Manuel d'utilisation / d'entretien du produit 54e pH/ORP du fabricant Emerson
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Model 54e pH/ORP pH/ORP HART ® Analyzer/Contr oller Instruction Manual 51-54epH/rev .G February 2006.
ESSENTIAL INSTRUCTIONS READ THIS P AGE BEFORE PROCEEDING! Rosemount Analytical designs, manufactures, and tests its products to meet many national and international st an- dards.
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MODEL 54e pH/ORP T ABLE OF CONTENTS MODEL 54E PH/ORP MICROPROCESSOR ANAL YZER T ABLE OF CONTENTS Section Title Page 1.0 DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICA TIONS ................................................................ 1 1.1 General Description ........
Section Title Page 6.0 THEOR Y OF OPERA TION ...................................................................................... 45 6.1 The pH Sensor Assembly ........................................................................................ 45 6.
iii MODEL 54e pH/ORP T ABLE OF CONTENTS T ABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED) LIST OF FIGURES Figure No. Title Page 1-1 Main Display Screen ............................................................................. 1 2-1 W all Mounting ...................
1 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 1.0 DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICA TIONS SECTION 1.0 DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICA TIONS 1.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The Model 54e pH/ORP analyzer/controller monitors and controls pH in chemical processes used in many industries.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 1.0 DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICA TIONS 1.3 SPECIFICA TIONS PHYSICAL SPECIFICA TIONS - GENERAL Enclosure: Epoxy-painted aluminum, NEMA 4X (IP65) , 144 X 144 X 132 mm, DIN size (5.7 X 5.7 X 5.2 in.) Front Panel: Membrane keyboard with tactile feedback and user select able security .
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 1.0 DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICA TIONS The Model 54e when configured as a pH analyzer , requires a dual (glass and reference) impedance pre- amplifier (patent pending). This preamp converts the high impedance pH glass electrode signal to a low impedance signal.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 1.0 DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICA TIONS 4 1.4 ORDERING INFORMA TION The Model 54e pH/ORP Microprocessor Analyzer is housed in a rugged, NEMA 4X (IP65) epoxy- painted cast aluminum enclosure. S t andard features include a back-lit dot-matrix liquid crystal display , sensor diagnostics, dual isolated outputs, and four relays.
5 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 2.0 INST ALLA TION SECTION 2.0 INST ALLA TION This section is for installation of the controller . W ARNING All electrical installation must conform to the National Electrical Code, all state and local codes, and all plant codes and standards for electrical equipment.
6 FIGURE 2-2. Pipe Mounting MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 2.0 INST ALLA TION FIGURE 2-3. Panel Mounting 2.3.4 Panel Mounting: The controller is designed to fit into a 5.43 x 5.43 inch (DIN standard 137.9 x137.9 mm) p anel cutout (Figure 2-3). Installation requires both front and rear access.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 3.0 WIRING SECTION 3.0 WIRING 3.1 GENERAL W ARNING All electrical installation must conform to the National Electrical Code, all state and local codes, and all plant codes and standards for electrical equipment. All electrical installations must be supervised by a qualified and respon- sible plant electrician.
8 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 3.0 WIRING FIGURE 3-1. Power Input and Relay Output Wiring for Model 54e pH/ORP DWG . NO. REV . 454EPH02 D.
9 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 3.0 WIRING pH SENSOR COMP A TIBILITY The following sensors contain solution grounds: Models 381+, 385+, 396P , 396R The use of these sensors will allow both glass and ref- erence diagnostics. Figure 3-3 shows how these sensors should be wired.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 3.0 WIRING 10 FIGURE 3-3. Sensor Wiring Diagram DWG . NO. REV . 454EPH01 C.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 3.0 WIRING T o prepare the cable for sensor wiring: 1. Use only the cable specified. Figure 3-4 shows the 10 conductor cable with 3 shields (9200273). 2. S trip back the PVC jacket 4 in. or far enough to access the eleven screw terminals in the junc- tion box, or the eleven terminals in the con- troller .
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 3.0 WIRING 3.6 FINAL ELECTRICAL CHECK When all wiring is completed, apply power to the con- troller . Observe the controller for any questionable behavior and remove power if you see a problem. With the pH sensor in the process, the display will show a pH value (though it may not be accurate).
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 3.0 WIRING FIGURE 3-8. Wiring to Model 399-14 13.
14 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 4.0 CALIBRA TION SECTION 4.0 CALIBRA TION The following procedures are described in this section: • T emperature Calibration (Section 4.1) • Auto Buf fer (T wo-Point) Calibration (Section 4.2) • Manual T wo-Point Calibration (Section 4.
4.1 TEMPERA TURE CALIBRA TION MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 4.0 CALIBRA TION This procedure is used to ensure an accurate temperature measurement by the temperature sensor .
16 4.2 AUTOMA TIC TWO-POINT CALIBRA TION MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 4.0 CALIBRA TION The two-point calibration is performed when the controller is initially installed and whenever element s of the sensor assembly or controller are replaced. The two-point calibration re-est ablishes the slope of the elec- trode.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 4.0 CALIBRA TION 3. A screen like the one on the left will appear after stabilization. Use the arrow keys to select the correct buffer . If the correct buffer does not appear , refer to Section 5.9 and select a buffer group that includes the desired buf fers.
18 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 4.0 CALIBRA TION This procedure is followed if Autocal is set to "Manual" in Section 5.9. Buffer values are entered manually and no st abilization check is used. 1. From the main display , press any key to obtain the main menu.
4.4 SINGLE-POINT pH CALIBRA TION MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 4.0 CALIBRA TION A single-point calibration (standardization) should always be performed following a two-point calibration. It may have to be performed as often as once a day to ensure that the sensor is accurately reading pH.
20 4.5 TEMPERA TURE COMPENSA TION OPTIONS 4.6 pH SLOPE ADJUSTMENT MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 4.0 CALIBRA TION Automatic T emperature Compensation is a standard option for pH equip- ment and is used in virtually all pH measurement situations.
4.7 HOLD MODE 4.8 TRIM OUTPUTS MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 4.0 CALIBRA TION Placing the Controller on Hold for Maintenance. Before performing main- tenance or repair of the sensor , the Controller can be placed in hold (refer to Section 5.6 to enable this feature) to prevent process upset s while the reading is off-line.
22 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION This section contains the following: • An introduction to using the configuration process • A List of .
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION ITEM RANGES F ACTOR Y SETTINGS USER SETTINGS 2b. Output 1 Setup (PID) (a) Setpoint -2 to 16 pH or -15 to 130°C 7 pH _______ (b) Proportional 0-299.9% 100.0% _______ (c) Integral 0-2999 sec 0 sec _______ (d) Derivative 0-299.
24 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION T ABLE 5-1. pH Settings List (continued) ITEM RANGES F ACTOR Y SETTINGS USER SETTINGS 5. Alarm 3 Control (a) Activation Method Process/T emp Process _______ (b) Alarm 3 Control Mode Normal/TPC Normal _______ 6a.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION Accessing Calibrate, Program and Configure Menus. Operating configuration changes are made at the levels shown in Figure 5-1. Pressing any key from the main dis- play will access the main menu (top left).
26 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION 5.1 CHANGING ALARM SETPOINTS This section describes how the three alarm setpoints can be changed. Move the cursor down by pressing the arrow key . 1. From the main menu, move the cursor down to "Program" and press Enter (F4).
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION 5.2 CHANGING OUTPUT SETPOINTS (PID ONL Y) This section describes how the two output setpoints can be changed. This selection is only active if the current output control mode has been set to "PID" (see Section 5.
28 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION 5.3 CHANGING OUTPUT SETPOINTS (NORMAL ONL Y) This section describes how the 4 (or 0) to 20 mA current outputs can be reranged. Note that the current outputs can be configured to represent pH, temperature, glass impedance, or reference impedance.
T est output 1: 10.00 mA Esc T est T est output 1: 10.00 mA Simulating output1 Exit Edit MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION 5.4 TESTING OUTPUTS AND ALARMS This section describes how the current outputs and alarm relays can be manually set for the purposes of checking devices such as valves, pumps, or recorders.
30 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION 5.4 TESTING OUTPUTS AND ALARMS (continued) 3b. The alarm relay is now being simulated. In the example to the lef t, alarm 1 has been set to Open. This means that the relay is not ener- gized (i.
3. Menu Item Options Output 1 units mA/% Output 2 units mA/% Language English/Français/Español/Deut sch/Italiano Press the arrow key three times to access this screen. The current out- puts can be displayed as milliamp s or as percent of full scale.
32 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION 5.5 CHOOSING DISPLA Y OPTIONS (CONTINUED) 4. This screen allows you to choose the items displayed on the third line left and right of the main display screen. The process temperature and output 1 value (in mA or %) are always shown on line 2 of the main display .
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION 5.6 CHANGING OUTPUT P ARAMETERS This section describes the options available for configuration of the out- puts. Each output can be configured to represent pH (or ORP/Redox, see Appendix A), temperature, glass impedance, or reference impedance.
34 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION 5.6 CHANGING OUTPUT P ARAMETERS (continued) 4a. Menu Item Options Range 4-20mA/0-20mA Dampen(ing) 0-299 sec Hold Last value/fixed value Fixed Hold (if Output 1 hold is "fixed value") 0-22.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION "Proportional" is short for Proportional Band and indicates the range over which control is being used.
36 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION 5.7 CHANGING ALARM P ARAMETERS This section describes the options available for configuration of the alarms. Alarms 1, 2, and 3 can be activated on pH (or ORP/Redox, see Appendix A), or temperature.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION 5.7 CHANGING ALARM P ARAMETERS (continued) Alarm Control Parameters Alarm Setup Parameters (for Normal Alarms only) 3. Menu Item Options Activation Method Process/T emperature Control Mode Normal/TPC Alarms 1, 2, and 3 can each be configured with the options above.
38 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION 5.7 CHANGING ALARM P ARAMETERS (continued) Alarm Setup Parameters (for TPC Alarms) 4b. Menu Item Options Set point -2 to 20 pH, -1400 to +1400 mV(ORP/Redox) Proportional 0-299.9 % Integral 0-2999 sec Derivative 0-299.
Feed Limit Timer Setup Feed limit: Disable T imeout: 3600 sec Exit Edit 6. Menu Item Options Feed limit (timer) Disable/AL1/AL2/AL3 T imeout 0-10,800 sec The controller allows configuring one of the alarms as a Feed Limit timer .
40 Interval Timer Setup MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION 5.7 CHANGING ALARM P ARAMETERS (continued) 7. Menu Item Options T imer (enable) Disable/AL1/AL2/AL3 Interval 0-999.
FIGURE 5-2. Interval Timer Examples MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION 5.7 CHANGING ALARM P ARAMETERS (continued) RELA Y ACTIV A TION TIME Interval (hr) Recovery (sec) “On” T im.
42 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION 5.8 ON-LINE DIAGNOSTICS SETUP 2. Menu Item Option Related Fault Messages Diagnostics On/Off Glass impedance 1-2000 M Ω “Aged glass warning.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION 5.8 ON-LINE DIAGNOSTICS SETUP (continued) 5.9 AUTO CALIBRA TION SETUP 2. Menu Item Options Autocal S t andard/ DIN 19267/ Manual S t abilize pH 0.01-0.50 pH S t abilize time 0-30 sec The values now being used by the controller are displayed.
44 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 5.0 SOFTW ARE CONFIGURA TION 5.9 AUTO CALIBRA TION SETUP (continued) Buffer V alue @ 25°C St andards Referenced Buffer Composition Factory Configured 1.68 NIST , DIN 19266, JIS 8802 0.05M K tetroxalate 3.56 NIST , BSM KH tartrate (sat’d @ 25°C) 3.
45 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 6.0 THEOR Y OF OPERA TION SECTION 6.0 THEOR Y OF OPERA TION 6.1 THE pH SENSOR ASSEMBL Y The pH measurement is accomplished by means of a measuring electrode (usually made of glass) which develops a potential directly related to the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of the solution in which the elec- trode is immersed.
46 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 6.0 THEOR Y OF OPERA TION A new glass electrode has an impedance of approxi- mately 200 megohms As it ages, this value typically increases over time because lithium ions (which carry current) in the glass are slowly depleted by the process.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 6.0 THEOR Y OF OPERA TION 6.4 ALARM RELA YS An alarm is a relay that closes a set of contact point s (a switch) inside the controller . In doing so, the relay clos- es an electrical circuit and turns on a device wired to the contact s.
48 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 6.0 THEOR Y OF OPERA TION TPC offers precise control by forcing the pump to feed chemical for shorter periods of time as you approach the desired setpoint. If the process faces a large upset, TPC mode forces the pump to feed chemical for longer periods of time as the process deviates further from the setpoint.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 6.0 THEOR Y OF OPERA TION 6.8 CONTROLLER MODE PRIORITY Y our Model 54e pH/ORP can function in dif ferent modes depending on both how it is configured, what process conditions exist, and actions an operator may have made.
50 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 6.0 THEOR Y OF OPERA TION 6.9 PID CONTROL (CODE -20) PID Control The Model 54e pH/ORP current output s can be pro- grammed for PID control. PID control is used with a control device which is capable of varying it s output from 0 to 100 percent in response to a changing sig- nal in milliamps.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 6.0 THEOR Y OF OPERA TION 6.9 PID CONTROL (continued) Proportional Mode (Gain) The simplest control is proportional. Proportional may also be referred to as sensitivity or gain.
52 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 6.0 THEOR Y OF OPERA TION 6.9 PID CONTROL (continued) Process Reaction Curve Method A PID loop can be tuned using the Process Reaction Curve Method.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 6.0 THEOR Y OF OPERA TION 6.9 PID CONTROL (continued) 5. The reaction of the system, when graphed, will resemble Figure 6-2, showing a change in the measured variable over the change in time. After a period of time (the process delay time), the meas- ured variable will start to increase (or decrease) rapidly .
54 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 7.0 SPECIAL PROCEDURES AND FEA TURES SECTION 7.0 SPECIAL PROCEDURES AND FEA TURES This section covers features of the Model 54e pH/ORP controller that are used less frequently . Use of the features outlined in the appendix is optional.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 7.0 SPECIAL PROCEDURES AND FEA TURES 7.2 CONFIGURING SECURITY Security clearance is required at the following security "gates". Users without the security code will only be able to use the features indicated in parentheses: I.
56 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 7.0 SPECIAL PROCEDURES AND FEA TURES 7.3 SOLUTION TEMPERA TURE COMPENSA TION This section is for advanced users only . It explains how to input values for: • the isopotential pH and • the temperature coefficient for solution temperature compensation.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 7.0 SPECIAL PROCEDURES AND FEA TURES 7.3 SOLUTION TEMPERA TURE COMPENSA TION (continued) 2. Menu Item Options T emperature coefficient -0.044 to 0.028 pH/°C (0.00 for most applications) Operating isopotential -1.35 to 20.12 pH (7.
58 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 8.0 TROUBLESHOOTING SECTION 8.0 TROUBLESHOOTING The Model 54e pH/ORP automatically searches for fault conditions that would cause an error in the meas- ured pH reading. If such a condition occurs, the current outputs and alarm relays will act as configured in Section 5.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 8.0 TROUBLESHOOTING T ABLE 8-1. Diagnostic Messages Diagnostic Messages Description of problem "Cracked glass failure" Broken or cracked glass electrode "Zero offset error" * Reference electrode poisoned. "High reference imped" 1.
60 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 8.0 TROUBLESHOOTING T ABLE 8-2. Quick T roubleshooting Guide SYMPTOM ACTION pH reading won't change in different buf fers. Clean the electrode, check wiring. Replace electrode. "Cracked glass failure". 1. Replace electrode if cracked.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 8.0 TROUBLESHOOTING 8.1 DISPLA YING DIAGNOSTIC V ARIABLES This section explains how these helpful diagnostics can be viewed: 1. Electrode input in mV : Used to check if the signal produced by the sensor is within acceptable limit s (see Figure 8-1 for typical sensor mV response at 25°C).
62 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 8.0 TROUBLESHOOTING FIGURE 8-1. Theoretical pH vs. Millivolt V alues at 25°C (77°F).
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 8.0 TROUBLESHOOTING 8.2 TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDELINES NOTE T o clear any Fault message, press the 2 key . If no specific error message is being displayed, the fol- lowing procedure can identify the specific problem.
64 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 8.0 TROUBLESHOOTING PREAMPLIFIER TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURE Use this procedure when diagnosing the circuit which carries the signal from the sensor . There are 3 sepa- rate procedures, depending on where the preamplifi- er is located.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 8.0 TROUBLESHOOTING FIGURE 8-3. Controller Preamplifier Check FIGURE 8-2. Junction Box Preamplifier Check 65.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 8.0 TROUBLESHOOTING T ABLE 8-3. T roubleshooting Guide T able 8-3 is continued on the following page 66 PROBLEM OR CONDITION PROBABLE CAUSE AND FOR MORE HELP , CORRECTIVE ACTION REFER TO Controller completely inoperative No Power - Wiring, Section 3.
67 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 8.0 TROUBLESHOOTING T ABLE 8-3. T roubleshooting Guide (continued) T able 8-3 is continued on the following page PROBLEM OR CONDITION PROBABLE CAUSE AND FOR MORE HELP , CORRECTIVE ACTION REFER TO Controller "short spans.
68 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 8.0 TROUBLESHOOTING T ABLE 8-3. T roubleshooting Guide (continued) PROBLEM OR CONDITION PROBABLE CAUSE AND FOR MORE HELP , CORRECTIVE ACTION REFER TO Display reads between 3 and Electrode cracked - 6 pH regardless of actual pH Replace electrode.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 8.0 TROUBLESHOOTING 8.3 REPLACEMENT P ARTS P ART NUMBER DESCRIPTION 23540-05 Enclosure, Front with Keyboard 23848-00 Power Supply Circuit Board Shield 23849-00 Half Shield, Po.
70 MODEL 54e pH/ORP SECTION 9.0 RETURN OF MA TERIAL SECTION 9.0 RETURN OF MA TERIAL 9.1 GENERAL. T o expedite the repair and return of instruments, proper communication between the customer and the factory is important. Before returning a product for rep air , call 1-949-757-8500 for a R e t urn Materials Authorization (RMA) number .
MODEL 54e pH/ORP APPENDIX A ORP CONFIGURA TION APPENDIX A ORP CONFIGURA TION QUICK ST ARTUP (ORP) The Model 54e pH/ORP controller comes pre-pro- grammed by the factory as a pH controller . In order to perform a quick startup as an ORP controller , the controller must first be switched to the pre-configured ORP program.
72 MODEL 54e pH/ORP APPENDIX A ORP CONFIGURA TION ITEM CHOICES ORP SETTINGS USER SETTINGS PROGRAM LEVEL (Sections A.2 - A.3) A. Alarm Setpoints (Section A.2) 1. Alarm 1 (low action) -1400 to +1400 mV -1400 mV _______ 2. Alarm 2 (high action) -1400 to +1400 mV +1400 mV _______ 3.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP APPENDIX A ORP CONFIGURA TION ITEM CHOICES ORP SETTINGS USER SETTINGS 2. Alarm 1 Setup (a) Configuration Low alarm/High alarm/Off Low _______ (b) Hysteresis (deadband) 0-500 mV 0 mV _______ (c) Delay T ime 0-99 sec 0 sec _______ (d) Relay Default Open/Closed/None None _______ 3.
74 MODEL 54e pH/ORP APPENDIX A ORP CONFIGURA TION FIGURE A-1. Outline of Menu Levels for ORP PRESS TWO ARROWS b b and then ENTER PRESS ENTER PRESS ARROWS b b PRESS ARROWS b b PRESS ENTER Calibrate Dia.
MODEL 54e pH/ORP APPENDIX A ORP CONFIGURA TION A.1 ORP CALIBRA TION ORP Calibration consist s of a single standardize adjustment that changes the zero offset of the controller . This procedure can be done with the ORP sensor in an ORP st andard solution or with the sensor left in the process and a laboratory analysis of a grab sample.
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W ARRANTY Seller warrants that the firmware will execute the programming instructions provided by Seller , and that the Goods manufactured or Services provided by Seller will be free from defects in materials or workmanship under normal use and care until the expira- tion of the applicable warranty period.
Credit Cards for U.S. Purchases Only . The right people, the right answers, right now . ON-LINE ORDERING NOW A V AILABLE ON OUR WEB SITE http://www .raihome.com Specifications subject to change without notice. Emerson Process Management Liquid Division 2400 Barranca Parkway Irvine, CA 92606 USA T el: (949) 757-8500 Fax: (949) 474-7250 http://www .
Un point important après l'achat de l'appareil (ou même avant l'achat) est de lire le manuel d'utilisation. Nous devons le faire pour quelques raisons simples:
Si vous n'avez pas encore acheté Emerson 54e pH/ORP c'est un bon moment pour vous familiariser avec les données de base sur le produit. Consulter d'abord les pages initiales du manuel d'utilisation, que vous trouverez ci-dessus. Vous devriez y trouver les données techniques les plus importants du Emerson 54e pH/ORP - de cette manière, vous pouvez vérifier si l'équipement répond à vos besoins. Explorant les pages suivantes du manuel d'utilisation Emerson 54e pH/ORP, vous apprendrez toutes les caractéristiques du produit et des informations sur son fonctionnement. Les informations sur le Emerson 54e pH/ORP va certainement vous aider à prendre une décision concernant l'achat.
Dans une situation où vous avez déjà le Emerson 54e pH/ORP, mais vous avez pas encore lu le manuel d'utilisation, vous devez le faire pour les raisons décrites ci-dessus,. Vous saurez alors si vous avez correctement utilisé les fonctions disponibles, et si vous avez commis des erreurs qui peuvent réduire la durée de vie du Emerson 54e pH/ORP.
Cependant, l'un des rôles les plus importants pour l'utilisateur joués par les manuels d'utilisateur est d'aider à résoudre les problèmes concernant le Emerson 54e pH/ORP. Presque toujours, vous y trouverez Troubleshooting, soit les pannes et les défaillances les plus fréquentes de l'apparei Emerson 54e pH/ORP ainsi que les instructions sur la façon de les résoudre. Même si vous ne parvenez pas à résoudre le problème, le manuel d‘utilisation va vous montrer le chemin d'une nouvelle procédure – le contact avec le centre de service à la clientèle ou le service le plus proche.
