GmbH 49 Status registe r The following shortened excerpt of a sample program gives you an example of how to start the board in classic mode and how to p oll for the SPC_READY flag. It is assumed that all board setup has been done before.
50 MC.31xx Manual Programming Standard acquisition modes Data organization Normal mode This chapter shows the data organization fo r all acq uisitions that are done with the normal data width of 12 bit. The data orga nization for the fast 8 bit mode is described in the next passage.
Standard acquisition modes Programming (c) Spectrum GmbH 51 If the fast 8 bit mode is used the upper byte of the memory word is used to store one channel and the lower byte is used to sto re another channel.
52 MC.31xx Manual Programming Standard acquisition modes Example for SpcGetData, no memory al location error checking performed: If you use two channels for recording using only one memory channel or fo ur channels, the data in the memory channel(s) is mult iplexed and needs to be unsorted by the user.
FIFO Mode Overview (c) Spectrum GmbH 53 FIFO Mode Overview General Information The FIFO mode allows to record data continuously and trans- fer it online to the PC (acquisi tion boards) or allows to write data continuously from the PC to the board (generation boards).
54 MC.31xx Manual Programming FIFO Mode When using FIFO mode together with one of the options that allow to have gaps in the acquisiton like Multiple Recording or Gate d Sampling one can even run the board with higher sample rates.
FIFO Mode Programming (c) Spectrum GmbH 55 Analog acquisition or generation boards Digital I/O (701x or 702x ) or pattern generator boards (72xx) Digital I/O board 7005 only We at Spectrum achieved best results when programming the buffer leng th to a number of samples that can hold approximately 100 ms of data.
56 MC.31xx Manual Programming FIFO Mode FIFO mode In normal applications the FIFO mode will run in a loop and process one buffer after the other. There are a few special command s and reg- isters for the FIFO mode: The start command and the wait command both wa it for the signal from the driver that th e next buffer has to be processed.
FIFO Mode Programming (c) Spectrum GmbH 57 The following example shows how to sort the channel data when us ing 4 channels in FIFO mode: Sample for mat The sample format in FIFO mode does not differ from the one of the standard (non FIFO) mode. Please refer to the relating passa ge concerning the sample format in the st andard acquisition chapter.
58 MC.31xx Manual Overview Clock generation Clock generation Overview The Spectrum boards offer a wide variety of different clock mode s to match all the customers need s.
Clock generation Internally generated sample rate (c) Spectrum GmbH 59 Maximum internal sample rate in MS/s normal mode Using plain quartz without PLL In some cases it is useful for the application not to have the on-board PLL activated.
60 MC.31xx Manual External clocking Clock generation External clocking Direct external cl ock An external clock can be fed in on the ex ternal clock connector of the board.
Clock generation External clocking (c) Spectrum GmbH 61 How to read this table? If you have acti vated all eight channels and are using the bo ard in stan dard mode (not FIFO) and your e xternal clock is known to be around 15 MHz you have to set the EXRANGE_BURST_L for the external range.
62 MC.31xx Manual General Description Trigger modes and appendant registers Trigger modes and appendant registers General Description The trigger modes of the Spectrum MI, MC an d MX A/D boards are very complex and give yo u the possibility to detect nearly any t rigger event, you can think of.
Trigger modes and appendant registers External TTL trigger (c) Spectrum GmbH 63 If you choose an external trigger mode th e SPC_TRIGGEROUT register will be overwri tten and the trigger connector will be used as an input anyways. As the trigger connector is used as an input, y ou can decide wh ether the input is 50 Ohm terminated or not.
64 MC.31xx Manual External TTL trigger Trigger modes and appendant registers Positive and negative TTL trigger This mode is for detecting the ri sing and falling edges of an ex- ternal TTL signal. The board will trig ger on the first rising or falling edge that is detected after starting the board.
Trigger modes and appendant registers External TTL trigger (c) Spectrum GmbH 65 TTL pulsewidth trigger for long LOW pulses This mode is for detecting LOW pu lses of an external TTL signal that are longer than a programm ed pulsewidth. If the pulse is shorter than the programmed puls ewidth, no trigger will be de- tected.
66 MC.31xx Manual Channel Trigge r Trigger modes and appendant registers Channel Trigger Overview of the channel tri gger registers The channel trigger modes are the most common modes, compared to external eq uipment like osc ill oscopes. The 17 different channe l trigger modes enable you to observe nearly any part of the analog signal.
Trigger modes and appendant registers Channel Trigger (c) Spectrum GmbH 67 If you want to set up a four channel board to detect a triggereve nt on either a positive edge on channel1 or a negative edge on channel3 you would have to set up your board as the following example shows.
68 MC.31xx Manual Channel Trigge r Trigger modes and appendant registers The following example shows, how to set up a one channel board to trigger on channel0’s rising edge. It is asumed, that the input range of channel0 is set to the the ±200 mV range .
Trigger modes and appendant registers Channel Trigger (c) Spectrum GmbH 69 Detailed descripti on of the channel trigger modes Channel trigger on po sitive edge The analog input is continuous ly sampled with the selected sample rate.
70 MC.31xx Manual Channel Trigge r Trigger modes and appendant registers Channel pulsewidth trigger for long pos itive pulses The analog input is continuous ly sampled with the selected sample rate. If the programmed triggerlevel is crossed by the channel’s signal from lowe r to hi gher values (rising edge) the pulsewidth counter is started.
Trigger modes and appendant registers Channel Trigger (c) Spectrum GmbH 71 Channel pulsewidth trigger fo r short positive puls es The analog input is continuous ly sampled with the selected sample rate. If the programmed triggerlevel is crossed by the channel’s signal from lowe r to hi gher values (rising edge) the pulsewidth counter is started.
72 MC.31xx Manual Channel Trigge r Trigger modes and appendant registers Channel steepness trigger for flat positi ve pulses The analog input is continuous ly sampled with the selected sample rate. If the programmed lower level is crossed by the channel’s signal from lowe r to hi gher values (rising edge) the pulsewidth counter is started.
Trigger modes and appendant registers Channel Trigger (c) Spectrum GmbH 73 Channel steepness trigger for steep po sitive pulses The analog input is continuous ly sampled with the selected sample rate. If the programmed lower level is crossed by the channel’s signal from lowe r to hi gher values (rising edge) the pulsewidth counter is started.
74 MC.31xx Manual Channel Trigge r Trigger modes and appendant registers Channel window trigger for entering signals The analog input is continuous ly sampled with the selected sample rate. The upper and the lower level defin e a win- dow. Every time the signal enters the the window from the outside, a triggerevent will be detected.
Trigger modes and appendant registers Channel Trigger (c) Spectrum GmbH 75 Channel window trigger for long inner signals The analog input is continuous ly sampled with the selected sample rate. The upper and the lower levels defi ne a win- dow. Every time the signal enters the window from the out- side, the pulsewidth counter is startet.
76 MC.31xx Manual Channel Trigge r Trigger modes and appendant registers Channel window trigger for short inner signals The analog input is continuous ly sampled with the selected sample rate. The upper and the lower levels defi ne a win- dow. Every time the signal enters the window from the out- side, the pulsewidth counter is startet.
Option Multi ple Record ing Recording modes (c) Spectrum GmbH 77 Option Multiple Recording The option Multiple Recording allows the acquisition of data bloc ks with multiple trigger events without restarting the hardwa re. The on-board memory will be divided into several segments of the same size.
78 MC.31xx Manual Trigger mode s Option Multiple Recording Resulting start delays The following example shows how to set up the board for Multiple Recording in standard mode. The setup would be simila r in FIFO mode, but the memsize register would not be used.
Option Gated Sampling Recording modes (c) Spectrum GmbH 79 Option Gated Sampling The option Gated Sampling allows the data acquisition controlled by an e x t e r n a l g a t e s i g n al . D a t a w i l l o n l y b e r e c o r d e d , i f t h e programmed gate condition is true.
80 MC.31xx Manual Trigger mode s Option Gated Sampling the number of acquired samples will be less than the gate signal length. See table on the next page for further explanation. End of gate aligneme nt Due to the structure of the on-board memory there is an- other delay at the end of the gate interval.
Option Gated Sampling Trigger modes (c) Spectrum GmbH 81 Resulting start delays Number of samples on gate si gnal As described above there’s a delay at the star t of the gate interval due to the internal memory structure.
82 MC.31xx Manual Example program Option Gated Sampling Channel trigger Example program The following example shows how to set up the board for Gated Samp ling in standard mode. The setup would be similar in FIFO mod e, but the memsize register would not be used.
Option Timestamp General information (c) Spectrum GmbH 83 Option Timestamp General information The timestamp function is used to record trigger events relative to the beginn ing of the measurement, relative to a fixed time- zero point or synchronized to an external radio clock.
84 MC.31xx Manual Timestamp Status Option Timestamp RefClock mod e (optional) The counter is split in a HIGH and a LOW part and an additional seconds signal, that affects both parts of the counter (TTL pul se with f = 1 Hz) must be fed in externally.
Option Timestamp Reading out timestamp data (c) Spectrum GmbH 85 Using this function will not give you back a whole timest amp, as the timestamp values are wider than 32 bit.
86 MC.31xx Manual Example programs Option Timestamp Example programs Standard ac quisition m ode Acquisition with Multip le Recording // ----- Allocate memory for the timestam p data buffer ----- plTi.
Option Extra I/O Digital I/Os (c) Spectrum GmbH 87 Option Extra I/O Digital I/Os With this simple-to-use enhancement it is possible to control a wide range of external ins trume nts or other equipment. Therefor e you have several digital I/Os and the 4 analog outp uts available.
88 MC.31xx Manual Programming example Option Extra I/O Programming example The following example shows how to us e either the digital I/O#s and the analog outputs.
Option Digital inputs (c) Spectrum GmbH 89 Option Digital inputs This option allows the user to acquire additional digital chan nels synchronous and phasestabl e along with the analog data. Therefore the analog data is filled up with the digital bits up to 16 Bit data width.
90 MC.31xx Manual The different synchronization options Synchronization (Option) Synchronization (Option) This option allows the connection of multip le boards to generate a multi-channel syst em. It is possible to synchronize multiple Spectrum boards of the same type as well as different board types.
Synchronization (Option) The setup order for the different synchronization options (c) Spectrum GmbH 91 When the boards are synchronized by the option starhub there will be no delay between the connected boards.
92 MC.31xx Manual The setup order for the different synchr onization options Synchronization (Option) Example for data writing (4) Define the board(s) for trigger master At least one board must be set as the trigger master to get sync hronization running.
Synchronization (Option) The setup order for the different synchronization options (c) Spectrum GmbH 93 Even if a board is not using the synchr onization tri gger, it must have been set as a triggerslave before even if you exclude the board with the SPC_NOTRIGSYNC register.
94 MC.31xx Manual Setup synchronization for use with FIFO mode and equally clokked boards Synchronization (Option) (10) Start all of the trigger master boards After having armed the synchronized boar ds, you must start all of the boards, that are defined as trigger masters.
Synchronization (Option) Setup sy nchronization for use with FIFO mode and equally clokked boards (c) Spectrum GmbH 95 Example of FIFO buffer allocation: (2a) Write first data for output boards When using the synchronization FIFO mode wi th output boards this is the right position to fill the first software buffers with data.
96 MC.31xx Manual Setup synchronization for use with FIFO mode and equally clokked boards Synchronization (Option) for each board that runs sync hronuously in FIFO mode. If this is not do ne a deadlock will occur and the progr am will not start properly.
Synchronization (Option) Setup sy nchronization for use with FIFO mode and equally clokked boards (c) Spectrum GmbH 97 All clock rates of all synchronized boards are derived from the clock sign al that is distributed via the sync bus. T his clock i s the sum samplerate of one module of the clock master board.
98 MC.31xx Manual Setup synchronization for use with FIFO mode and equally clokked boards Synchronization (Option) Setting up the clock divider The clock divider can easily be set by the following register. Plea se keep in mind that the divider mu st be set for every synch ronized board to have synchronization working correctly.
Synchronization (Option) Setup sy nchronization for use with FIFO mode and equally clokked boards (c) Spectrum GmbH 99 Additions for equal boards with differ ent sample rates In addition to the possib.
100 MC.31xx Manual Error Codes Appendix Appendix Error Codes The following error codes could occur when a driver function has been called. Please check carefully the allow ed setup for the register and change the settings to run the program. error name value (hex) value (d ec.
Pin assignment of the multipin conne ctor (c) Spectrum GmbH 101 Pin assignment of the multipin connector The 40 lead multipin connector is used for different options, like “Extra I/O“ or the additional digital inputs (on analog acquis ition boards only) or additional digital outputs (on analog generation boards only).
102 MC.31xx Manual Pin assignment of the multipin cable Pin assignment of the multipin cable The 40 lead multipin cable is used for the additional digital inputs (on analog acquisition boards only) or additional digital outputs (on analog generation boards only) as we ll as for the digital I/O or pat- tern generator boards.
Un point important après l'achat de l'appareil (ou même avant l'achat) est de lire le manuel d'utilisation. Nous devons le faire pour quelques raisons simples:
Si vous n'avez pas encore acheté Spectrum Brands MC.31XX c'est un bon moment pour vous familiariser avec les données de base sur le produit. Consulter d'abord les pages initiales du manuel d'utilisation, que vous trouverez ci-dessus. Vous devriez y trouver les données techniques les plus importants du Spectrum Brands MC.31XX - de cette manière, vous pouvez vérifier si l'équipement répond à vos besoins. Explorant les pages suivantes du manuel d'utilisation Spectrum Brands MC.31XX, vous apprendrez toutes les caractéristiques du produit et des informations sur son fonctionnement. Les informations sur le Spectrum Brands MC.31XX va certainement vous aider à prendre une décision concernant l'achat.
Dans une situation où vous avez déjà le Spectrum Brands MC.31XX, mais vous avez pas encore lu le manuel d'utilisation, vous devez le faire pour les raisons décrites ci-dessus,. Vous saurez alors si vous avez correctement utilisé les fonctions disponibles, et si vous avez commis des erreurs qui peuvent réduire la durée de vie du Spectrum Brands MC.31XX.
Cependant, l'un des rôles les plus importants pour l'utilisateur joués par les manuels d'utilisateur est d'aider à résoudre les problèmes concernant le Spectrum Brands MC.31XX. Presque toujours, vous y trouverez Troubleshooting, soit les pannes et les défaillances les plus fréquentes de l'apparei Spectrum Brands MC.31XX ainsi que les instructions sur la façon de les résoudre. Même si vous ne parvenez pas à résoudre le problème, le manuel d‘utilisation va vous montrer le chemin d'une nouvelle procédure – le contact avec le centre de service à la clientèle ou le service le plus proche.
