Manuel d'utilisation / d'entretien du produit Studio 9 du fabricant Pinnacle
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Pinnacle S tudio 9 Including S tudio SE, S tudio QuickS tart, S tudio S tandar d and S tudio Plus Easy, MORE Powerful, MORE Creative Video Editing.
ii Pinnacle Studio 9 Special thanks to Mike Iampietro, William Chien, Richard Edgley, Ivan Maltz, Jon McGowan, Keith Thomson, Jörg Weselmann, and Chris Zamara. Documentation: Nick Sullivan Copyright © 1996-2004 Pinnacle Systems, Inc. and its licensors.
Table of contents iii Table of contents BEFORE YO U START .................................................. XI Equipment requ irements ......................................................................... xi Abbreviations and conventions.........
iv Pinnacle Studio 9 Digital capture .......................................................................................... 26 SmartCapture: Previe w-quality capture ................................................. 27 Full-quality capture........
Table of contents v CHAPTER 5: VI DEO CLIPS ........................................ 73 Video clip basics ....................................................................................... 74 Adding video clips to y our movie ....................
vi Pinnacle Studio 9 Fun effects ............................................................................................... 109 Lens flare ............................................................................................. 110 Noise ...
Table of contents vii CHAPTER 9: DI SC MENUS....................................... 161 Disc authoring in Studio ...................................................................... 163 Using menus f rom the Album....................................
viii Pinnacle Studio 9 Audio effec ts............................................................................................ 220 Noise reduction.................................................................................... 221 Equalizer ...
Table of contents ix APPENDIX C: TRO UBLESHOOT ING ....................... 285 Technical help on-line ............................................................................ 286 Studio crashe s in Edit mode .......................................
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Before you start xi Before you start Thank you for purchasing Pinnacle Studio. We hope you enjoy using the software. This manual covers all ve rsions of Studio, including Studio Plus. Differences between version s will be noted as applicable. Most of the time, the word “Studio” will be used generica lly to refer to all versions.
xii Pinnacle Studio 9 • Microsoft Windows 98 SE, W indows “Millennium”, Windows 2000 or Windows XP (recomm ended). The MicroMV digital video format is supported only under Windows XP.
Before you start xiii If disk space is a concern with your DV captures, use SmartCapture to capture your video at preview quality (see “SmartCapture: Preview-quality capture” o n page 27). This feature uses much less disk space. An entire tape can fit in as little as 360 MB.
xiv Pinnacle Studio 9 Abbreviations and conventions This guide uses the following conventions to help organize the material. Terminology Studio: “Studio” and “Studio Plus” refer to th e editing software. DV: The term “DV” refers to DV and Digital8 camcorders, VCRs and tapes.
Before you start xv Keyboard conventions Key names are spelled with an initial capital and are underlined. A plus sign denotes a key combination. For example: Press Ctrl+A to select all the clips o n the Timeline.
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Chapter 1: Using Studio 1 CHAPTER 1: Using Studio Creating movies with Studio is a three-step process: 1. Capture: Import source video material – your “raw footage” – to your PC hard drive. Possible sources include analog videotape (8 mm, VHS etc.
2 Pinnacle Studio 9 Setting the mode Select which step of th e movie-making process you want to work on by clicking one of the three mode buttons at the top left of the Studio window: When you switch modes, the Studio screen changes to display the controls n eeded for the new mode.
Chapter 1: Using Studio 3.
4 Pinnacle Studio 9 Setting options Most options in Studio ar e set using two tabbed dialog boxes. The first lets you control opt ions related to Capture mode and Edit mode. It has four tabs: The other dialog box is concerned with options relating to Make Movie mode.
Chapter 1: Using Studio 5 E DIT MODE Studio opens in Edit mode ea ch time it is launched, because that is the mode you use most often. Th e Edit mode display includes three main areas. The Album stores resources you will use in your movies, including your captured video scenes.
6 Pinnacle Studio 9 See Chapter 3: The Album and Chapter 4: The Movie Window for detailed information on those topics. The Player The Player displays a preview of your edited movie, or of the item currently se lected in the Album. It consists of two main areas: a preview window and playback controls .
Chapter 1: Using Studio 7 for previewing your DVD, VCD or S-VCD disc productions, including menu interaction. The preview window This is a point of focus in Studio because you use it so often, especially for previewi ng your movie. It can also be used to display: • Any type of Album content.
8 Pinnacle Studio 9 The DVD toggle button Switch between the two playback modes with the DVD toggle button at the bottom right-hand corner of the Player.
Chapter 1: Using Studio 9 Fast reverse, Fast forward: These buttons let you preview your movie at two, four or ten times the normal speed, in either direction. Use them to scan for a particular pi ece of video you want to work with. Click the buttons repeatedly to loop through the speed factors.
10 Pinnacle Studio 9 The counter The counter displays the current playback position in hours, minutes, seconds and frames. You can directly modify the counter fields to select an exact frame to view or at which to start playback. Simply click on the number you wish to change and type a new value.
Chapter 1: Using Studio 11 Further editing topics Please see the following for details on specific editing topics: • Chapter 5: Video clips • Chapter 6: Two-track editing with Studio Plus • Chap.
12 Pinnacle Studio 9 symbolized by a small padlock symbol in the top-left corner of the icon. Such item s can be upgraded by purchasing an unlocking code called an activation key . Each key unlocks a small group or theme pack of related content. Additional items of locked content will be provided for download as they become available.
Chapter 1: Using Studio 13 when seen in the Audio effects tool and the Video effects tool, would let you unloc k a pack of audio or video filters. Here, the “Bravo Studio Pack 2” page is open in the Video Effects tool. The Unlock Effect Pack button could now be used to unlock the effects in this se t.
14 Pinnacle Studio 9 The licensing mechanism employs two distinct but mutually related codes: • An activation key for each premium content item you purchase • Your Passport , which is a number generated the first time you install Studio on your computer.
Chapter 2: Capturing video 15 CHAPTER 2: Capturing video Capture is the process of importing video from a video source such as a camcorder to a file on your PC’s hard drive. Clips from this “capture file” can then be used in Studio as ingredients of your edited movies.
16 Pinnacle Studio 9 This opens the Capture mode interface, enabling you to set up and carry out video capture. The details of the interface are somewhat different for analog than for digital video sources. Topics in this chapter • “The Capture mode interface” (below) introduces the controls and displays for both analog and digital captures.
Chapter 2: Capturing video 17 T HE C APTURE MODE INTERFACE The tools and controls you see in Capture mode are different depending on whether your capture hardware is digital or analog.
18 Pinnacle Studio 9 The Camcorder Controller, at bottom left, provides a tape counter display and a se t of transport controls for operating the playback device. Finally, the Diskometer, at bottom right, displays the capture space remaining on the drive.
Chapter 2: Capturing video 19 The Diskometer The Diskometer displays, both numerically and graphically, the amount of space available on your capture drive. It also indicates the ap proximate duration of video that can be accommodated, which depends on both the available spac e and the configured capture quality .
20 Pinnacle Studio 9 Setting the capture directory: To save captured video to a different location, click the file folder button . This displays the Select Fo lder And Default Na me For Captured Video dialog. The folder you assign will be used to store captured vide o during this and future sessions.
Chapter 2: Capturing video 21 T HE CAPTURE PROCESS Studio lets you capture video from a variety of analog and digital hardware types. Choose the device you wish to use on the Capture source options panel. See “Capture hardware” (below ) for more inform ation.
22 Pinnacle Studio 9 Availability: Capturing video from Micr oMV camcorders is supported only under Windows XP. Pinnacle Systems offers a com plete line of DV, analog, and combination capture boards and devices. For more information see your dealer or visit our web-site: www.
Chapter 2: Capturing video 23 Capture step-by-step Here is a step-by-step outline of the capture process. The instructions apply to both digital and analog captures, with differences noted as required. Further information relating to some of the steps can be found elsewhere in this chapter.
24 Pinnacle Studio 9 you may choose to make your full-quality capture in MPEG rather than DV format. For an analog capture, keep in mind that the higher the quality setting, the larg er will b e your captured video file. See “Digital capture” (page 26) and “Analog capture” (page 32) for further explanation of these options.
Chapter 2: Capturing video 25 drive (unless you have unchecked Capture preview on the Capture source options panel). During capture, Studio performs automatic scene detection based on the current setting in the Capture source options panel. 8. Click the Stop capture button to end capture at a point you select.
26 Pinnacle Studio 9 a DV source. Studio monitors the time stamp data on the tape during capture, and starts a new scene whenever a discontinuity is found. • Automatic based on video content: Studio detects changes in the video content, and creates a new scene wherever there is a large change in the images.
Chapter 2: Capturing video 27 Capture) and full quality. At full quality, two types of encoding are availa ble: DV and MPEG. The two DV capture quality choices are covered in detail in the following pages. This section concludes with a note on adjusting audio and video levels in digital captures (pag e 31).
28 Pinnacle Studio 9 quality, automatically control ling your source deck to locate and capture the footage. The reduced quality of the preview video the ref ore has no impact on the quality of your finished movie. Scenes cap tured at preview quality are den oted in the Album by a dotted border.
Chapter 2: Capturing video 29 the captures “vacation-picnic”, “vacation-sailing” and “vacation-soccer”. Because St udio processes th e files in alphabetical order when recapturing, following this convention will greatly reduce the number of tim es you have to switch tapes duri ng the Make Tape process.
30 Pinnacle Studio 9 An MPEG movie requires mu ch less disk space than the equivalent full-quality DV movie, although thanks to SmartCapture this is no t generally a concern. DV DV is a high-resolution form at with correspondingly high storage requirements.
Chapter 2: Capturing video 31 VCDs. MPEGs intended for use on the Interne t will be at lower resolutions and in MPEG-1 form at. The Capture format options panel ( Setup ¾ Capture Format ) includes a variety of options to control the quality of MPEG captures.
32 Pinnacle Studio 9 A NALOG CAPTURE The topics in this section re late to capture with analog equipment, such as: • A camcorder or VCR with analog outputs connected to a DirectShow-compatib le capture board or external device. • A USB video camera or webcam.
Chapter 2: Capturing video 33 Audio and video levels – analog Studio provides fly-out panels for controlling video and audio levels during capture. This feature is especially useful when you need to compensate for differences in video captured from multiple sources.
34 Pinnacle Studio 9 brightness (video gain), contrast (black level), sharpness, hue and color sa turation of the incom ing video. Note: The Hue slider does not appear when capturing from PAL equipment. Audio Use the Audio capture buttons to control whether Studio should capture the audio along with the video.
Chapter 3: The Album 35 CHAPTER 3: The Album The Video Scenes section of the Album. Click the tabs down the left side of the Album to access the materials in the other sections.
36 Pinnacle Studio 9 including the elaborate Holly wood FX transitions. To use a transition, pos ition it next to or between video clips and graphics in th e Movie Window. See “The Transitions section”, page 50. Titles: This section contains editable titles, which you can use as overlays or as full-screen graphics.
Chapter 3: The Album 37 All types of Album content can be previewed simply by clicking on the icons. This chapter introduces each of the Album sections in turn, beginning with a detailed discussion of the all- important Video Scenes sec tion.
38 Pinnacle Studio 9 The source folder for the section’s content is listed at the top of the left Album page, next to a small Folder button . To change the source of the current section, either select a folder from the dropdown or list, or click the button, browse to anot her folder on your system, and select any file.
Chapter 3: The Album 39 • Scenes that have been added to the Movie Window are distinguished in the Album by a green checkmark. The checkmark remains as long as any clip in the Movie Window or iginates with that scene. • To see how a particular Al bum scene is used in your current project, use the Album ¾ Find Scene in Project menu command.
40 Pinnacle Studio 9 Opening a captured video file The default locations for your video files are the Windows default capture f older and the My videos folder. When you are viewing the folder conten ts page of the Video Scenes section, both of these locations always appear on the dropdown list at the top of the Album.
Chapter 3: The Album 41 Opening a folder The folder contents page is displayed whenever you choose a new folder. It lists both the subfolders and the digital video files within the folder yo u chose: Three ways to open a folder: • Select the folder name on the dropdown list on the folder contents page.
42 Pinnacle Studio 9 Scene detection and thumbnails The Album now fills with the detected scene s from your captured video (see “Scen e detection” on page 25).
Chapter 3: The Album 43 Viewing captured video Individual or multiple scenes in the open captured video file can be viewed at any time. To view captured video star ting at a selected scene: 1. Click on the scene’s icon in the Album . The Player displays the fi rst frame of the selected scene.
44 Pinnacle Studio 9 preview the video without actually opening the file into the Album. You can even select multiple files for playback using standard selection techniques. Selecting scenes and files Studio offers a variety of wa ys to select scenes and other items in the Video Scenes section of the Album.
Chapter 3: The Album 45 • Ctrl -click to add or remove individual items from the selection. • Starting with the mouse poi nter over a blank area of the Album page, click and drag to “marquee” an area, selecting all the items that inte rsect the area.
46 Pinnacle Studio 9 Comment view In the default view f or th e Video Scenes section, known as Scene view , each scene is represented by a thumbnail frame icon. To see m ore information about each scene, use the Album ¾ Comment View menu command. In comment view, editable captions are displayed for Album scenes.
Chapter 3: The Album 47 Enter a keyword into the text field and click OK to highlight all Album scenes whose caption contains the keyword. The default captions are not searched – only the ones you have customized.
48 Pinnacle Studio 9 Several selected scenes (b lack) are merged into two longer scenes. Having no neighbors, scene 4 is unaffected, even though it was part of the selection. To subdivide scenes in the Album: 1. Select the scenes to be subdivided. 2. Select Album ¾ Subdivide Scenes .
Chapter 3: The Album 49 You can subdivide these s cenes still fu rther, if desired, down to the minimum duration of one second. Three selected scenes are subdivided to a duration of five seconds. The vertical stripes indica te five- second divisions within each scene.
50 Pinnacle Studio 9 To redetect scenes: If you need to recombine a ny scenes, first select the subdivided scenes, then apply the Album ¾ Combine Scenes menu command. 1. Select the scenes you wish to redetect. 2. From the Album menu, select either Detect Scenes by Video Content or Detect Scenes by Shooting Time and Date .
Chapter 3: The Album 51 Studio’s transitions collection includes 74 standard transitions, 52 Alpha Magic transitions, 16 unre stricted Hollywood FX 3-D transi tions, and many m ore “locked” Hollywood FX transitions (with a padlock symbol in the top-left corner of the transition icon).
52 Pinnacle Studio 9 symbol (indicating that the transition can be dragged from the Album to the Movie Window). If you pause momentarily on the icon, the name of the tr ansition is displayed. The display persists for several se conds or until your mouse pointer moves off the transition.
Chapter 3: The Album 53 In the Album, a gray checkerboard is used to indicate the portion of a title that will b e treated as transparent in overlays. As with video scenes, titles that have been added to your current project are indicated in the Album by a green checkmark symbol.
54 Pinnacle Studio 9 The Still Images folder: The icons in the Still Images section represent files in the folder nam ed at the top of each left-hand page in the section.
Chapter 3: The Album 55 Any sound clip can be previewed simply by clicking its name or icon. For information on using sounds in your movie, see Chapter 11: Sound effects and music . Along with the many unrestr icted sound effects that come with Studio, you will also find several folders of effects in the UFX, or “Ultimate FX” series.
56 Pinnacle Studio 9 T HE D ISC M ENUS SECTION This section of the Album contains a collection of artist-designed menus for VCD, S-VCD and DVD authoring.
Chapter 3: The Album 57 Along with the many sta ndard menus and m otion menus that come with Studio, you will also find several folders of menus in the “Pinnacle Premium DVD Menus” series. These menus are “locked” (indicated by a padlock symbol in the top- left corner of the m enu icon.
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Chapter 4: The Movie Window 59 CHAPTER 4: The Movie Window The Movie Window, where you build your movie from the raw materials in the Album , occupies the bottom half of the screen in Studio’s Edit mode.
60 Pinnacle Studio 9 Split clip/scene button – the razorblade Click this button to split the currently -selected clip in the Movie Window, or the currently- selected scene in the Album. No information is lost. I f the item is an Album scene, it is split at the indicated point into two shorter scenes.
Chapter 4: The Movie Window 61 that would otherwise be created by the deletion is automatically closed up, and clips on other tracks are removed or shortened as requi red to keep everything in sync.
62 Pinnacle Studio 9 When the Clip propertie s tool is open, a third scrubber, the trim scrubber, is available for adjusting the current positi on within the clip during trimming. M OVIE W INDOW VIEWS The Movie Window provides th ree different views of your project: Timeline , Storyboard and Text .
Chapter 4: The Movie Window 63 uses thumbnail icons for quick ly structuring a movie. You can choose large or small thumbnails in the Edit options panel. Timeline view Timeline view shows the positions and durations of clips relativ e to the Timescale.
64 Pinnacle Studio 9 • Overlay video and audio: In Studio Plus, video and images placed on the overlay track can be used with the Picture-in-picture and Chroma key tools to give your video productions a professional appearance. These features are locked in other versions of Studio, producing “watermarked” output when used.
Chapter 4: The Movie Window 65 Because many editing operations can be carried out only in Timeline view, you s hould choose it whenever extensive, detailed or advanced editing is required. Track locking The video track norm ally takes precedence over all other tracks for trimming or deleting.
66 Pinnacle Studio 9 Track muting The audio tracks can be individually mu ted with the mute buttons at the right edge of the Movie Window. These buttons have the same function as the mute buttons in the Volume and balance tool. (See page 215 for more information.
Chapter 4: The Movie Window 67 “unavailable”, and the st atus line tells you, “Only scenes, titles, photos and transitions on video track.” Green placement lines with the “copy” pointer mean that an action is valid; red placement lines with the “unavailable” pointer ; show that it is not.
68 Pinnacle Studio 9 The toolboxes are available only in Edit mode. They are opened and closed with the buttons at the top left of the Movie Window. Select the toolbox you want to open by moving your cursor over the icons. The individual buttons highlight, indicating which toolbox will open when you click.
Chapter 4: The Movie Window 69 The Title Editor One powerful tool that is not directly accessed through the toolboxes is the T itle Editor, in which you can combine text, images and other graphic resources to make titles and disc menus for your Studio prod uctions.
70 Pinnacle Studio 9 Titles: This tool lets you edit the name and length of titles. The Edit Title button provides access to the Title Editor window where you can change the text and a ppearance of the title.
Chapter 4: The Movie Window 71 The Audio toolbox The six tools in this set operate on or create audio clips – “original” audio, voice-ove rs, sound effects and other audio files, CD tracks and SmartSound background music. Clip properties: The Clip properties tool lets you adjust (“trim”) the start and end times of any type of clip.
72 Pinnacle Studio 9 fourth set of controls, which affect the overlay audio track. Availability: Surround sound i s not supported in the SE and QuickStart versions of Studio. Record voice-overs: To record a voice-over, simply click the Record button and begin speaking into your microphone.
Chapter 5: Video clips 73 CHAPTER 5: Video clips The cornerstone of most St udio video projects is the Album section containing your captured video scenes. To create your edited movie, you drag scenes from the Album into the Movie Window, where they are treated as editable video clips .
74 Pinnacle Studio 9 V IDEO CLIP BASICS The first step in creating a movie is to introduce some video scenes from the Albu m into the Movie W indow, where they become editable clips .
Chapter 5: Video clips 75 Ctrl+C for copy, Ctrl+V for paste), or select the desired operation from the right-button menu. When the Movie Window is in Timeline view, you can drop a video scene or clip onto any of the following: • The main video track.
76 Pinnacle Studio 9 of the files in turn and drag whichever scenes you want from each file into your movie. To use multiple capture files: 1. Drag scenes from the f irst capture file into th e Movie Window. 2. Using the dropdown list or the folder button in the Video Scenes section of the Album, open the second capture file.
Chapter 5: Video clips 77 • When a clip is added to the Movie Window, a green checkmark appears on the Album ’s icon for the corresponding scene. The checkmark remains as long as any clip in the Movie Window belongs to that scene.
78 Pinnacle Studio 9 T RIMMING VIDEO CLIPS In general, captured video scenes contain more material than you actually require for your movie. “Trimming” – the process of adjusting the in and out points of a clip to remove unwanted footage – is a fundam ental editing operation.
Chapter 5: Video clips 79 Let’s first consider the sim plest trimming case, in a movie with only one clip. Then we’ll turn to the m ore usual situation of trimming a single clip that is surrounded by other clips. To trim a single clip on the Timeline: 1.
80 Pinnacle Studio 9 to as little as a single fra m e, or increase it up to the end of the source scene. 5. Release the mouse button. Th e clip is now trimmed. Multiple clips The secret to trimming a clip when m ultiple clips are on the Timeline is that you must first select the clip to be trimmed by clicking on it with the m ouse.
Chapter 5: Video clips 81 4. With the second clip s till selected, move your mouse pointer over the left edge of clip until the pointer changes to a right arrow. 5. Drag the left edge of th e second scene to the right. As you drag, the first frame of the clip is displayed in the Player.
82 Pinnacle Studio 9 This default trimming behavior simplifies editing under most circumstances, but Studi o also gives you a way to invert the behavior when needed. If you press the Ctrl key before you begin trimming a clip on the video track, neither that clip nor any other will be reposition ed, and gaps are not closed up.
Chapter 5: Video clips 83 Trimming with the Clip properties tool Although it is possible to trim video clips directly on the Tim eline with full frame accuracy, rapid, precise trimming is often easier to achieve with the Clip properties tool.
84 Pinnacle Studio 9 and jog buttons. The layout of each preview area is similar to that of the Pla yer during normal editing. Setting playback position: A scrubber control across the bottom of the tool lets you set the playback position anywhere within the clip.
Chapter 5: Video clips 85 bracket button beside the counter in the right preview area, set their respec tive trim points to the current position. You can also adjust either trim point by: • Entering.
86 Pinnacle Studio 9 S PLITTING AND COMBINING CLIPS If you want to inse rt one clip on the video track into the middle of another clip, split the latter into two parts then insert the new item. “S plittin g” a clip actually results in it being duplicated.
Chapter 5: Video clips 87 To combine clips in the Movie Window: Select the clips you wish to combine, then righ t-click and choose Combine Clips . The operation is allowed only if the combination of clips will also be a valid clip – that is, a continuous excerpt of the source video.
88 Pinnacle Studio 9 Timeline view. Each of the standard tracks (all excep t the menu track) provides a lock button. See “Track locking” on page 65 for mo re information on track locking.
Chapter 5: Video clips 89 Insert editing In ordinary Timeline editi ng, a video clip and the original audio that was captured with it are tre ated as a unit.
90 Pinnacle Studio 9 the Split clip/scene button. Now move to the point where the insertion should end and again split the clip. Finally, delete the p or tion of video that will be replaced by the insertion.
Chapter 5: Video clips 91 unbroken video, is needed less often but is also readily performed in Studio. The procedure is analogous to the one for inserting video: simply reverse the roles of the two tracks at every step.
92 Pinnacle Studio 9 Audio and video cut simultaneously. Instead of cutting the audio and the video simultaneously, you might decide to let the speaker’s voice overlap into the following scene. This makes it clear to the audience that the new scene they are now watching illustrates whatever explanation the speaker has been providing.
Chapter 5: Video clips 93 2. Select the left-hand clip and trim its right edge to the point where you want the audio to end. 3. Lock the audio track. Now drag the right-hand edge of the same clip’s video leftward to the point where the following clip’s video should start.
94 Pinnacle Studio 9 5. Unlock the audio track. The video now cuts away to the second clip ahead of the audio. Video has been trimmed from the end of the first clip, and au dio has been trimmed from the start of the second clip. The J-cut In the J-cut, the new audio cuts in before the video switches.
Chapter 5: Video clips 95 3. Lock the audio track. Now drag the right-hand edge of the same clip’s video back to the right by the overlap interval. 4. Unlock the audio track. The audio now cuts away to the second clip ahead of the video. Note: The procedures described above for performing the L-cut and the J-cut are not the only possibilities.
96 Pinnacle Studio 9 attached to the current ly-selected clip(s), and at the right, a parameters panel where you can tune the effect as required. Video effects vs. audio effects In most respects, the Video effects tool and the Audio effects tool work identically, except for the type of material they apply to.
Chapter 5: Video clips 97 illustration, the “Speed” effect has been disabled while the other two effects on the list remain in force. Adding and deleting effects To add an effect to the list for the current clip, click the A dd new effect button, which opens an effects browser on the right- hand side of the tool window.
98 Pinnacle Studio 9 production, you can purchase an activation key without leaving Studio. For information about purchasing locked video and audio effects, and other premium content for Studio, see “E xpanding Studio” on page 11.
Chapter 5: Video clips 99 parameters panel by pressing function key F1 or clicking the help button at the top left of the parameters panel. Note: Some plug-in effects may provide their own parameter windows with specialized controls.
100 Pinnacle Studio 9 zero). As the clip begins to p lay, each affected parameter gradually approaches its configured value, until by the end of the fade duration the eff ect is at full strength. Fading out reverses the process, by moving from the configured to the neutral v alues in the closing portion of the clip.
Chapter 5: Video clips 101 Studio commences “rendering” the clip – recalculating its final appearance – in the background without interrupting your workflow. The progress of rendering is indicated by a colored bar that advances from left to right along the Timescale above the clip in the Movie Window.
102 Pinnacle Studio 9 Building your effects library Studio’s plug-in architecture means that you can continue to add new eff ects to your video effects library as they become ava ilable. Expansion packs of effects from Pinnacle and other vendors will integrate seamlessly with the program .
Chapter 5: Video clips 103 C LEANING EFFECTS Cleaning effects help correct defects in the source video, such as noise and camera shake. Note: Studio’s video cleaning effects are general- purpose filters designed to reduce the most common problems found on a wide range of material.
104 Pinnacle Studio 9 Noise reduction This plug-in applies a noise-reduction algorithm that may improve the appearance of noisy video. In order to mini miz e artifacts (image defects caused as a side-.
Chapter 5: Video clips 105 T IME EFFECTS Availability: Unrestricted use of the effects in this group is not included with the SE and QuickStart versions of Studio. Until unlocked with the appropriate activation key, a “watermark” graphic appears over part of the video frame when clips using an y of the effects are played back.
106 Pinnacle Studio 9 the Speed effect, move your mous e pointer to the clip’s right-hand edge. When the Speed change pointer appears, click and drag the edge of the clip as though you were trimming its length. You can select anywhere from one-fifth to ten times the original duration.
Chapter 5: Video clips 107 The strobe effect omits some frames and repeats others. Here, with strobi ng set to 2, six frames (shaded) will be dropped from the first nine fra mes of the clip (top). In the final movie ( bottom), the remaining frames are repeated twice each.
108 Pinnacle Studio 9 Color correction The four sliders in the parameters panel for th is effect control the coloration of the current clip. Brightness: This is the relative intensity of light, without regard to color. Tr y adjusting both brightness and contrast to correct vi deo that is underexposed or overexposed.
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110 Pinnacle Studio 9 Lens flare This effect simulates the flaring seen when direct brigh t light overexposes an area of a film or video image. Tip: The parameters of this effect do not give go od feedback during stationary preview. You can use t he playback controls or the scrubbers to see the impact they have during playback.
Chapter 5: Video clips 111 reception. The slider controls set the amount and characteristics of the noise: • Amount: Set the strength of the effect. • Variation: Slightly vary the random noise pattern by setting a different “seed” value for the randomizer.
112 Pinnacle Studio 9 Finally, the Refraction slider controls the amount by which water refracts the light as it enters and leaves the wave. The resulting distortion increases as the slider moves right. S TYLE EFFECTS Availability: Unrestricted use of the effects in this group is not included with the SE and QuickStart versions of Studio.
Chapter 5: Video clips 113 The Horizontal and Vertical sliders control the amount of blur in their re spective direction s from zero (no blur) to the maximum value. The Left , Right , Top and Bottom sliders specify the margins of the blurred region as percentages of the frame width and height.
114 Pinnacle Studio 9 is determined by averaging the colors in the corresponding area of the original. Old film Old movies have a number of traits that are usually considered undesirable: gr ainy imag.
Chapter 5: Video clips 115 Stained glass This effect simulates the appearance of viewing the video through a pane of irregular polygons arranged into a mosaic. The Horizontal and Vertical sliders control the average dimensions of the polygonal “tiles” in the image.
116 Pinnacle Studio 9 music video almost instantly, in your choice of styles and using any combination of video footage and music. The tool walks you through the creation process with simple step- by-step instructions. To begin, use the Album to locate the video footage you want to include, and drag the scenes onto the Movie Window.
Chapter 5: Video clips 117 tracks. Move the slider all the way to the right if you want to hear only the music track in the finished video. The last configuration step is to ente r the text to use for the opening and closing titles. Each text line consists of two edit fields.
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Chapter 6: Two-track editin g with Studio Plus 119 CHAPTER 6 : Two-track editing with Studio Plus Studio Plus brings the power of m ultitrack video editing to Studio with th e addition of an auxiliary video track on the Movie Window Timeline called the overlay track.
120 Pinnacle Studio 9 Drop video on the title track to open the overlay track. Along with the overlay track, Studio adds an overlay audio track to accommodate the video clip’s original audio information.
Chapter 6: Two-track editin g with Studio Plus 121 Displaying and hiding the overlay track As we have just seen, the overlay video and audio tracks are displayed when you add your first overlay clip. Similarly, when you remove the last clip from these tracks, Studio again hides them from view.
122 Pinnacle Studio 9 An insert edit on the ove rlay track. The main video is obscured while the B clip is playing. In the J-cut and the L-cut, the audio portion of a clip begins a little before (J) or a little after (L) the video. They are often used together to soften the star t and end of an inserted clip.
Chapter 6: Two-track editin g with Studio Plus 123 The Picture-in-picture tool Picture-in-picture (often abbreviated to “PIP”) – the inclusion of an additional video frame within the m ain video – is a versatile effect familiar from its use in professional TV productions.
124 Pinnacle Studio 9 the two aspects of the tool separate ly as the Picture-in- picture and the Chroma key tools. The Picture-in-picture and Chroma key (PIP/CK) tool is really two tools in one. Because they are used independently, we treat them as separate tools.
Chapter 6: Two-track editin g with Studio Plus 125 • Use the center control points on the edges of the PIP frame to change its dimensions arbitrarily. • Use the control points at the corners of the PIP frame to change its size but not its proportions (“aspect ratio”).
126 Pinnacle Studio 9 Border: These controls set the color, width and transparency of the border that will be drawn around the overlay frame. Set the width to zero (slider all the way to the left) if you don’ t want a border at all. See page 135 for information on how to use the color controls.
Chapter 6: Two-track editin g with Studio Plus 127 The PIP effect interface If you prefer to enter your PIP parameter setting s numerically rather than gra phically, you can turn to an alternative interface provided by the Video effects tool.
128 Pinnacle Studio 9 Video: The Transparency slider lets the main video show through the PIP overla y to any desired degree. Border: The parameters in this group are equivalent to the Border settings.
Chapter 6: Two-track editin g with Studio Plus 129 Blue and green are the gene rally-preferred colors for chroma key use because their removal from an im age will not affect human skin tones, but in principle any hue can be used with Studio’s chroma key tool.
130 Pinnacle Studio 9 Chroma-key tool controls The chroma key tool constructs a “mask”, shown in the Key channel graphic on the left si de of the tool, where the transparent part of the frame is drawn in black, and the opaque part – the part you will see in the final video – is drawn in white.
Chapter 6: Two-track editin g with Studio Plus 131 The color circle on the Chroma key tool highlights a range of hues (around the circumference) and color saturation values (along the radius). Any pixel in the overlay frame whose hue and saturation fall within the highlighted region will be treated as transparent.
132 Pinnacle Studio 9 Apply to new clips: This option is handy when you want to set up the same chroma key settings for a number of different clips. As long the option is checked, chroma key will auto.
Chapter 6: Two-track editin g with Studio Plus 133 Chroma key tips No matter how good your software may be, successful use of chroma key depends on carefully setting up your shot, and may require experime ntation to get the details just right.
134 Pinnacle Studio 9 Make a smooth profile: Chroma keyers do better with a smooth edge than a jagged or complex one, so try to have your subject present a smooth profile to the camera. Hair is particularly tricky, and should be slicked down if possible.
Chapter 6: Two-track editin g with Studio Plus 135 Selecting colors To select colors in tools and effects that provide a color parameter, click either on the color swatch (left) or the eye dropper button. The first opens a standard color picker dialog; while the second lets you choose a color by clicking anywhere on the screen.
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Chapter 7: Transitions 137 CHAPTER 7: Transitions A transition is an animated effect that eases – or emphasizes – the passage from one clip to the next. Fades, wipes and dissol ves are common types of transition. Others are more exotic, and may even involve sophisticated 3-D graphics.
138 Pinnacle Studio 9 Diagram: Five snapshots from the life of a 2-second diagonal wipe transition. If a transition is to last for two seconds (the default transition duration in a fresh Studio installatio n), the second clip begins to run tw o seconds before the first clip is finished.
Chapter 7: Transitions 139 own movies. Generally, it is advisable to refrain from overusing transitions that cause abrupt changes or otherwise draw attention to them selves: there’s a big difference between a subtle dissolve and a h eart-shaped wipe.
140 Pinnacle Studio 9 Dissolve: A dissolve is similar to a fade, except that the new scene begins to fade up even while the old one is fading down. The visual overlap this produces is less dramatic than a fade, but less abrupt than a cut. A short di ssolve can take the edge off a cut, while a long dissolve is useful to suggest the passage of time.
Chapter 7: Transitions 141 A basic set of fully-func tional Hollywood FX is included with Studio, along with “watermarked” demo versions of many others. Apart from the waterm ark (a special graphic superimposed on part of the video), the demo effects can be previewed normally within Studio.
142 Pinnacle Studio 9 Background rendering of Hollywood FX Background rendering is an optional feature in which the computation needed to create a detailed preview of Hollywood FX transitions is carried out as a “back- ground task” with no interru ption of your workflow.
Chapter 7: Transitions 143 transition is placed between two clips, the aud io cross- fades (the audio equiva lent of a dissolve). The only exception to this rule is the Fade transition, which takes the audio completely out then back in again. Normal transitions cause a cro ss- fade in the audio (left).
144 Pinnacle Studio 9 Studio inserts a duplicate of the origina l transition between each pair of selected clips. T RIMMING TRANSITIONS Although transitions are not true clips, they are handled very similarly to clips within Studio’s editing environment.
Chapter 7: Transitions 145 Trimming with the Clip properties tool The Toolbox ¾ Modify Clip Properties menu command invokes the Clip properties tool for the selected clip.
146 Pinnacle Studio 9 Previewing in the Clip properties tool The Clip properties tool provides previewing controls for transitions similar to those for video clips.
Chapter 8: Still images 147 CHAPTER 8: Still images Video usually means images in motion, but m ost productions also include stationary titles or graphics, and may include other types of still image as well.
148 Pinnacle Studio 9 is placed on this track. Fo r optimum results, you m ay need to prepare the image in an im age-editing application beforehand. Note: Studio Plus users have an additional option, the overlay track, for adding their images to the Timeline.
Chapter 8: Still images 149 Controlling transparency in overlay images Viewed in the Album, or in a graphics editor, an overlay image appears to have a solid background. When you place it on the title track, however, the background disappears, allo wing the video to show through.
150 Pinnacle Studio 9 Applying effects Most of Studio’s plug-in vide o effects can be applied to still images. (The exceptions are effects like Speed and Strobe that only make sense for moving video.) See “Using video effects” on page 95 for detailed information.
Chapter 8: Still images 151 With bitmapped images , including ordinary photos and image files, and with disc menus, double-click the clip for a third way to access the tool. Double-clicking a title, however, opens it directly into the Title Editor instead.
152 Pinnacle Studio 9 • In Studio Plus, put together “pan-and-zoom” animations in which a high-resolution im age is viewed as a succession of smoothly-connected close- ups at various degrees of magnification. This technique is closely associated with the well-known documentary filmmaker Ken Burns.
Chapter 8: Still images 153 and magnification with these controls until the image is cropped and framed to your satisfaction. The Reset button removes all your position and zoom changes, restoring the origin al framing of the image.
154 Pinnacle Studio 9 Animating Pan-and-zoom in Studio Plus If you own Studio Plus, or pu rchase an activation key by clicking the unlock button on the pan-and-zoom controls, you can create eff ective animations from your photos and graphic images.
Chapter 8: Still images 155 above scenario, this returns the viewer to the original context, perhaps closing a chapter or episode within your movie. • Panning across a wide scene to absorb its details one by one. This technique can be used to impart a sense of discovery when a dramatic or humorous detai l finally comes into view.
156 Pinnacle Studio 9 The pan-and-zoom controls are used here to focus in turn on four vignettes in the satirical painting “An Election Entertainment” by English artist William Hogarth. A fifth view pulls back to show as much of the entire canvas as will fit in a wide-screen frame without black sidebars.
Chapter 8: Still images 157 The Pan and zoom effect is found in the Fun Effects group. Most of the available parameter settings are exactly parallel to those off ered by the Clip properties tool: you can set Zoom , Horizontal position and Vertical position in both the Start and End parameter groups.
158 Pinnacle Studio 9 T HE F RAME G RABBER The Frame Grabber can capture a still im age from any video capture source suppor ted by Studio, or extract a single frame from any video clip in your current project. The grabbed frame can be a dded directly to your movie or saved out to disk in a ny of a number of standard graphics formats.
Chapter 8: Still images 159 configured in the Capture Source options panel (page 248) and the Capture Format options panel (page 252). The Frame grabber in grab-from-movie mode. When you grab from an external source (e.g. a camcorder), the Camcorder Controller is displayed.
160 Pinnacle Studio 9 frame is disp layed in the t ool’s preview area, and the two output buttons ( Add to Movie and Save to Disk ) are enabled. Add to movie: This button inserts the grabbed frame into the Movie Window video track ahead of the currently-selected clip.
Chapter 9: Disc menus 161 CHAPTER 9: Disc menus With the advent of the DVD, VCD and S-VCD disc formats, video has become an interactive m edium, with new possibilities for both videographer and audie nce.
162 Pinnacle Studio 9 Unlike any other kind of clip, menus automatically loop . When the end of a menu clip is reached during disc preview or playback, it is immediately restarted.
Chapter 9: Disc menus 163 has links to five chapters. Our menu is designed to display two chapter links per page, so three pages are required to accommodate all the links. (The second page is the one appearing in the illustration.) We’ve also given each page a link to the M2 menu.
164 Pinnacle Studio 9 create links to each scene after the m enu”, click Yes (see “Using menus from the Album” on page 165). A new track appears at the top of the Tim eline, and a small “flag” appears over each of your clips. These represent links from the menu you just added.
Chapter 9: Disc menus 165 Using menus from the Album The Disc Menus section of the Album contains a collection of menus that have been designed for particular occasions, aut horing styles and chapter counts.
166 Pinnacle Studio 9 Dropping menus on the Timeline When you drag a menu from the Album and drop it onto the video track or the title track, Studio gives you the option of automatically generating links to all video clips to the right of the menu on the Tim eline.
Chapter 9: Disc menus 167 The DVD Player Control Studio’s Player provides a specialized set of controls for previewing movies that contain menus, patterned after the butt on layout on a typical DVD remote control. Switch the Player to DVD mode by clicking the DVD toggle button at the bottom right corner of the Player.
168 Pinnacle Studio 9 Button selection: The four arrow controls in this cluster move the on- screen cursor within a disc m enu to select one of its buttons. The oval button in the middle of th e cluster activates the currently-selected on-screen button, which is indicated by highlighting.
Chapter 9: Disc menus 169 track, which materializes above the video track the first time a menu is added to your m ovie (and vanishes again if all menus are removed). The menu itself is marked by a colored rectangle in the menu track ( M1 and M2 in the illustration above).
170 Pinnacle Studio 9 To create a link: Right-click the menu track or the video track and choose either Set Disc Chapter or Set Return to Menu , depending on the kind of link you want to create. Return to menu links are always created at the end of the current clip, rather than at the exact poin t where you click.
Chapter 9: Disc menus 171 The Edit menu button at the top right of the tool opens the menu in the Title Editor. There you can change every visual aspect of the menu: its background and button images, the appearance and contents of its captions, and more.
172 Pinnacle Studio 9 Alternative methods of selecting menu pages: • Step through the pages by clicking the page link buttons in the preview area. • Use the Button selector control (described on page 172) to choose a button on any page of the menu.
Chapter 9: Disc menus 173 control to select the menu button you want to work on. The selected button is highlighted in the preview area. You can also select a button by clicking on it in the preview area. Button caption text field: Edit the text for the current button without going to the Title Editor.
174 Pinnacle Studio 9 For more on background rendering, see “Hollywood FX for Studio” (page 140); and “Edit Settings” (page 256). Chapter-editing controls The controls in this area se lect or modify the individual chapter buttons within a menu.
Chapter 9: Disc menus 175 To create a link using drag-and-drop: • Click the clip in the Movie Window that you want to link to, and drag it onto a button in the Clip properties tool preview area.
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Chapter 10: The Title E ditor 177 CHAPTER 10: The Title Editor Studio’s built-in Title Ed itor is a powerful facility for creating and editing titles and other graphics. Its extensive suite of text and image effects and tools provides endless possibilities for the visual design of your movie.
178 Pinnacle Studio 9 Launching the Title Editor Reflecting the versatility of the Title Editor is the variety of ways of accessing it from Studio’s Edit mode, using either one of the tools in the Video toolbox (see page 69) or a mouse command on one of the Timeline tracks (see page 63).
Chapter 10: The Title E ditor 179 screen title or menu, or vice ve rsa, just drag it onto the other Timeline track. If you find yourself creating a title when you wanted a disc menu, you can easily switch over in the Title Editor.
180 Pinnacle Studio 9 menu is just like any other title except f or two attributes: • A menu has at least one button. A title has none. Adding a button to a title turns it into a menu, and deleting the last button on a menu turns it into a title.
Chapter 10: The Title E ditor 181 When the object has the si ze and proportions you want, release the mouse. Whatever its type, the object is created with the sp ecified dimensions. Its other attributes – color, shading, shadow, etc. – are determined by the currently selected look in the Title Editor Album.
182 Pinnacle Studio 9 About text objects Selecting a text object is di fferent in one important way from selecting a rectangle or ellipse: the object’s text field is put into a “ready” state in which any keyboard activity will cause the f ield to activate and start displaying the input text.
Chapter 10: The Title E ditor 183 Advanced text editing features As in a word processing program, the Title Editor allows you to format a sele cted range of characters. Simply mark an adjacent set of characters with th e mouse and apply the formatting you desire.
184 Pinnacle Studio 9 With text objects, th e s econd button provides two further operations, kern and change leading , accessed by control points in the cente r of each edge of the text frame: Kern (.
Chapter 10: The Title E ditor 185 Object layout buttons The two left buttons in this clu ster are for grouping and ungrouping Ti tle Editor objects. The first button is availabl e when multiple objects are selected. Its action is to link the objects into a group – a composite object that is tre a ted as a single entity by editing operations.
186 Pinnacle Studio 9 either the vertical or horizont al directions, and the final three resize the objects so th at they have equal width, equal height, or both. All of these commands are particularly useful in menu creation, since you generally want menu buttons to be laid out in a regular fashion.
Chapter 10: The Title E ditor 187 Clipboard and delete buttons The buttons in this cluster provide the familiar editing operations Cut , Copy , Paste and Delete , all of which operate on gr oups, individual objects, or on selected text within a Title Editor text ob ject.
188 Pinnacle Studio 9 controls in the cluster, wh ich govern the appearance of individual characters, the options on this menu apply to all the text in a given text box .
Chapter 10: The Title E ditor 189 T HE T ITLE E DITOR A LBUM The Title Editor Album is the rectangular panel on the right-hand side of the Title Editor screen. It contains resources for building menus and titles in the same way that the main Studio Album contains resources for creating movies.
190 Pinnacle Studio 9 To change the look of an existing object, simply click on the look you want while the object is selected. New objects are created with the most recently selected look. Selecting a look in the Looks Browser: Each button in the Standard tab is avail able in eight styles, which are presented to you as a submenu.
Chapter 10: The Title E ditor 191 otherwise standard Windows color-picker dialog to which an Opacity slider (0-100%) has been added. The swatch beside the second button pops up a gradient designer that lets you define a gradient by assigning the starting colors to each corner of a square surface.
192 Pinnacle Studio 9 those described above for the Looks Browser (page 189), except that the color or gradient you select is instantly applied to the b ackground of the title you are editing.
Chapter 10: The Title E ditor 193 Picture objects behave just like text objects and the two types of graphic object with respect to grouping, alignment and similar controls.
194 Pinnacle Studio 9 The button art supplied with Studio includes several examples of each type. Each button is an im age file in Targa ( tga ) format.
Chapter 10: The Title E ditor 195 Would you like to make a bu tton that says “Grandma” and link it to the video of Grandma’s birthday party? Just create a text object, make it as fancy as you like with text stylings and the Looks Browser, and assign it the normal button action.
196 Pinnacle Studio 9 These highlight options can be applied to any type of button made from any type of object, not just the button images brought in from the Album . Clear the Highlight style checkbox if you want to disable button highlighting while working in the Title Editor.
Chapter 11: Sound effec ts and music 197 CHAPTER 11: Sound effects and music Video may be thought of as primarily a visual medium , but the role of sound in your movies is often no less important than that of the images on the screen.
198 Pinnacle Studio 9 • The SmartSound tool autom atically creates a music track of any desired durati on in a variety of styles. • You can drop mp3 files from the Album onto the Timeline or import CD audio tracks with the CD audio tool. • The Voice-over tool lets you add narration or commentary as you preview your edited video.
Chapter 11: Sound effec ts and music 199 powered speaker system with Pro Logic support or a Pro Logic-compatible AV receiver. • A sound card and speaker system with Dolby Digital 5.1 compatibility. For best results a digital audio connection (RCA or optical) is recommended.
200 Pinnacle Studio 9 “synchronous” audio because it is recorded simultaneously with the video track. Overlay audio track: The original audio for video clips on the overlay track. Sound effect and voice-over track: Sound effects and voice-overs are the typical co ntent on this track.
Chapter 11: Sound effec ts and music 201 Switching audio tracks Although the audio tracks do have their specialized roles, as described above, these m ainly control the choice of track where new clips will appear.
202 Pinnacle Studio 9 If there is a CD in th e drive that you have not previously used in a S tudio project, Studio will ask you to enter its name before continuing. The controls on the tool will become available only when Studio can of fer at least one entry on the CD Title dropdown list.
Chapter 11: Sound effec ts and music 203 the CD (if it is not already in the drive), so that the audio data can be captured. You won’t need to repeat this step subsequently unless you lengthen the clip. CD recording options Depending on your CD drive, Studio offers a number of recording options.
204 Pinnacle Studio 9 Ctrl+A .) The total length of the selected clips will determine the initial setting for the m usic duration, though you can modify the value at any time by trimming on the Timeline or d irectly editing the Duration counter in the tool.
Chapter 11: Sound effec ts and music 205 When you have made your choice, click the Add to Movie button. Studio creates the new clip on the background music track beginning at the current time index (as shown by the Ti meline scrubber and the preview frame in the Player).
206 Pinnacle Studio 9 Review the video scenes in your movie and decide where you want the voice-over to begin and end. When you are ready, open the Voice-over tool. Note that the recording lamp – the dark re ctangle in the upper left of the above illustration – is not lit.
Chapter 11: Sound effec ts and music 207 level is set with the Recording level slider and its accompanying level meter on the Voice-over tool. Watch this meter to make sure yo ur recording levels don’t get too high or low. The indicator changes color from blue (0-70% modulation), through yellow, to red.
208 Pinnacle Studio 9 Choose from this list, then connect your microphone in the manner indicated (e.g. Microphone or Line In ). The Channels and Sample rate adjustments on the options dialog control the quality of voice-overs or other recorded audio.
Chapter 11: Sound effec ts and music 209 • The Name text field lets you assign a custom name to the clip to replace th e default one assigned by Studio. The clip name is used by the Movie Window’s List view, and can also be viewed as a fly-by label when your mous e hovers over the clip in the Storyboard view.
210 Pinnacle Studio 9 You can use these to change the source of the clip at any time. CD Title is also an editable text field, so you can enter the actual title of the CD.
Chapter 11: Sound effec ts and music 211 Anatomy of an audio clip An audio clip icon on the Timeline has several parts. The boundaries of each clip are denoted by vertical bars. The actual content of the audio is indicated by a waveform graph: Waveform graph excerpt from three neighboring clips.
212 Pinnacle Studio 9 Finally, if you make volume adjustm ents within the clip, the line consists of sloping segments that meet at volume adjustment handles . Unlike the waveform graph, or the adjustment lines for balance and fade (see below), the volum e adjustment line is scaled logarithmically .
Chapter 11: Sound effec ts and music 213 To select which of the three adjustm ent lines is currently displayed, u se the audio clip’s right-button context menu: . Availability: Surround sound i s not supported in the SE and QuickStart versions of Studio.
214 Pinnacle Studio 9 To adjust the volume of a clip on the Timeline, select it (by left clicking), then m ove your mouse pointer close to the line. The volume adjustment cu rsor will appear: Click the left mouse button, and drag up or down within the clip.
Chapter 11: Sound effec ts and music 215 In the case of left-right (ste reo) balance, adjusting the line upwards from the center positions the audio further to the left.
216 Pinnacle Studio 9 The Volume and balance tool provides i ndividual level controls for each of the audio tracks: original audio (left in illustration), overlay audio , sound effect and voice-over , and background music (right). The overlay audio controls are displayed only when the overlay video and audio tracks are open in the Movie Window.
Chapter 11: Sound effec ts and music 217 affects the vertical positi on of the volume adjustment lines on all clips on the trac k, but does not change their contour. Click on the knob and drag it with a clockwise rotation (up to the 2 o’clock maximum position) to increase the volume.
218 Pinnacle Studio 9 digital signal – ensure that the m eter level never quite reaches the top of the bar. The fade buttons s produce a fade-in from or a fade- out to the current position of the movie. For a visual confirmation of their effect, watch the behavior of the clip’s volume adjustment line when the fade buttons are clicked.
Chapter 11: Sound effec ts and music 219 (“balance”). Each track can be ind ependently placed anywhere within the re ctangular listening area. Surround mode: Here, the original audio track has been placed farthest from the listen er, near the left front speaker.
220 Pinnacle Studio 9 Viewing volume and balance contours Each audio clip in your project displays a contour line showing one of its volume, left-right balance or front- back balance.
Chapter 11: Sound effec ts and music 221 Icons for audio effects In Timeline mode, any special effects you have applied to an audio or video clip are indicated by small icons along the bottom of the clip. These correspond to the effects groups shown by the Add new effect browser in the Audio effects and Video effects tools.
222 Pinnacle Studio 9 audible effect, so you shoul d make changes in small amounts then pause to check if there is an im provement. Noise reduction: When a camcorder is used outdoors with the actors d.
Chapter 11: Sound effec ts and music 223 Equalizer This effect is similar in concept to the treble and bass “tone” controls on audio equipment, but provides a much finer degree of adjust ment. It divides the audio spectrum into ten bands , each centered on a different sound frequency.
224 Pinnacle Studio 9 Grungelizer The Grungelizer adds noise and static to your recordings. It can make your clips sound as though you were hearing them on a radio with bad reception or a worn and scratched vinyl record. Crackle: This dial adds crackle to create that old vinyl record sound.
Chapter 11: Sound effec ts and music 225 AC: This emulates the constant, low hum of AC current. Frequency switch: This sets the frequency of the AC current (50 or 60 Hz), and thus the pitch of the AC hum. Timeline: This dial regulates the amount of overall effect.
226 Pinnacle Studio 9 Leveler This effect helps compensate for a common problem in recording audio for video pr oductions: the imbalance in the recorded volume of different elements in the original audio. For instance, your commentary as you shoot the video may be record ed at such a high level that it overwhelms other sounds at the location.
Chapter 11: Sound effec ts and music 227 is greater for a large roo m th an a small one. The rate at which the echoes die away depends on both the room size and the reflectivity of the walls. The presets for Reverb are named for the type of room they simulate – from the passenger cabin of a car all the way up to a huge underground cavern.
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Chapter 12: Making your movie 229 CHAPTER 12: Making your movie Studio gives you a variety of ways to share your video productions. This chapter explains how to: • Attach a DV or MicroMV camcorder o.
230 Pinnacle Studio 9 Preparing your movie for output Before your movie is actually ready for output some preprocessing will generally be required: • If your movie includes clip s that were captured in preview quality, Studio will prompt you to load your source tape(s) into your DV camcorder or VCR.
Chapter 12: Making your movie 231 Outputting to a camera or video recorder... ... via IEEE-1394 cable If your recording device has a DV input, just connect it to your digital video car d with an IEEE-1394 (or “i.LINK”) cable. The connector at the camcorder end should be labeled DV IN / OUT .
232 Pinnacle Studio 9 Connecting a TV set or video monitor Many camcorders have an integrated display, making it unnecessary to attach a video monitor. Otherwise, to view your movie as it is recorded, a TV set or a video monitor must be attached to the video outputs of your recorder.
Chapter 12: Making your movie 233 It’s good practice to slide the record- inhibit tab on your master tapes to “Save” to ensure there’s no accidental recording over original material. Note: Studio relies on continuous, uninterrupted timecode to recapture these clips.
234 Pinnacle Studio 9 make tape operation must be started again at the beginning. Once rendering is complete, Studio requires a few seconds to prepare for output to your camcorder or VCR. 5. Verify that the camcorder/VCR is powered on, and that you have inserted a tape cued to where you wish to begin recording.
Chapter 12: Making your movie 235 the trade-off between file size and quality: the more you compress, the more you reduce quality. Both video and audio compression are adjustable. Video compression adjustments include frame size, frame rate and data rate (a fter com pression).
236 Pinnacle Studio 9 Options are provided for turning off either the audio or the video. You ma y want to make an AVI audio-only file for import into another program. Alternatively, you might want to omit the audio from a small web-page video in order to minimize the file size.
Chapter 12: Making your movie 237 Save your movie as an MPEG file The MPEG-1 file format is supported on all Windows 95 and later PCs. MPEG-2 f iles can only be played on PCs with MPEG-2 decoder software installed. Generally, MPEG files are smaller than AVI files, an d depending on the AVI options used may be of higher quality.
238 Pinnacle Studio 9 3. Check the Diskometer to make sure you have enough drive space. 4. Click the green Create MPEG file button . Enter a name for your mpg file when prom pted. The default directory for saving your file is: C:My DocumentsPinnacle StudioMy Projects Click OK to start creating th e file.
Chapter 12: Making your movie 239 Save as RealVideo or Windows Media With the RealVideo and Windows Media formats, you can save your movies for playback on the Web. You can share those movies w ith anyone around the world who has compatible software: • For RealVideo, the RealNetworks® RealPlayer®, a free download from www.
240 Pinnacle Studio 9 3. Click the green Create Web file button. Type in a name for your rm (RealVideo) or wmv (Windows Media) file. Th e default directory in which your file will be saved is: C:My DocumentsPinnacle StudioMy Projects Click OK to start creating the file.
Chapter 12: Making your movie 241 button. If you want anothe r frame of your movie to appear, use the playback controls in the Player to find the frame of your choice, then click the Set thumbnail button. Click the green Share my video button to begin the process of sharing your movie.
242 Pinnacle Studio 9 Output your movie to DVD, VCD or S-VCD If your system is equipped with a CD burner, Studio can create VCD or S-VCD discs on either CD-R or CD-RW media. Your VCD discs can be played back: • On a VCD or S-VCD player. • On some DVD players.
Chapter 12: Making your movie 243 Your DVD discs can be played back: • On any DVD player that can handle the recordable DVD format your burner creates. Most players can handle the common formats. • On a computer with a DVD drive and playback software.
244 Pinnacle Studio 9 Diskometer-style display showing the amount of space consumed by your m ovie on the output disc. Also shown are the length of your movie, and a reminder of the disc-typ e and quality setting you have chosen. 2. Click the Settings button to bring up the Make Disc options panel (see “ Make disc settings” on page 272).
Chapter 12: Making your movie 245 Copying an AVI file to tape When the Tape tab is s elected in Make Movie m ode (see “Output your movie to videotape”, page 232, and “Save your movie as an AVI file”, page 234), a small side-panel opens on the Player.
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Appendix A: Setup options 247 APPENDIX A: Setup options Settings are provided to ad just various aspects of Studio’s operation. The defa ult values have been chosen to work well for the m ajority of situations and hardware. However, you may wi sh to modify them to suit either your work styl e or your specific equ ipment configuration.
248 Pinnacle Studio 9 Option settings in Studio apply to both the current and future Studio sessions. There is no master reset. If you want to return to the factory preset values, use the information in the f ollowing sections, which deal with all ten options panels in turn.
Appendix A: Setup options 249 camera, etc). Your selection determ ines the availability of some other Capture source settings, and of many settings on the Capture format panel. Audio: Your choice of audio devices is constrained by which video device is selected.
250 Pinnacle Studio 9 changed. Preview the source video using your camcorder’s built-in m onitor instead. Aspect ratio: This dropdown list specifies whether the video source for future analog captures should be interpreted as having normal (4:3) or widescreen (16:9) format.
Appendix A: Setup options 251 Data code does not work if the tape: • includes one or more blank (unrecorded) sections • is unreadable due to tape damage or electronic noise • was recorded withou.
252 Pinnacle Studio 9 Capture format settings The options available here depend on the capture device you are us ing (from the Capture source tab). You will not see all the se ttings described below displayed at once. Presets The settings in the other areas on the Capture format panel depend on your choice in this Presets area.
Appendix A: Setup options 253 the video settings manually. Th e best preset to use is the lowest one that meets the requir ements of all the devices on which your movie will be played. Use Low if you are outputting onl y for VCD; Medium if you need to accommodate S-VCD; and High if your movie will be output for DVD.
254 Pinnacle Studio 9 Using codecs that have not been certified by Pinnacle Systems for use with Studio pr eview-quality capture may produce undesirable results. Pinnacle Systems cannot provide technical support for problems associated with the use of codecs that are not so certified.
Appendix A: Setup options 255 Pre-filter: This option activates a smoothing algorithm to improve apparent picture quality when capturing at lower resolutions. The sharpness of the image is slightly reduced. Fast encode: This option speeds up the encoding process with some reduction in quality when capturing to an MPEG file.
256 Pinnacle Studio 9 Include audio: Clear this check box if you are not planning to use the capture d audio in your production. Options: This button gives you access to any setup options offered by the codec (compression/ decompression software) you have chosen.
Appendix A: Setup options 257 relating to editing are on the C D, Voice-over and Surround panel (see page 260). Default durations These duration times are measured in seconds and frames. The seconds counter advances every 30 frames for NTSC, or 25 frames for PAL.
258 Pinnacle Studio 9 Rendering This area furnishes several options that affect rendering – the process in which the video for your final movie is generated from materials you have assem bled in the Movie Window.
Appendix A: Setup options 259 The choices involve a trade-off: optimizing for preview will speed up background rendering but slow down the Make Tape step, whereas with Optimize for make tape the reverse is true. If you are not planning to output your project to videotape, Optimize for preview is always the better choice.
260 Pinnacle Studio 9 When adding a menu When you place a disc menu on the Timeline, Studio inquires whether you want to generate chapter links from the menu to all the cl ips that follow it (at least until the next menu).
Appendix A: Setup options 261 Drive letter: If you have multiple CD drives, choose one to use as the CD audio source for your movies. Voice-over recording Microphone: A dropdown list of choices for attaching a microphone to your hardware. Channels, Sample rate: These settings control audio quality.
262 Pinnacle Studio 9 Make tape settings Studio automatically senses the hardware you have installed, and configures the Make Tape playback destination accordingly. If you are printing (making tape) to a DV device, you can choose to have Studio start and stop the device automatically instead of having to do it yourself.
Appendix A: Setup options 263 5. Click OK . 6. Click Create . Studio renders your movie, then sends the record command to your DV device. Studio outputs the first frame of your movie (without audio) for the duration entered for record delay time, giving the device time to bring the ta pe up to speed and begin recording.
264 Pinnacle Studio 9 Make AVI file settings The Make AVI file options panel lets you adjust compression settings, whether to m inimize the size of the output file, to increase its quality, or to pre pare it for a special purpose (such as distribution via the Internet) where there may be requirem ents involving characteristics such as frame size.
Appendix A: Setup options 265 width and height greatly d ecreases file size, although compression moderates this effect. Quality, data rate: Depending on the codec being used, you can adjust the quality percentage or data rate with the slider. The higher the percentage or rate you choose, the larger the resulting file.
266 Pinnacle Studio 9 Type: In most cases, you w ill choose either PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) or ADPCM (Adaptive Delta PCM). Channels: You may choose between 8- and 16-bit mono and stereo sound. Sound quality and fi le size increases when you add a second channel or increase bit depth.
Appendix A: Setup options 267 Video settings Compression: You can choose either MPEG-1 or MPEG-2 compression. MPEG-2 offers higher resolution and higher quality than M PEG-1. Note: MPEG-2 files require special decoder software. If you do not have an MPEG-2 decode r installed on your PC you will not be able to play MPEG-2 files.
268 Pinnacle Studio 9 Audio settings Sample rate: Digital audio is produced by taking discrete samples of a continuous analog waveform – the more samples, the bette r the sound. MPEG supports two sample rates, 44.1 kHz and 48 kHz. Data rate: You can adjust the data rates for audio an d video separately using the sliders.
Appendix A: Setup options 269 typically used to identif y the movie for Internet search engines. Web server: The RealServer option allows you to create a file that can be st reamed from a RealNetworks RealServer.
270 Pinnacle Studio 9 In addition to these standard audiences, you can record clips for connection speeds of 100 Kbps, 200 Kbps, or higher. These higher bandwidths are suitable for audiences that use corporate Local Area Networks (LANs), cable modems or Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) modems.
Appendix A: Setup options 271 • No audio: When this selection is made, the output file will contain video only. • Voice only: This option provides adequate qu ality for spoken audio in clips without music.
272 Pinnacle Studio 9 encoded into it so they are not vis ible to the casual viewer. Description: This 256-character field lets you enter keywords for encoding into the movie.
Appendix A: Setup options 273 Output format Select VideoCD (VCD), S- VCD or DVD. Options in other areas of the panel ar e dependent on this choice. Burn options Burn directly to disc: Your movie will be burned onto disc according to the format you ha ve selected under Output format .
274 Pinnacle Studio 9 copies of the same project. Although the project is not used directly in making the disc, it must nevertheless be open in Studio when the disc is burned. Eject disc when done: Check this box if you would like Studio to automatically eject th e disc after the burn process has been completed.
Appendix A: Setup options 275 • MPEG audio support is always provided on PAL players. On NTSC players it is broadly supported, but theoretically optional. • Dolby Digital 2-channel encoding can be used to compactly store either a stereo or a surround soundtrack.
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Appendix B: Tips and tricks 277 APPENDIX B: Tips and tricks Here are some hints from Pinnacle technical specialists on choosing, using and maintaining a computer system with video in mind. Hardware To use Studio effectivel y, your hardware should be optimally prepared and configured.
278 Pinnacle Studio 9 For example: 1 hour of video = 3600 seconds (60 x 60) 3600 seconds x 3.6 MB/s = 12,960 MB Hence 1 hour of video uses 12.9 GB of storage. Due to their automatic inte rnal calibration, standard hard drives regularly inte rrupt the continuous data stream in order to recalibrate th emselves.
Appendix B: Tips and tricks 279 • After ScanDisk is done, click on Start ¾ Programs ¾ Accessories ¾ System Tools ¾ Disk Defragmenter (this may take a while). • Turn off energy-saving f eatures. Point your mouse on your Desktop, right-click, and select Properties ¾ Screensaver (under Energy… Settings ).
280 Pinnacle Studio 9 always appear in full colo r and resolution at the video output. Windows 98 Second Edition To improve system performance under W indows 98SE, you can make the following modifications. Hard drive settings: 1. Go to Start ¾ Settings ¾ Control Panel ¾ System.
Appendix B: Tips and tricks 281 Taskbar: Switch the clock on the taskbar off. 1. Right-click the mouse on the taskbar. 2. Select Properties . 3. Deactivate the Show Clock option. Increasing the frame rate If your system is unable to achieve an adequate frame rate (25 fps for PAL/SECAM, 29.
282 Pinnacle Studio 9 The better the sound quality, the more space is consumed. The highest quality (CD) is rarely required. However, the lowest quality (11 kHz/8-bit, mono) rarely provides acceptable audio sequences.
Appendix B: Tips and tricks 283 section. If you have followed the naming convention suggested on page 28, Studio will proceed to the next section of tape and repeat the process until all required clips from that source tape have been recaptured. Not following the naming convention results in changing source tapes much more often.
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Appendix C: Troublesh ooting 285 APPENDIX C: Troubleshooting Before you begin troubleshooti ng, take some time to check your hardware and software installation. Update your software: W e recommend installing the latest operating system updates for Windows 98, ME, 2000 or XP.
286 Pinnacle Studio 9 have NVIDIA or ATI graphi cs cards, for which the latest drivers are available at: www.nvidia.com and www.atitech.com Those with Sound Blaster audio cards can get updates here: us.
Appendix C: Troublesh ooting 287 Access the knowledge base with your web browser by visiting: http://pinnacle.custhelp.com The knowledge base home page will appear. You don’t have to register to browse the knowledge base, but if you want to send a specifi c question to technical support staff you will need to create a knowledge base account.
288 Pinnacle Studio 9 If you search instead on the single keyword “Crash”, you will get far fewer hits, all relating to crashes in Studio. If one search does not turn up an article that seems relevant to your problem, tr y modifying the search by choosing a different set of keywords.
Appendix C: Troublesh ooting 289 Studio crashes in Edit mode Answer ID 6786 If Studio is crashing, the cau se is most likely eithe r a configuration issue or a pr oblem with a project or content file. This type o f i ssue can often be fixed with one of the following methods: • Uninstalling and reinstalling Studio.
290 Pinnacle Studio 9 Be sure to close all other programs before installing a new version. Adjust Studio settings: Choose No background rendering in the Rendering dropdown list, and clear the Use hardware acceleration checkbox. Both options are found on the Edit options panel (see page 256).
Appendix C: Troublesh ooting 291 can see what sound and video cards you have in the Windows Device Manager. To determine what video car d you have, click the plus sign in front of Display Adapters in the Device Manager list. The name of your video card is now displayed.
292 Pinnacle Studio 9 Uninstall, reinstall and update Studio: In case your Studio installation has become corrupted, try this procedure: 1. Uninstall Studio: Click on Start ¾ Programs ¾ Studio 9 ¾ Uninstall Studio 9 , then follow any on- screen instructions until the process is com plete.
Appendix C: Troublesh ooting 293 uncommon format. If you have a wav or mp3 file tha t seems to be problematic, convert the file to the other format before importing the file.
294 Pinnacle Studio 9 methodical in your approach. Creating a small test project, as described for Case 2, helps eliminate variables that may conf use your test results.
Appendix C: Troublesh ooting 295 the capture driver for your capture device is flag ged or not listed, reload the capture driver as follows: • Pinnacle drivers: Use the CD to locate and install the Pinnacle drivers for the card you have installed.
296 Pinnacle Studio 9 If you continue to get a Capture Error after trying the above steps, please test your setup with the A M C AP capture application. A M C AP is a generic application used to test device compa tibility. If you can’t capture with A M C AP , your capture card probably doesn’t have the right driver for your version of Windows.
Appendix C: Troublesh ooting 297 Studio hangs when rendering Answer ID 6386 With this type of proble m , Studio “gets stuck” during rendering (preparing your video for output in Make Movie mode).
298 Pinnacle Studio 9 • Reinstall Windows over itself (that is, without uninstalling first). In Window s XP, this procedure is called Repair . Case 2: Rendering stops randomly If the render hangs at random points even within the same project, the failures may be due to background tasks, power management or a thermal problem in the computer.
Appendix C: Troublesh ooting 299 2. Defragment your hard drive. 3. Ensure that you have ample storage – preferably tens of gigabytes – on the hard drive you use for video. Rendering may use large amounts of storage, and can be disrupted if space is insufficient.
300 Pinnacle Studio 9 Some possible solutions and workarounds: 1. Verify that the burner is listed in Device Manager. If it is not, review your burner’s documentation or contact the manufacturer to get th e device installed properly. 2. Uninstall and reinstall St udio from your original CD, then update it with the most recent pa tch.
Appendix C: Troublesh ooting 301 return control to you – af ter what had seemed an uneventful launch. In all such cases, try any or all the following: 1. Restart the computer. Afte r the reboot, double-click the Studio icon. 2. Wait a few minutes to conf irm that the application is really hung.
302 Pinnacle Studio 9 HollywoodFX transitions are still watermarked after upgrading Answer ID 1804 When upgrading to PRO, make sure you have completed the installation and obtained a keycode. The installer will prompt you to insert a keycode. To get a keycode, go to www.
Appendix C: Troublesh ooting 303 setting. To capture from an analog source, select the applicable devices in both lists. • Many analog capture cards lack an audio in jack, so you must both set the a.
304 Pinnacle Studio 9 Checking the drivers The procedure for checking your 1394 port and digital camcorder drivers is som ewhat different depending on which version of Windows you are using. To check the drivers under Windows 98SE and Windows Millennium: 1.
Appendix C: Troublesh ooting 305 To check the drivers under Windows 2000 and Windows XP: 1. Open the Windows Device Manager. (See page 286 for instructions on accessing Device Manager.) 2. You should not have any drivers with the yellow exclamation mark error flag on them.
306 Pinnacle Studio 9 Repairing your Windows installation If you have Windows 2000 or Windows XP and continue to get the “cannot initialize” message after trying all the st eps above, it may be that the 1394 drivers built into Windows are corrupt.
Appendix C: Troublesh ooting 307 control other devices in your system: if a device no longer works you can get it to work again by rebooting your system. To keep applications from loading when your PC is started (or rebooted), use the following steps.
308 Pinnacle Studio 9 O PERATION PROBLEMS Images are missing from th e recording, or the video is jerky. Possible cause: Your hard drive’s tr ansfer speed is too low. Solution: When working with some UDMA hard drives, the playback may “jum p” when an AVI file is played back at higher data rates.
Appendix C: Troublesh ooting 309 4. After ScanDisk is done, click on Start ¾ Programs ¾ Accessories ¾ System Tools ¾ Disk Defragmenter (this may take a while). 5. Turn off energy-saving features (right-click on your Desktop and select Properties ¾ Screensaver (under Energy… Settings ).
310 Pinnacle Studio 9 Solution 2: You may be using either a generic Windows graphics card driver or an older version of your graphics card. Your graphi cs card driver may also be corrupt. Please contact your graphics card vendor to ensure you have properly installed the m ost current driver.
Appendix C: Troublesh ooting 311 My batch capture is inaccurate (DV tapes only). Possible cause: You do not have continuous, uninter- rupted timecode on your sour ce tapes. Sm artCapture needs continuous timecode to accurately locate and recapture your clips.
312 Pinnacle Studio 9 Solution 2: Save your current pr oject, close all your applications, and restart the system. When Windows comes back, open your project in Studio without running any other programs, a nd try to output to tape. If the issues persist, try the next solution.
Appendix C: Troublesh ooting 313 inefficiently in small chunks rather than as a single block. This can slow file access significantly, so it is important to defragment th e hard drive on a regular basis. The Disk Defragmenter utility can be found in the Accessories ¾ System Tools folder on the Start menu of most Windows installations.
314 Pinnacle Studio 9 update from the vendor’s web- site (as usua l, enter the URL as continuous text on a single line): VIA: www.viaarena.com/?PageID=2 Intel: appsr.
Appendix D: Videograph y tips 315 APPENDIX D: Videography tips To shoot good video, then crea te from it an interesting, exciting or informative movie, is som ething anyone with a little basic knowledge can achieve. Starting from a rough script or shooting plan, the first step is to shoot your raw video.
316 Pinnacle Studio 9 Creating a shooting plan It is not always necessary to have a shooting plan, but it can be very helpful for large video projects.
Appendix D: Videograph y tips 317 Editing Using varying perspectives An important event should always be shot from varying perspectives and camera positions.
318 Pinnacle Studio 9 Transitions Cinematic timing requires som e practice. It is not always possible to film long events in their entirety, and in movies they often ha ve to be represented in severely abbreviated form. Nonetheless, the plot should remain logical and cuts shou ld almost never call attention to themselves.
Appendix D: Videograph y tips 319 Logical sequence of action The shots strung together dur ing editing must interact appropriately in relation to the action.
320 Pinnacle Studio 9 half of the frame one moment and in the right half of the frame the next, or may appear first with and then without eyeglasses. Do not string together pan shots Pan shots should not be st rung together unless they have the same direction and tempo.
Appendix D: Videograph y tips 321 • The less motion there is in a shot, the shorter it should be. Shots with fast movements can be longer. • Long shots have more content, so they should also be shown longer.
322 Pinnacle Studio 9 Cause and effect cuts Shots are related by virtue of cause and effect: without the first shot, the second would be incomprehensible. Example: A man fights with his wife and, in the very next shot, winds up sleeping under a bridge.
Appendix D: Videograph y tips 323 of your video footage and should not be cut away altogether if at all possi ble, because video without natural sound can easily seem sterile and lacking in authenticity. Frequently, however, the recording equipment captures noises from aircraft and cars that do not appear in the scene later.
324 Pinnacle Studio 9 titles on a very black background. Some video systems are unable to handle contrast ratios in excess of 1:40 and are unable to reproduce such titles in detail. Time on screen As a rule of thumb, a title should be displayed long enough to be read twice.
Appendix E: Gl ossary 325 APPENDIX E: Glossary Multimedia terminology contains co mputer and video terminology. The most important term s are defined below. Cross-references are indicated by . ActiveMovie: Software interface by Microsoft for the control of multimedia devices under Windows.
326 Pinnacle Studio 9 by shading the edges with pixels intermediate in color between the edge and the background, making the transition less apparent. Another method of anti- aliasing involves using highe r resolution output devices. Aspect ratio: The ratio of width to height in a n image or graphic.
Appendix E: Gl ossary 327 Bitmap: An image format m ade up of a collection of dots or “pixels” arranged in rows. Pixel Blacking: The process of preparing a videotape for insert editing by recording video black and continuous control track on the entire tape.
328 Pinnacle Studio 9 Closed GOP: GOP Codec: Contraction of compressor/decompressor – an algorithm that compresses (packs) and decompresses (unpacks) image data. Codecs can be implemented in either software or hardware. Color depth: Number of bits delivering the color information for each pixel.
Appendix E: Gl ossary 329 image quality is sacrif iced. The loss of quality m ay be negligible or severe depending on the amount of compression. Cropping: Choosing the area of an image to be displayed.
330 Pinnacle Studio 9 Dithering: Increasing the number of apparent colors in an image by the applicat ion of color patterns. Decibel (dB): A unit of measurem ent of the loudness of sound. An increase of 3 dB doubles the loudness. Digital8: Digital videotape format that records DV - coded audio and video data on Hi8 tapes.
Appendix E: Gl ossary 331 its data without power s upply. The memory contents can be erased with ultraviolet ligh t and rewritten. Fade to/from black: A digital effect that fades up from black at the beginning of a clip or down to black at the end. Field: A frame of video consists of horizontal lines and is divided into two fields.
332 Pinnacle Studio 9 GOP: In MPEG com pression the data stream is first divided into “Groups Of Pictures” – sections of several frames each. Each GOP contains three types of frames: I-Frames, P-Fram es (pictures) and B-Frames. GOP size: The GOP size defines, how many I-Fram es, B-Frames and P-Frames are includ ed in one GOP .
Appendix E: Gl ossary 333 IEEE-1394: Developed by Apple Computers and introduced as FireWire, this is a serial data transmission protocol with rates up to 400 Mbits/sec. Sony offers a slightly modified version for transmitting DV signals named i.LINK, providing transmission speeds up to 100 Mbits/sec.
334 Pinnacle Studio 9 Kbyte (also KB): One Kbyte (kilobyte) contains 1024 bytes . The “K” here stands for the number 1024 (2 10 ), and not 1000 as in the metric prefix. Key color: A color whose display is suppressed so that a background image can show through.
Appendix E: Gl ossary 335 Modulation: The encoding of information upon an empty carrier signal. Motion-JPEG (M-JPEG): A Video for Windows format, specified by Micros oft, for encoding video sequences. JPEG compression is used to compress each frame individually.
336 Pinnacle Studio 9 byte ) can be transm itted at once. This kind of transmission is much faster than serial transm ission, but is not appropriate fo r long-distance connections. Parallel ports are often named “LPT n ”, where n is a number (e.
Appendix E: Gl ossary 337 RGB: Red, Green and Blue: the primary colors in additive color mixing. RGB designates the m ethod used in computer technology of encoding image infor- mation in pixels, each containing som e combination of the three primaries.
338 Pinnacle Studio 9 Single frame: A single frame is part of a series or sequence. When this series is viewed at sufficient speed, the illusion of a “movi ng picture” is created. Software codec: Compression method that can create and play back compressed digital video sequences without special hardware.
Appendix E: Gl ossary 339 TrueColor: The name indicates an image with enough color resolution to appear “t rue to life”. In practise, TrueColor normally refers to 24-b it RGB color, which allows about 16.7 million com binations of the red, green and blue primary colors.
340 Pinnacle Studio 9 Video scan rate: Frequency with which the video signal is scanned onto an im age display. The higher the video scan rate, the higher the image quality and the less noticeable the flicker. WAV: (File extension for) a popular file format for digitized audio signals.
Appendix F: License agreement 341 APPENDIX F: License agreement Pinnacle End User License Agreement This End User License Agreement ("License ") is a legal agreement between you and Pinnacle Systems ("Pinnacle ") regarding Pinnacle’s software and the accompanying documentat ion (collectively, the "Software").
342 Pinnacle Studio 9 2. License Restrictions. You may not, or allow any third party to, (a) rent, lease, sell, loan or otherwise transfer the Software or any of your rights and obligations under this.
Appendix F: License agreement 343 security related updates may i mpair the Software (and any other software on your computer which specif ically depends on the Software) including disabling your ability to copy and/or play "secure" content, i.
344 Pinnacle Studio 9 AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. LICENSOR DOES NOT WARRANT THAT THE FUNCTIONS CONTAINED IN THE SOFTWARE WILL MEET YOUR REQUIREMENTS, BE UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR FREE.
Appendix G: Keyboar d shortcuts 345 APPENDIX G: Keyboard shortcuts The terms Left , Right , Up and Down in this table refer to the arrow (cursor) keys.
346 Pinnacle Studio 9 Left Select previous clip Right Select next clip Delete Delete selected clip(s) Insert Split clip at scrubber position Page up Go to next page in Movie Window Page down Go to pre.
Appendix G: Keyboar d shortcuts 347 Ctrl+Left Reduce horizontal scale of, or squeeze (kern), text selection depending on current edit mode (move/scale/rotate or kern/skew/leading) Ctrl+Right Increase .
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Index 349 Index A A/B editing, 121 Abbreviati ons, xiv Album Clipboard operations, 74 Disc Menus section, 56, 165 Drag-and-drop editing, 74 Filled during capture, 17 Image sections, 148 Interface feat.
350 Pinnacle Studio 9 Audio clips, 63 Interface details, 211 Trimming, 208 Audio com pression, 26 5 Settings (for AVI output), 265 Audio effects, 220 Basic, 221 Equalizer, 223 Grungelizer, 224 Icons, .
Index 351 Encoding, 26 File-naming convention, 24 , 28 File-size limitations, 24 Format options, 252 From analog sources, 32 From DV, 26, 29, 31 From MicroMV, 27, 31 Full-quality, 26, 29, 30 Hardware,.
352 Pinnacle Studio 9 Delete clip button, 60 Deleting clips, 60 Deleting scenes, 60 Devices Capture, 22, 248 Dialog boxes Main Options, 247 Make Movie Options, 247 Options, 247 Digital8 No timecode on.
Index 353 Effects Audio. See Audio effects Video. See Video effects Emboss (vide o effect), 113 Equalizer (audio effect), 223 Equipment requirements, xi F Fade Adjusting balance on Timeline, 214 Fade .
354 Pinnacle Studio 9 Insert edit A/B, 121 Insert edi ting, 89 Audio, 90 Introduced, 89 Method, 89 Internet, 240 Sharing movies on, 229, 240 J J-cut A/B, 122 Defined, 91 Explained, 94 Jog buttons, 9 K.
Index 355 Views, 62 MP3 files, 54 MPEG AVI vs. MPEG, 234 Capture options, 256 Captures from DV, 30 Encoding of DV captures, 26, 29 For DVD etc., 29, 30 MPEG-1 vs.
356 Pinnacle Studio 9 Overlays track And still images, 147 P PAL, 249 Pan and zoom Video effect, 156 Pan-and-zoom Animated, 154 Complex animations, 155 Photos, 152 Tool, 151 Parameters for effects Res.
Index 357 S Save as MPEG File, 237 Save as RealVi deo, 239 Save as Windows Media, 239 Save to disc, 242 Scene detection, 25, 42 Menu commands, 50 Options, 250 Scenes. See Video scenes Scenes (videogr aphy tip), 320 Scrubber, 9 SCSI, xii Sepia (video effect), 109 Set Thumbnai l menu comm and, 42 Settings.
358 Pinnacle Studio 9 Not on analog tapes, 29 Striping, 28 Timeline Adjusting volume on, 213 Audio tracks, 199 Editing disc menus on, 168 Locking tracks, 87 Overla y vide o, 119 Placing disc menus on,.
Index 359 Default duration of, 257 Described, 137 Displaying type, 51 Dissolve, 140 Effect on clip duration, 138 Fade, 139 Groups, 51 Hollywood FX, 139, 140 In audio, 142 Looping in preview, 146 Namin.
360 Pinnacle Studio 9 Trimming on the Timeline, 78 Trimming tips, 82 Undoing trim, 85 Using audio portion only, 75 Video effect s, 95 Adding, 102 Adding and deleting, 97 Auto color correct, 103 Basic,.
Un point important après l'achat de l'appareil (ou même avant l'achat) est de lire le manuel d'utilisation. Nous devons le faire pour quelques raisons simples:
Si vous n'avez pas encore acheté Pinnacle Studio 9 c'est un bon moment pour vous familiariser avec les données de base sur le produit. Consulter d'abord les pages initiales du manuel d'utilisation, que vous trouverez ci-dessus. Vous devriez y trouver les données techniques les plus importants du Pinnacle Studio 9 - de cette manière, vous pouvez vérifier si l'équipement répond à vos besoins. Explorant les pages suivantes du manuel d'utilisation Pinnacle Studio 9, vous apprendrez toutes les caractéristiques du produit et des informations sur son fonctionnement. Les informations sur le Pinnacle Studio 9 va certainement vous aider à prendre une décision concernant l'achat.
Dans une situation où vous avez déjà le Pinnacle Studio 9, mais vous avez pas encore lu le manuel d'utilisation, vous devez le faire pour les raisons décrites ci-dessus,. Vous saurez alors si vous avez correctement utilisé les fonctions disponibles, et si vous avez commis des erreurs qui peuvent réduire la durée de vie du Pinnacle Studio 9.
Cependant, l'un des rôles les plus importants pour l'utilisateur joués par les manuels d'utilisateur est d'aider à résoudre les problèmes concernant le Pinnacle Studio 9. Presque toujours, vous y trouverez Troubleshooting, soit les pannes et les défaillances les plus fréquentes de l'apparei Pinnacle Studio 9 ainsi que les instructions sur la façon de les résoudre. Même si vous ne parvenez pas à résoudre le problème, le manuel d‘utilisation va vous montrer le chemin d'une nouvelle procédure – le contact avec le centre de service à la clientèle ou le service le plus proche.
