Manuel d'utilisation / d'entretien du produit 2 du fabricant Apple
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Soundtrack P ro 2 Getting Star ted.
K Apple Inc. Copyright © 2007 A pple Inc. All rights reserved. Y our rights to the software are go verned by the accompanying software license agreemen t. The owner or authorized user of a v alid copy of Soundtrack Pro software may reproduce this publica tion for the purpose of learning to use such software.
3 2 C ont ents Prefac e 5 W elcome to Soundtrack P ro 5 About Soundtrack Pro 5 About This Book 6 What Y ou’ll Need Chapter 1 7 Starting Y our Project and Assembling Media 8 Opening Soundtrack Pro 9 .
4 Contents Chapter 4 5 7 Solving Audio P roblems 57 Analyzing and Fixing P roblems in an Audio F ile 60 Creating an AppleScript Droplet t o Analyze and Fix A udio Files Chapter 5 6 1 Mixing Stereo and.
5 Prefac e W elcome to Soundtr ack Pro About Soundtrack P ro Soundtrack Pr o is a professional digital audio application designed f or film and video post-production.
6 Preface Welcome to Soundtrack Pro What Y ou ’ll Need Simply reading this book will give you enough inf ormation to get you working confidently in Soundtrack P ro.
1 7 1 Star ting Y our P rojec t and Assembling Media In Soundtrack Pro, you can create audio projects for a v ariet y of uses: audio for video and film, submixes f or DVD and other video needs, sound design, podcasts, and more .
8 Chapter 1 Starting Your Project and Assembling Media Opening Soundtrack P ro The Soundtrack P ro interface is divided into several panes, each of which contains multiple tabs.
Chapter 1 Starting Your Project and Assembling Media 9 Setting Up Y our Comput er ’ s Audio Syst em The sound from your a udio files is output through the speaker or headphone jack that comes with your comput er .
10 Chapter 1 Starting Your Project and Assembling Media Creating a New Multitrack P roject A multitrack project contains multiple audio files and an optional video clip . Multitrack projects are used exclusively b y Soundtrack Pro and are c ompatible with other Final C ut Studio applications.
Chapter 1 Starting Your Project and Assembling Media 11 T o set a projec t’ s sample r ate: m Choose a value from the Sample Rate pop-up menu . T o configure other project proper ties, including metadata and music settings: m Click the Project tab and ent er settings for your project.
12 Chapter 1 Starting Your Project and Assembling Media Assembling Media in Soundtrack P ro Now that you ’ve created y our project and configured its settings, it’ s time to assemble y our media files.
Chapter 1 Starting Your Project and Assembling Media 13 By default, an y file you select will play automatically . T o turn preview selection off , deselect the “Preview on selection ” button. Then you can pr eview a selected file manually by clicking the Play button.
14 Chapter 1 Starting Your Project and Assembling Media 2 Select a k eyword . The files that contain the keyword you selected appear in the list at the bottom of the Search tab . If you want to listen t o an audio file, select it and then click the Play butt on in the bottom-left corner of the Search tab .
Chapter 1 Starting Your Project and Assembling Media 15 Indexing Y our P ersonal Media F iles The audio files that c ome with Soundtrack Pro are alr eady indexed and ready to search.
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2 17 2 Assembling Y our Multitr ack Pr ojec t Y ou star t building a multitrack projec t by arranging the project’ s audio file s on tracks in the Timeline. As y ou arrange the clips, you can cut, crossfade , and otherwise edit them in the Timeline.
18 Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project W orking with Multitrack Pr ojec ts Y ou build a multitrack projec t in the Soundtrack Pro Timeline. The Timeline contains tracks for arranging files; a.
Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project 19 Each track in this multitrack project has a surround panner that feeds int o one of the three surround submix es. These submix es are then routed to the Master bus , which feeds an 8-channel audio in ter face that connects to six surround sound speakers.
20 Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project T o stop playback: m Pr ess the Space bar again. Here are a few mor e keyboard shor tcuts to use for playing a multitrack pr oject. As you know , you should sa ve your project and save it often! A Soundtrack P ro multitrack project (.
Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project 21 T o save your project: 1 Choose File > Sa ve (or press C ommand-S). The Sav e dialog appears. 2 Enter a name f or your file and a location to save it.
22 Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project Creating a Soundtrack P ro Multitrack P roject from a F inal Cut P ro Sequence Y ou can selec t one or more audio clips or entire sequenc es in Final C ut Pro and send them to Soundtrack P ro as a multitrack project.
Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project 23 Adding Clips t o the Timeline A typical Soundtrack Pro multitrack project contains multiple a udio clips on several audio tracks. It can also contain one video file on the video track. After you add an audio clip t o a multitrack project, you may want to modify it.
24 Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project If you have a video file f or your project, it’ s easy to add it to y our project ’ s video track. Y ou can add one QuickTime movie (or a file in an y other video format that Quick Time suppor ts) to the video track.
Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project 25 T o move a clip on a track: m Drag the clip left or right on the track, or up or down to another track. T o change the length of a clip: m Place the pointer at the edge of the clip and then drag it left or right.
26 Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project T o cut all clips down the length of the Timeline: 1 Select the Blade All tool in the T oolbar . The pointer bec omes a double blade. 2 P osition the double blade pointer at the location in the Timeline where y ou want to vertically cut, then click.
Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project 27 T o add a marker to the Timeline: 1 P osition the playhead where you wan t the marker . 2 Do one of the following: Â Choose Mark > Set End of Project. Â Click the Add Time Marker or Add Beat Marker button in the T oolbar .
28 Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project Creating a F ade in an Audio Clip It ’ s simple to add a fade t o an audio clip. Af ter the fade is placed , you can use the F ade Selector HUD to reshape it as appropriate .
Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project 29 Adding a Cr ossfade Between T wo Clips A crossfade creates a smooth, ev en transition between two ov erlapping audio clips by blending the crossfaded area together . Cr ossfades are often used to reduce the sudden changes in loudness that can result betw een clips.
30 Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project Adding T racks , Busses , and Submix es to a Multitrack P roject T racks, busse s, and submixes ar e all organized in rows in the Timeline and they all function in a similar way . Y ou can add multiple tracks, busses , and submixes to a project and change both their look and some of their functions.
Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project 31 T o change the icon for a track, bus, or submix: 1 Double-click the icon. The icon menu appears. 2 Select an icon to represent the track, bus , or submix. The icon you selected replac es the previous icon.
32 Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project W orking with Stereo and Surround T rack P anners By default, tracks in Soundtrack P ro are set to stereo (tw o-channel) panning.
Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project 33 T o switch a track or bus panner to surround: m Contr ol-click the track or bus, then choose Use Surround P anner from the shortcut menu.
34 Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project T o adjust surround panning on a track: m Move the puck to det ermine where the sound goes. Surround sound creates a sense of pers pective by placing sounds in circular space; therefore , adjusting panning changes where the sound goes .
Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project 35 T o learn mor e about the Surround P anner HUD , including how to use its advanced controls , see the Soundtrack Pro User Manual . Important: Using a surround panner on a track is just one st ep in achieving a surround signal output.
36 Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project Y ou can easily create multiple submixes of the same project by adding busses and submixes and then r outing the appropriate tracks through them.
Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project 37  Specialized , a collection of effects which help you reduce noise or add high frequency components or bass signals  Utility , a collection of effec.
38 Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project 3 The effect’ s A dvanced Settings window appears. If necessary , adjust the effect, then click the Adv anced Settings window ’ s close button.
Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project 39 Automa ting T rack, Bus, Submix, and Master Bus P arameters with Env elope P oints Each track, bus, and submix in your Timeline , as well as your pr ojec t’ s Master bus, has a set of env elopes for volume , pan, and other parameters.
40 Chapter 2 Assembling Your Multitrack Project Here are more wa ys to work with env elopes and envelope poin ts. T o do this Do this T o select an envelope poin t  Click it.
3 41 3 W ork ing with Individual Audio F iles In Chapter 2, you learned how t o assemble and arrange files in a multitrack project. This chapter explains how Soundtrack P ro processe s different audio file s and how to edit and apply effects to a single audio file .
42 Chapter 3 Working with Individual Audio Files When editing an individual audio file , some edits, including normalizing or amplifying levels, applying eff ects, and applying noise, pop , and click reduction, are applied as nondestructive actions. Actions can be reordered , turned on or off , and removed at an y time using the Actions tab .
Chapter 3 Working with Individual Audio Files 43 Editing F iles Tha t Are Associated with a Multitrack P roject in the F ile Editor T ab Y ou can nondestruc tively edit and apply effects to audio file s used in a multitrack project in the File Edit or tab.
44 Chapter 3 Working with Individual Audio Files T o open a file (or the file a clip refers to) in the File E ditor tab , do one of the following: m Click the file. When the file (or clip that ref ers to a file) is selected in the Timeline, it appears in the File E ditor tab below the Timeline.
Chapter 3 Working with Individual Audio Files 45 T o open an audio file project or other single audio file in the File Edit or project view , do one of the following: m Double-click a file in the Browser , Search, or F avorites tab . m Open a file from F inal Cut Pro or another a udio application.
46 Chapter 3 Working with Individual Audio Files  Update Multitrack P rojects: If y ou have used a file associated with the multitrack project you are saving in one or mor e multitrack projects, Soundtrack Pro can replace every instance of the old file with the file you are currently sa ving.
Chapter 3 Working with Individual Audio Files 47 Adding P roce sses and Effects to a F ile with Actions When you add a proce ss or effect, like EQ or reverb , to an audio file , it is applied as an action.
48 Chapter 3 Working with Individual Audio Files When you add an action, it automatically appears abov e the Action Inser t bar . Here are some easy ways t o work with actions. Deselecting an action’ s checkbox turns the action off. The Action Insert bar determines where new actions are inserted.
Chapter 3 Working with Individual Audio Files 49 Fla ttening an Actions List Y ou can flatten all the ac tions in an Actions list into a single action. Flatt ening ac tions renders the actions into the file , reducing the file’ s complexity and size.
50 Chapter 3 Working with Individual Audio Files Using the F ile Editor T ools The F ile Editor tab and the File E ditor project view have their own special t oolsets for per forming precise wa veform edits. Scrubbing a F ile When you scrub an audio file , you play through it , hearing the audio at an accelerated or decelerated speed .
Chapter 3 Working with Individual Audio Files 51 T o scrub a file: 1 Select the Scrub tool at the top-left corner of the File Editor . The pointer bec omes a scrubber . 2 Drag the scrubber left or right in the File Editor or Timeline. The file plays at an accelerated rat e.
52 Chapter 3 Working with Individual Audio Files Zooming In to a F ile Like the Timeline, the F ile Editor has a Zoom slider to help y ou see the details of your file. It also has a Zoom tool. T o zoom in to a file: m Drag the Zoom slider at the bottom of the F ile Editor .
Chapter 3 Working with Individual Audio Files 53 Editing a F ile’ s Samples While most edits don ’t require moving sample s individually , some sound editors pref er to work at the sample level. Y ou can easily edit the individual samples of an audio file, changing the amplitude of one or several samples.
54 Chapter 3 Working with Individual Audio Files T o edit a file’ s samples: 1 In the File E ditor project view , use the Zoom tool or drag the Zoom slider t o zoom in to the file and reveal its wa veform ’ s samples. 2 Select the Sample Edit tool at the top-left corner of the File Edit or .
Chapter 3 Working with Individual Audio Files 55 Time Stretching an A udio File Time stretching a section of an audio file alters its length. Time stret ching is par ticularly useful when editing dialogue because you can alter the timing of the dialogue without affecting its pitch.
56 Chapter 3 Working with Individual Audio Files Editing a F ile in Fr equenc y Spectrum View In some editing situations, you ma y want to view a file ’ s frequency spectrum instead of its wavef orm. For example , if you ’ re looking for a specific frequency of camera noise, you can easily find it using F requency Spec trum view .
4 57 4 Solving Audio P roblems Audio files are sometime s less than per fect. Y ou can correct annoying clicks, hum, and other file problems you find in your a udio files with the Soundtrack Pr o Analyze and Repair feature . In this chapter , you ’ll learn about: Â Analyzing and Fixing P roblems in an Audio F ile (p.
58 Chapter 4 Solving Audio Problems T o analyze an audio file for problems: 1 Select the file in the Timeline t o display it in the F ile Editor . If you want to analyze just a section of the file , select just that sec tion in the File Edit or tab.
Chapter 4 Solving Audio Problems 59 Soundtrack Pr o analyzes the file and then reports each problem it detects in the analysis results list. It also marks the problem area of the wav eform in red . Â Status: Indicates whether the problem exists or has been fix ed.
60 Chapter 4 Solving Audio Problems T o fix all the problems displayed in the an alysis results list: m Click the Fix All butt on. The problems are fix ed in the wavef orm, and the pr oblems’ status in the analysis results list changes to F ixed . T o fix problems one at a time: 1 Select the problem you want to fix in the analysis results list.
5 61 5 Mixing Stereo and Surround P rojects Mixing involve s balancing the items in a project to create a full, complete sound . This chapter takes you through a simple mixing proc ess to teach you the basic principles of mixing. In this chapter , you ’ll learn about: Â F undamentals of Mixing (p.
62 Chapter 5 Mixing Stereo and Surround Projects W orking in the Soundtrack Pr o Mixer In the Soundtrack Pr o M ixer tab , you can easily compar e and adjust volume for each track, bus, and submix. If you ’ d rather work with a floating Mixer window , you can drag the Mixer tab off to displa y a separate Mixer window .
Chapter 5 Mixing Stereo and Surround Projects 63 Â Y ou can set a track ’ s volume using the v er tical volume fader or by entering a number in the volume value slider . Â Y ou can route a track, bus, or submix channel using the pop-up menu at the bottom of the channel.
64 Chapter 5 Mixing Stereo and Surround Projects Steps f or M ixing a Pr ojec t This section takes you through a generic mixing proce ss for a film project made of voiceov er , dialogue , effects, and music tracks.
Chapter 5 Mixing Stereo and Surround Projects 65 2 P an, or move , each of the soloed main voice tracks to cent er (0). 3 Play the primary voice tracks again. How does the pla yback sound? 4 Adjust the panning as appropriate f or your mix, depending on the type of panner the tracks have and the location fr om which you want the sound to emerge .
66 Chapter 5 Mixing Stereo and Surround Projects T o mix the dialogue tracks (Dialog 1 and Dialog 2): m Repeat the mixing process f or the other voice tracks in your project. F or the Cafe project shown in this example, you would repeat the process on the Dialog 1 and Dialog 2 tracks.
Chapter 5 Mixing Stereo and Surround Projects 67 T o mix an effects or music track: 1 Solo the first of your effects and music tracks (in this example , the first FX track), then adjust its pan to cent er and play the track.
68 Chapter 5 Mixing Stereo and Surround Projects T o make changes to the overall mix: 1 Pr ess Shift-Return to play your project. Listen to it. Does it need an y final adjustments? F or this example, a compre ssor will be added to the Cafe project’ s submix track to even out the final mix.
Chapter 5 Mixing Stereo and Surround Projects 69 The compressor is added t o the Effects list in the Effects tab; it also appears in the Effects list in the submix track in the Timeline and in the Mixer . 4 Pr ess Shift-Return to play your project again.
70 Chapter 5 Mixing Stereo and Surround Projects Corr ec ting Clipping on the Master Bus or for Exported Items Clipping occurs whenever the output displa yed in the level meters ex ceeds zero decibels (0 dB). Because Soundtrack P ro uses floating point digital audio , clipping only needs to be corrected on a multitrack project’ s Master bus.
Chapter 5 Mixing Stereo and Surround Projects 71 T o listen to a temporary mono mix: m Pr ess Shift-Return to play your project from the beginning , then click the Mono M ix button, located to the right of the Monitor V olume slider and to the left of the transport controls.
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6 73 6 Expor ting Y our Multitrack P roject This chapter explains three wa ys to expor t a project: as a final mix, as sev eral split mixes , and as a podcast.
74 Chapter 6 Exporting Your Multitrack Project The Export Dialog The Export dialog in Soundtrack Pro is a flexible tool that pro vides numerous options for your w orkflow and distribution needs. Â Preset pop-up menu: Create custom export presets with any combination of exported items, file types, bit depths, sample rates, and post-export actions.
Chapter 6 Exporting Your Multitrack Project 75 Expor ting a F inal M ix Here ’ s a set of basic export instructions to expor t a completed multitrack project. Make sure that the multitrack project you want to export is open and ready to be exported.
76 Chapter 6 Exporting Your Multitrack Project Expor ting a Submix Y ou can also easily expor t submixes of your multitrack project. The standard s plits for creating multiple language tracks on DVDs .
Chapter 6 Exporting Your Multitrack Project 77 If you have F inal Cut P ro installed on your system, the multitrack project automatically opens as a sequence in F inal Cut Pro , with the mixdo wn correctly positioned in the Timeline and the original audio tracks muted .
78 Chapter 6 Exporting Your Multitrack Project 3 T o add a podcast marker , cut the clip with the Blade t ool. a Select the Blade tool. b Click the clip; as you click, a podcast marker appears. Each mark er defines a chapter . c Add any nec essar y details for the podcast marker in the Details tab.
Chapter 6 Exporting Your Multitrack Project 79 7 If you want to export the video with the podcast, click the P odcast button and then select V ideo T rack. 8 When you ’ re ready , click Export. The podcast appears in the location you s pecified. There ’ s a lot mor e you can do with podcasts.
80 Chapter 6 Exporting Your Multitrack Project T o save a project and its media files together: 1 Choose File > Sa ve As. 2 Enter a name f or your multitrack project in the Save As field . 3 In the Save dialog , create a new f older to hold the collected project files.
7 81 7 What ’ s Nex t? More Soundtrack P ro Re sources Now that you ’ve completed this guided t our , you should ha ve a basic understanding of what you can do with Soundtrack P ro. There is much more inf ormation available f or you to learn about using Soundtrack Pr o.
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83 Appendix An Intr oduc tion to the Soundtrack P ro In ter face This appendix provide s an overview of the Soundtrack Pro in ter face—the tabs, buttons , pop-up menus, and other elements that make up Soundtrack P ro. In this appendix, you ’ll learn about: Â W orking with T abs (p.
84 Appendix An Introduction to the Soundtrack Pro Interface W orking with T abs Soundtrack Pr o is a collection of tabbed workspaces. Y ou can hide and display the right , left, and lower panes of the Soundtrack P ro workspac e using the inter face buttons in the top-right corner of the T oolbar .
Appendix An Introduction to the Soundtrack Pro Interface 85 The tabs to the right of the Timeline include the output and recor ding meters, which are used for monitoring a udio output, and the Browser , Search, and F avorite s tabs, where you can locate and sear ch for audio files on your har d disk, por table drives, and other storage volumes .
86 Appendix An Introduction to the Soundtrack Pro Interface The F ile Editor Y ou can view an individual clip in the File Editor tab or in the F ile Editor project view .
Appendix An Introduction to the Soundtrack Pro Interface 87 The Multitake Edit or The Multitake Editor is a pow er ful tool used for mixing and syncing multitake recordings and a utomatic dialogue replacement (ADR). The Multitake Editor tab is not cov ered in this Getting Star ted book.
88 Appendix An Introduction to the Soundtrack Pro Interface The Mixer When you click the Mixer tab , a project Mixer like the one shown below appears. It contains a channel f or each track in your project. T racks and busses con tain the same controls: an Effects list, a panner , playback and volume contr ols, and a Routing pop-up menu.
Appendix An Introduction to the Soundtrack Pro Interface 89 The Bin The Bin tab lists information about each of the it ems in ever y open project. The Bin also features sort and search functions to help you locate an item in an y open project. Y ou can use this tab to track the files and clips in your pr ojec t, get file information, and so on.
90 Appendix An Introduction to the Soundtrack Pro Interface T abs in the Left P ane The tabs at the left of the Timeline reveal details about v arious par ts of your project. If your multitrack project contains a video clip , it is display ed in the V ideo tab .
Appendix An Introduction to the Soundtrack Pro Interface 91 T abs in the Right Pane Y ou can view audio meters, recor d audio, and br owse, index, find , and organize your audio clips using the Meters , Rec ording, Br owser , Search, and F a vorites tabs.
92 Appendix An Introduction to the Soundtrack Pro Interface Arranging the Soundtrack P ro Interface Soundtrack Pr o is customizable: y ou can rearrange the Soundtrack Pro tabs , hide and display ar eas of the inter face, and sa ve custom Soundtrack P ro layouts.
Appendix An Introduction to the Soundtrack Pro Interface 93 Customizing Y our Interface Y ou can choose to display any tab in Soundtrack P ro in its own window . T o put any Soundtrack Pro tab in its o wn floating window: m Drag the tab off its location in the Soundtrack Pro in ter face.
94 Appendix An Introduction to the Soundtrack Pro Interface Saving Y our O wn Custom La youts If you find yourself working in a particular inter face layout, y ou can save it. Then, instead of showing and hiding int er face elements to create the lay out, you can access it later by choosing the lay out ’ s name.
Un point important après l'achat de l'appareil (ou même avant l'achat) est de lire le manuel d'utilisation. Nous devons le faire pour quelques raisons simples:
Si vous n'avez pas encore acheté Apple 2 c'est un bon moment pour vous familiariser avec les données de base sur le produit. Consulter d'abord les pages initiales du manuel d'utilisation, que vous trouverez ci-dessus. Vous devriez y trouver les données techniques les plus importants du Apple 2 - de cette manière, vous pouvez vérifier si l'équipement répond à vos besoins. Explorant les pages suivantes du manuel d'utilisation Apple 2, vous apprendrez toutes les caractéristiques du produit et des informations sur son fonctionnement. Les informations sur le Apple 2 va certainement vous aider à prendre une décision concernant l'achat.
Dans une situation où vous avez déjà le Apple 2, mais vous avez pas encore lu le manuel d'utilisation, vous devez le faire pour les raisons décrites ci-dessus,. Vous saurez alors si vous avez correctement utilisé les fonctions disponibles, et si vous avez commis des erreurs qui peuvent réduire la durée de vie du Apple 2.
Cependant, l'un des rôles les plus importants pour l'utilisateur joués par les manuels d'utilisateur est d'aider à résoudre les problèmes concernant le Apple 2. Presque toujours, vous y trouverez Troubleshooting, soit les pannes et les défaillances les plus fréquentes de l'apparei Apple 2 ainsi que les instructions sur la façon de les résoudre. Même si vous ne parvenez pas à résoudre le problème, le manuel d‘utilisation va vous montrer le chemin d'une nouvelle procédure – le contact avec le centre de service à la clientèle ou le service le plus proche.
