Manuel d'utilisation / d'entretien du produit 71501D du fabricant Agilent Technologies
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Agilent 7150 1D Eye-Diagram Analy sis User’ s Guide.
ii © Copyright Agilent T echnologi es 2002 All Rights Reserved. Repro- duction, adaptation, or trans- lation with out pr ior wr itten permi ssi on is pro hib it ed , except as allowed under copy- right laws.
iii General Sa fet y Considera tio ns General Safety Considerat ions This p roduct has been desig ned and tested i n accordance with t he stand ards listed on the Man ufact urer ’ s Declarati on of Conformity , and has been supp lied in a safe condition.
iv Gener al Sa f ety Co nsid era t ions CAUTIO N Fiber -op ti c conne ctor s are easily damage d when conne ct ed to dirty or damaged cables and acce sso ries.
Contents-1 Conten ts 1 Gettin g Starte d Steps for Se tti ng Up Eye- D iagram An aly sis 1-4 2 Applic ation T utoria ls T uto ri al 1: Measure Ey e-Para mete rs 2- 4 T utori al 2: Measure in Opti cal .
Conte nts -2 Conte nts 5 Spe cifi cations a nd Char acte ristic s V ertic al Spe cifica tions 5-3 Input Channel Spe ci ficat io ns 5-4 T rigger Specif icat ions 5-5 T rigger Specif icat ions 5-6 Horiz.
1 Gett ing Star ted.
Gettin g Started Getting Started w ith th e Ey e-D iagram An aly z er Getting Started with the Eye-Diagram Analyzer In t his chap ter , y ou will find informat ion on the f ollowi ng to pics: • Steps for Se tti ng Up Eye- D iagram An aly sis 1-4 • Step 1.
1-3 Gettin g Start ed Getting Started with the Eye-Dia gram Analyzer The custom keypad The eye-diagra m analyzer comes with a cus tom keypad that sn aps into the front pane l of 70004 A displa ys. The key pad gives y ou quick a ccess to common instrument functi ons.
Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis Steps fo r Setting Up Eye- Diagra m Anal ysis 1 Conn ect t he e quipm ent. 2 Load the eye-diagram pers onality. 3 Compl et e th e insta llati on us ing the se lf- g uided sc re e ns. 4 Set up the meas ure m ent condit ions.
1-5 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis Note When us ed with an 71612A /70843, th e syst em requ ires a man ual configur ation.
Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis Eye Mode The e ye mode displ ays tra ces us ing in dividu al dot s in a m a nner tha t is s imilar to conv en tiona l sampli ng oscill o s copes .
1-7 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis Eyeline Mode : Eyeli ne mo de disp la y s conti nuou s trac es . Use this m ode for th e follo w in g: • Meas ur e exti nc t ion .
Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis Pattern Mode Pattern mode di sp lay s th e actu a l P RBS da ta st ream bits. Th is mode us es the patter n tri gger w hi ch al low s the disp l a y to sh ow the sa m e portion of the dat a stre a m f rom swee p to swee p.
1-9 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis Apply software filters in eyeline mode In eyeli ne mode , us er freq ue nc y correc tio ns c a n b e appli ed to the da ta to si m- ulate a hardware transmi ss io n filte r . The eye-diagra m analy z er comes with several Bess el - Th om son filters.
Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis Three sweep sel ec tions are avail a ble • single • continuous • stopped W ith the cont inuous select ion, sweep s occur as so on as the select ed triggeri ng conditions are met and repeat con tinuousl y as long a s the tri gge r cond ition s are met.
1-11 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis These softk eys can also be used to specify an optical-to-el ectrical responsi vity conver sion be twee n the sourc e and inp ut c ha n nels . As a result , the di splay shows op tica l units refer enced to t he inpu t of the opti cal-to-el ectrical con- verter .
Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis Step 1. Connect the Equi pment 70841A/B Pattern Generat or and 70311A Sign al Generat or Modul es 1 If you are usi ng 7084 1A/B pa ttern .
1-13 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis 2 If you are usi ng 7084 1A/B pa ttern g enerator and 70 311A s ignal gene rator modules with your eye-diagra m analyzer, connect cables to the instruments as shown in th e f ollowin g gr aphic.
Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis 4 If the attenu ator conne cted to the 70820A ’ s RF INPUT 2 connector is no t 6 dB, press: T r g,Cal , CH2 EX T A TTEN , then ente r t.
1-15 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis Laser a n d Optica l - to-E lect ric al Conv erter If you have access to a laser and an optical-to-el ect rical con ver te r , use the connectio ns sh own in t he fo llowing figure.
Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis Connectio ns with out a La ser Source an d Conve rt er If a laser source and optical-to -el ect rical conver ter are not available, use the alter na te conn ect ion sh ow n in the fol lo win g fi gure .
1-17 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis If the Program Failed to Load The p rogram has fa iled to load i f one o f the f ollowi ng occu rs: • The mes sag e Please wait... Loading 70874 never sho w s. • The left -sid e softk e y s match th ose sho wn in th e fo l lo win g fi gure .
Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis 3 If th e scre en does not res emble t he above figure, press : msi:, HP-MSIB C ARD , prev menu DISPLAY , Mass Stor age, msi , MEMORY CARD MENU The list o f f iles s hou ld n ow b e dis pla yed.
1-19 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis Step 3. Complete the Installa tion Using the Screen Instru ctions • If the displa yed s creen look s li ke t he figu re o n the left side o f thi s pag e, you r system has be en previo u sly con figur ed.
Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis First Se l f- Guided Sc reen 3 Use th e follo wing sel f-guided screen to ind icate t he 10 M Hz freque ncy reference used. Pres s INTERN L if th e 70820A module is used as the refere nce.
1-21 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis 4 The f ollowi ng sc reen sho uld be displa yed. N otice t hat th e eye-d iagram analyzer ’ s left- side Se tup menu is se le cted. 5 If you have not already conne ct the cables to the instru men ts ’ front pa nels, follow th e ins tructions shown.
Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis the instr ume nts ’ front pa n els, fo ll ow the in st ructio ns sho w n. Otherw ise, proceed wi th “ I f you have not already conne ct th e cables to the instruments ’ front pan els, foll ow th e in struc t ions sh own.
1-23 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis Note Using th e CLOCK OUT t ri gger si gn a l pr ovides faster da t a ac quisit i o n fo r eye - diag rams. If the amplit ude of the t rigger signal is to o large , an o ver -range messa ge is d isplaye d.
Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis Controlli ng an 70841A/B Pattern Generat or When usi ng the 70311A clo ck source (be low 3 Gb/s): This sectio n explains how to display the m enus for the 70 841A/B pattern ge n- erato r .
1-25 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis 70841A/B ap pears. c Press ADJUST ROW , and rotate the knob to move the box t o the row where the 70841A/B appears . d Press ASSIGN BOTH . 4 Use th e disp layed s oftkey menus to set t he pat tern gen erator to th e desired setti n gs.
Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis 3 Turn the di spl ay off and se le ct tr ace one by pr essing : Traces , displ ay ON| OFF OFF , select: , TR1 Move the Measure ment Plane T o move the meas ur ement pl ane, pr ess: Trg,Cal , C H1 EX T ATTE N and enter the atten uati on on channel 1 input.
1-27 Gettin g Start ed Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Anal y sis 3 The eye -diagra m is now ready for use. To restore th e factor y instrumen t preset Restor e the fac t ory ins trum en t prese t.
Gettin g Started Steps for Setti ng Up E ye-Diag ram Analy sis.
2 Application Tutorials.
Applica tion Tu torials Applica tio n Tu to rials Application Tutorials This chapter cont ains nine tutor ials th at introduce impor tant eye-diagram analy zer feat ures. Th e tutori als sho u ld be perf or med in the or de r listed. T o create the data sign al, you will ne ed a pseudo-ran dom binary sequence (PRBS) patt ern gen er ator .
2-3 Applic ation T utorial s Applic ation T utorials Clock Freq: 2.48 832 GHz Clock Ampl : 500 mV Clock Hi-Lvl: 0 V If you ’ re pe rfor ming these tut ori als without the laser so urce and optica l-.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutori al 1: Meas ure E ye-Para mete rs Tutori al 1: Measure Eye -Pa rame ters The ey e -diag ram a n a l y zer p er forms autom a t ic ey e measu rem en ts in ey e mode. T his m ode i s simi lar to t hat o f conve ntion al sa mplin g osc illosc opes; the display shows ind ividual dot s.
2-5 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 1: Me as u re Eye- Par a meter s Example of a Large Overshoot Re sul ting from Lase r Bias Perform an Offset Calibration This ca l ibrati on proce dure re mo ves any o f f set that ma y b e presen t in the o pti- cal-to-electrical converte r .
Applica tion Tu torials Tutori al 1: Meas ure E ye-Para mete rs Enab lin g t his fun c ti on appr ox ima tely dou bles the mea s urement ti me. 8 Perfo rm the eye meas urement by pr essing : MEASURE EYE After a brief p eriod o f time , the di splay s hould l ook like the f ollowing f igure.
2-7 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 1: Me as u re Eye- Par a meter s Example Exti nction R atio Me asuremen t 10 Change the amou nt of dat a used for th e hi st ogram s b y pre s si ng: NUMBER SAMPLES a n d enter th e # of sam pl es A larger value gives more accu racy, but increases the data acqui sition time.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutor ial 2: Meas ure in O ptica l Pow er Units Tutorial 2: Me asure in Optic al Po wer Units The ana l yz e r disp lay has th e abil ity to sh ow opt ical u ni ts refe re nc e d to the input of the optical-to-e lectr ical converter .
2-9 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 2: Measur e in Op tica l Pow e r Units.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutor i al 3: Meas ure Ext i nctio n Ratio s on Low- L evel S ignal s Tutorial 3: Measure Extinction Ratios on Low- Level Signals Repeatable extinction ratio measurement s can be made on low-level signals. This is accomplished by app lyin g a filter to th e sign al.
2-11 Applic ation T utorial s T uto r ial 3: Me asure E xtinct ion Ra tios on Low-Le ve l Sig na ls Autoscaled Display of Low-Level Signal 4 Turn filt ering on by pres sing : Setup , eyefltr ON OFF ON.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutor i al 3: Meas ure Ext i nctio n Ratio s on Low- L evel S ignal s Measur e the E xtincti on Ratio 8 To measur e th e extinc tion rati o, press : Measure , NUMBER SAMPLES and enter 2 0000 , EX TINCT RA TIO Refe r to th e follo w in g fi gure .
2-13 Applic ation T utorial s T uto r ial 4: Me asure La ser T urn -on Del a y Tutorial 4: Measur e Laser Turn-on De lay On-screen marke rs can be used to measure bo th ampl itude and ti me separ a- tion in eye- diagr a ms. The compa t ible mod es for marker s are eye , ey eline, a n d pattern.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutori al 4: Meas ure Lase r Turn-o n D elay Laser Overshoo t an d Turn -On Delay.
2-15 Applic ation T utorial s T u torial 5: Use So ftware F ilters Tutorial 5: Use Softwar e Filters This tutori al ena bles a soft ware fi lter . The filt er is d esigne d with user fre- quenc y correc ti ons.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutorial 5: Use So ftw are Filt ers User-Cor rections A pplied t o the Dat a Change to Eyeline Mode 1 Set t he anal yzer to a know n stat e by pr essing : INSTR PRESET , Traces.
2-17 Applic ation T utorial s T u torial 5: Use So ftware F ilters Eyeline Display Showing Laser Oversho ot Load the Software Filter 2 Place the 70874A memory card in the front -p ane l card slot.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutorial 5: Use So ftw are Filt ers 7 Turn the auto scale fu ncti on on b y pressi ng : Traces , AUTO-SCALE The di splay s hould look like the foll owing fig ure. Noti ce that the l aser overs hoot i s no l onge r vis ible, due to the fi lter ing effect of the user -correct io ns in the 7150 1A.
2-19 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 6: T est to In dustry Standa rds Tutorial 6: Test to Industry Standards Masks allow you to test ey e- di a g ram s ag ain st indus tr y st andards . Th e eye-d ia- gram an a ly zer pro vid es built -i n mask s for test ing th e majo r SONE T/SDH trans missi on r ates.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutor i al 6: Test t o Indu st ry Sta ndards T urn Mask T esting On 6 Turn ma sk testin g on by pr essi ng : Masks , test ON OFF ON This reset s the error counte rs.
2-21 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 6: T est to In dustry Standa rds Stop on and Display T race Errors The eye-diagram an alyzer has the ability t o stop data acquis ition when a mask violation occurs. T he number of traces or error s that stop this data acquisition can be specif ied.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutor i al 6: Test t o Indu st ry Sta ndards test ON OFF ON The instrumen t stops swe eping after t wo error t races have been a ccumulated. Refer t o the foll owing f igure. N ote that fo r this figure , erro rs occu r due to overshoot on a zero- to-one tr ansition.
2-23 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 7 : Defau lt and Custom Ma sk or Limit Line T esting Tutorial 7: Default and Custom Mask or Limit Line Testing The 7082 0A me nus allow y ou to cr eate and displ ay up to eight limit lines and masks a t one time.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutorial 7: Defau lt and Custom Ma sk or Limit Line Tes ting Create a Mask or Limit Line 1 Set t he anal yzer to a know n stat e by pr essing : INSTR PRESET, Setup , BIT INTVL and enter 1.
2-25 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 7 : Defau lt and Custom Ma sk or Limit Line T esting Stre tch, Re duce, or Move the Ma sk 11 To stre tch, reduce or move the m ask by press : prev menu , sc ale X| Y or offs et X |Y Add a Mask Margin 12 Press th e le ft-sid e Mas ks softke y.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutorial 7: Defau lt and Custom Ma sk or Limit Line Tes ting Display the Error T rac e 23 Displ ay a mask and begin testin g as descr ibed in this s ectio n, and then p ress: e.
2-27 Applic ation T utorial s T utoria l 8: Display the Da ta Pa tter n Tutorial 8: Display the Dat a Pa tt er n The ey e -d iagra m anal yzer can d is p la y the da ta pa t tern. This is done by selec t - ing th e pa tt ern m ode and trig ge ring th e dis play tra c e upda te o n th e p atte rn trigge r .
Applica tion Tu torials Tutorial 8 : Display t he Data Pa ttern Example Patter n Mode Di splay Add T ime Delay 6 Add time del ay by pre ss ing: Setup , DELAY Eac h pu s h of the step ke ys ( ⇓ and ⇑ ) giv es a ch a n ge in de l ay equ al to e xac t ly one bit.
2-29 Applic ation T utorial s T utoria l 8: Display the Da ta Pa tter n 8 Set chann el 2 by p ressing: CH2 is: , CLK OUT Notice tha t the diagram sof tkey annotat ion no lon ger indi cate s pattern m o de , and a note is di splay ed on t he sc reen a s show n in t he fol lowin g figu re.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutoria l 9: Cons tructing a Low-P ass Filter fr om a Tran sfer F unction Tutorial 9: Constructing a Low-Pass Filter from a Transfer Function This pr oced u re builds a four th order B es sel-T homso n filter ch a r acte ri zing SONET/ SDH tra nsmi tters o perating at 2.
2-31 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 9: Co nstructing a Low-Pa ss Filter fro m a T ransfer Fu nction 3 Turn the dis play off by pressi ng: Traces , selec t:, TR1 , disp lay ON OFF OFF 4 Build the e.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutoria l 9: Cons tructing a Low-P ass Filter fr om a Tran sfer F unction 6 Build the t race eq uatio n shown in th e fol lowing figur e by pr essing : RETURN , sele ct:, TR3 , inpu t: , build eqn , CLR - END, SEL|ED T SEL Build the tr ace equ ation.
2-33 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 9: Co nstructing a Low-Pa ss Filter fro m a T ransfer Fu nction 10 Set the marker on 1.8622 4 GHz usi ng the k nob o r numeric k eypad.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutoria l 9: Cons tructing a Low-P ass Filter fr om a Tran sfer F unction 14 Highli ght "UCORR1" u sing the k nob. 15 Contin ue b y pr essing : RETURN , Scale , AUTO-.
2-35 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 9: Co nstructing a Low-Pa ss Filter fro m a T ransfer Fu nction 16 To st ore th e filt er to a me mory c ard, p ress: States , more 1 of 2 , mass storage 17 If the mass -s tor age de vice needs to be selecte d , ref er to “ Savi ng to M ass Storage ” on p age 3-34 .
Applica tion Tu torials Tutor i al 10: Crea te a Ve r t ical H is togra m Tutorial 1 0: Creat e a Vert ical Histogram This tutorial cre ate s a vertical histogr am on data take n fro m a sine wave. The procedure, however , works f or any t ype of waveform.
2-37 Applic ation T utorial s T uto r i al 10: Cr eate a Vertical Hist ogram 6 Enter the n umber of s ampl es to be t aken for th e hist ogram by p ress ing: prev menu , NUMBER SAMPLES , # o f samp les, ENTER The default num b e r of sample s take n is 1000.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutor i al 10: Crea te a Ve r t ical H is togra m Perform Statistical Anal ysis The ra nge of sampl e points us ed to calcula te the mean and standard de viation is t he f ull scree n.
2-39 Applic ation T utorial s T uto r i al 10: Cr eate a Vertical Hist ogram 10 To disp la y a lin e indi c a ti ng the l ocati o n of th e mean , pres s: resu lts , MEAN , The mean and standard deviati on val ue s are als o shown .
Applica tion Tu torials Tutor i al 10: Crea te a Ve r t ical H is togra m 11 To display a line indi cati ng the locati on of th e standard deviat ion , pr ess: STD DEV.
2-41 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 11: Creat e a Horizo nt al Hist ogr a m Tutorial 1 1: Create a Horizontal Histogram This tutorial cre ate s a horizont al histogram on data take n fr om a sine wave. The pr ocedure, h owever , wo rks f or any t ype of wave form.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutori al 11: Crea te a Hor i zontal Histo gr a m 6 Enter the n umber of s ampl es to be t aken for th e hist ogram by p ress ing: prev menu , NUMBER SAMPLES, # of samples, ENTER The default num b e r of sample s take n is 1000.
2-43 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 11: Creat e a Horizo nt al Hist ogr a m Perform Statistical Anal ysis The ra nge of sampl e points us ed to calcula te the mean and standard de viation is t he f ull scree n.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutori al 11: Crea te a Hor i zontal Histo gr a m 10 To disp la y a lin e indi c a ti ng the l o c at i o n of th e mean , pres s: resu lts , MEAN The mean and standard deviati on val ue s are als o shown .
2-45 Applic ation T utorial s T utorial 11: Creat e a Horizo nt al Hist ogr a m 11 To display a line indi cati ng the locati on of th e standard de viation , pr es s: STD DEV.
Applica tion Tu torials Tutori al 11: Crea te a Hor i zontal Histo gr a m.
3 Eye-D i ag ram Anal y z e r Reference.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Eye-D iagram An alyzer Refe rence Eye-Diagram Analyzer Reference In t his chap ter , y ou will find informat ion on the f ollowi ng to pics: • Perf o r ming Eye- D.
3-3 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Performi ng Ey e- D ia gram Mea sur e ment s Performing Eye-Diagram Measurements T o perform t he aut omatic eye -diagr am measu rements, use t he Meas ure men u. W ith the ex ce pt ion of extin ction rat io, these me as ure ments must be per- form ed in eye m ode .
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Perf orming Eye- Diagr am M easure ments Use th e NUMBER SAMPLES s oftkey for th is pu rpose. • Use the ME ASURE EY E to in itiate a num ber of auto ma t i c hi stogr a m mea su r e- ments on an eye-diag ram.
3-5 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Performi ng Ey e- D ia gram Mea sur e ment s Cros sing Le vel This me a su rement is the a m pl itude th a t th e one le vel a nd z e ro le v e l cros s. It also ex pr esse s the leve l as a pe rce nta ge o f t he mean one level a nd m ean ze ro level di fferenc e .
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Perf orming Eye- Diagr am M easure ments For Optimum Performance The 70820A m odu le should be co nfi gu re d to: • Control the RF source o ver the communica tions bus. • Share the same freque ncy refe re nce as the RF source.
3-7 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Genera ting H istograms Generating Histograms The 70820A can perf orm st atistical analy sis on any dis pl ay ed trace . Af ter c re - ating a vertic al or ho rizonta l hist ogram of the tra ce dat a, the di splay can sh ow mean and standard deviation val ue s of the histo gram.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Genera tin g His tog rams When gen erati ng histog rams , yo u must perfo rm the follow ing bas ic ste ps: 1 Select a trace. 2 Select hi st ogram typ e. 3 Enter the n umber of sampl es. 4 Set limit s for acq ui re d data.
3-9 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Mask s an d Lim it Lin es Masks and Limit Lines Masks and li mit l ines al low you to tes t the shape (time or frequen cy ver sus amplit ude) o f a disp layed r espo nse. Masks are close d pol ygon shape s. Limi t lines are li nes.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Masks a nd Limi t Line s A Limit Line Displayed on Screen Because you can perfor m repe ti ti ve te st in g of resp ons e shapes, masks and limit lin es a re ide al for pa ss/fai l te sting on product ion l ines . Y ou c rea te, sa ve, recall , and e dit li mit lines usin g the masks, l imits m enu.
3-11 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Mask s an d Lim it Lin es Testing Responses Once y ou ’ ve c reated a mas k or limit l ine, set the fo llowi ng condi tions fo r test- ing: • Trace to which testin g i s applie d. • Violations defined as tr aces o r meas ure m e nt points.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Eye-D iagram M enu Ma ps Eye-Diagram Menu Maps The t wo menu maps in this section graphical ly repr esent t he e ye-dia gram ana- lyze r ’ s soft key men us.
3-13 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Eye-D i agram Me nu Maps Traces, M easu re, Markers, Mask s, and Mass Storag e Me nus.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilen t 70 820A Menus Agilent 7082 0A Menus This se ction dis cusses t he softke y menu s for th e 70820A m icrowave t ransitio n analyzer module. T o learn about the eye- diagr am analyzer ’ s menus, re fe r to “Eye-Dia gram Menu Maps” on page 3-12 .
3-15 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilen t 70820 A Menu s The Left-Side Softkeys Use th e softk eys loc ated o n the le ft si de of t he disp lay to access the tw elve majo r menu s. T hese soft keys a re shown in t wo pa ges . Pre ss page 1 of 2 to vie w the seco nd page of s oftke ys.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Control ling the Display Controlling the Display To Control the Number of Bits Displayed The Setup menu ’ s BIT INTV L soft key allows you to s elect t he n umber of b its that w ill b e di splayed on t he s creen .
3-17 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Controll ing the Display To Improv e the Sens itiv ity in E y e l i n e M o d e In ey eline m ode, ad dition al eye f ilteri ng can be appl ied to improv e the me a- surement sensitiv ity . This can be an advantage whe n measuri ng extinction rati os on l ow-leve l sign als.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Control ling the Display T o le ar n more abou t the se files a nd ab out cre a ti ng and appl ying user -corr e c- tions, refe r to “ T ut orial 5: Use S oftw are Fi lter s ” on page 2-1 5 . 1 Place t he 70 874A eye -diagram analyzer memory c ard in t he fron t-pane l card slot.
3-19 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Controll ing the Display 4 Load t he file by press ing: LOAD FILE The f ile is loaded w hen user-corrections loaded is displa ye d o n th e scree n. 5 Turn the us er corre ction fun ction on b y pressi ng: Trg, Cal , more 1 of 2 , usr cor ON |OF F ON .
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Control ling the Display User-Cor rections A pplied t o the Dat a To View 70820 A Menus Press MENU. To Ret urn to the Jitter Anal yzer (or Eye- Di agram Analy zer) Press USER . If th e eye-di agram a nalyzer ’ s menus are not d ispla yed, l oad th e pr ogram as explaine d in Chapter 1 , “ Getting Started ” .
3-21 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Controll ing the Display To Vi ew th e Dat e and Time Ther e a re two clo cks th a t c a n be displ a ye d on th e sc reen : the dis pl ay ’ s clock and the 70820A mod ule ’ s clock. Y ou can control wheth er the clocks are dis- play ed, the indic ated t ime, and the dis play fo rmat.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Control ling the Display 3 To select US or European di sp lay format , pre s s US|EU RO US or: US|EU RO EU R O 4 To change the time or date , press: set cl ock Enter the new val ue in the same f ormat as di splayed.
3-23 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Cali br at ing th e Eye- D iagr am Analyz er Calibrat ing the Eye-Diagr am Analyzer Note For infor mation on use r - corr ectio ns and instru m ent cali br a ti on dat a, re fe r to “ Agilen t 70820A User -Correcti ons ” on page 3- 49 and refe r to “ Agilent 70 820A Calibration ” on page 3-61 .
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Cali brati ng the Ey e-Di agram An alyze r 1 Connect a low-loss cabl e between the front -panel CALIBRATOR OUTPUT and channel 1 connecto rs. 2 To calibra te the IF, press: MENU , page 1 of 2 , Calib , IF calib , CAL CH 1 The calib ration rout ine takes about 30 minut es t o com plete .
3-25 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Displa ying T r aces Displaying Traces Four T rac es can be Di splayed The T races menu ’ s sel ect: softkey allows you to display and con trol up to f our traces. The scaling , reference posi tions, and refere nce levels of eac h trace can be separately adjust ed.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Disp laying Trac es To Position and Scale Ea ch Trace The selected trace can be positione d verti cally on the display . This is accom- plishe d usi ng the REF LEV|POS softke y to enter both the r eference posit ion and reference le vel.
3-27 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Displa ying T r aces The Averagi ng Submenu A verage tr ace 1 by pre ssi ng: Traces , average , AVERAGE SWEEPS an d ente r the n umber o f swee ps used for ru n n.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Disp laying Trac es The Pe rsi s t e n ce Submen u Infi nite M onoc hrome P ersis tence W ith infinite mono chro me persiste nce ( INFINIT), traces accumu late on the disp lay un til pe rs ist en ce is tu rned off or th e di splay is cl eare d usin g th e Setu p menu ’ s CLEAR DIS PLA Y soft key .
3-29 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Displa ying T r aces 1 green 2 cyan (light blue) 3 purple 4 rose 5 yello w This p ersistence works bes t with h igh values o f N, t ypically valu es of 5 0 through 100 . In thi s mod e, n o soft keys c an b e pre ssed un til a fter EXIT GRAD- ING is p ressed .
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Using Ma r k ers Using Markers Use this menu to activate the four avai lable line marke rs : X1, X2, Y1, and Y2. Markers allow you to me asure or compare portions of the di splayed waveform.
3-31 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Applyin g Mask T esti ng Applying Mask Testing Use the M a sk s menu t o d is play a n d contro l ma sk te stin g.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Applyi ng Mask Te sting Automatic Alignment Scales the Mask The MASK AL IGN softkey , located un der the M asks menu, auto maticall y aligns and scale s a de fault m ask to the data p er the SONET/ SDH s tandards .
3-33 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Applyin g Mask T esti ng The Ma sk Se tup Subm en u.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Saving to M ass St orage Saving to Mass Storage Use the Mass Storage menu, to save and recal l fi les to a mass storage dev ice. The mass storage device is normal ly a memory card that has been inse rte d into the fro nt-panel card slot.
3-35 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Saving t o Mass Stor age as long as t he card ’ s batte ry ha s suf fic ie nt po w er . Y o u shou ld chang e the ba t- tery e very two ye ars u sing th e pro ced ure in t his s ectio n. Refer to “ T o Ch ange a Memory Card Batter y ” on p age 3-3 9 .
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Saving to M ass St orage GPIB Disk Drives Measurement d ata and files can be saved on an exte rnal GPIB dis k drive. T he disk dr iv e must be a 3.5 inc h , CS80 c om pa tib l e, such as an 912 2. T o use th e drive, you must conne ct it an d enter its GPIB address using DISPLA Y me nu soft k eys .
3-37 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Saving t o Mass Stor age Initializing ( formatting) a memory car d CAUTIO N Th e follo win g st eps erase any files sto red on t he ca rd.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Saving to M ass St orage 4 Enter the disk driv e ’ s unit numb e r by pre ss ing: UNIT NUM BER This number is typ ically a 0 or 1.
3-39 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Saving t o Mass Stor age To Ch ange a Memory Ca rd Batt er y The me mory card ’ s battery is a lith iu m c omm ercial CMO S t yp e, part num ber CR 2016. The mem o r y card sho u ld be ins talle d when the batte ry is remov e d.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Saving to M ass St orage Working w ith Files Files are identified by a prefix and a name. The eye-diagram analyzer assigns a prefix accordi ng to the ty pe of data, as shown in t he following table. Y ou enter the fi le na m e.
3-41 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Saving t o Mass Stor age To Duplicat e a Memory Ca rd Instru m en t BASI C pro vi des the abi l ity to ma ss copy all th e file s fro m one memory card to another memory card. Thi s allows you to easily reprodu c e copies without havin g to copy the file s one at a time.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Saving to M ass St orage 6 Issue t he followi ng Instr ument BASIC command to copy t he file s from th e RAM disk to the ne w card: COPY "*:MEMORY, 0, 0" T O ":EXT ERN AL, 904" To Catalog all Files Use this proce dure to catalog defaul t memory .
3-43 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Saving t o Mass Stor age Entering a File Name without a Keyboar d a Turn the fro nt-pan el knob to move the character-sel ect curso r. b Press SELECT CHAR to enter a character at the charac ter-select cursor . c Press the numeric keypad to ente r numbe rs or a minus sign.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Saving to M ass St orage To Erase all F iles CAUTIO N This proc ed ure erase s all files st ored in def a u lt memory .
3-45 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Saving t o Mass Stor age To Er ase a Cus tom Prefix 1 To erase a custom p refix, press: MENU , page 1 of 2 , Stat es , more 1 o f 2, mass storage , more , CHANGE PREFI X Repea t edly press th e ⇓ ste p key until the cu rsor is locat ed at t he st art of t he custom text.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Saving to M ass St orage To Save a Mask/ Limit Line File 1 Displ ay the Mas s St o rage men u by pr es sing: States , more 1 of 2 , mass st orage If the mass -s tor age de vice needs to be selecte d , ref er to “ Se lecting and For- matting Memory ” on page 3-34 .
3-47 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Creat i ng Copi es of the D i splay Creating Copies of the Display Often , it i s impo rtan t to c reate hard c opie s of th e di splay f or re ports or records. A copy of the displ ay can be printed on any Hewlett-Packa rd graphics prin ter .
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Crea tin g Cop i e s of the Dis pl ay 4 Select th e print opti on b y pressi ng : ← , copy optio ns , COPY IS PR T/P L T PRT 5 Creat e th e pr int by pr ess i n g:.
3-49 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Us er-Corrections Agilent 7082 0A User-Corrections User c orrect ions pr ovide a conve nient method for mod ifyin g the di splay o f input signa ls.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70820A User-Correct i ons Example User-Cor rections User correcti ons always contain at least two default l ines of d ata, as shown in the f ollo wing fi gure . W hile thes e t wo lin e s of data cann ot be remo ved , yo u ca n modify the ir magni tude or ph ase values.
3-51 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Us er-Corrections Default Data Enter user -cor re ction da t a by: manual ly using f ront- pa n el key s or st oring t he result s of a sweep to use r - c or rection m em o ry .
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70820A User-Correct i ons To Delete a Channel ’ s User- Correc tio ns 1 Delete a channel ’ s user- correctio ns b y pres sing: MENU , page 1 of 2 , Cali .
3-53 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Us er-Corrections The follow ing two fi gures show the effect of s ele cting linear slo pe and fla t types. The tr ace gr aphica lly sh ows th e filte r . With the exc eptio n of th e path t o next FREQ field, the da t a in ea c h fil ter is iden t ical.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70820A User-Correct i ons To Enter a Line of Data 1 Enter a li ne of data by pres sing: MENU , page 1 of 2 , Calib , user corr , SEL|E D T SEL New line s are adde d ju st above the highlighte d line.
3-55 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Us er-Corrections To Edit a Line of Data 1 To edit a li ne of data, pr ess: MENU , page 1 of 2 , Calib , user corr, SEL| ED T EDT Use th e front -panel knob, s tep keys , or numeric keypad to chang e the d is- played value.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70820A User-Correct i ons To Copy User- Correc tio n to Alte rnat e Chann el Copy user correcti on to an alt er nate chann el by press in g: MENU , page 1 of 2 , Calib , user corr , other , co py to CH 2 If channe l 2 data is se lected, the softkey r eads copy to CH1.
3-57 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Us er-Corrections To View User- Correc tio ns 1 To vi ew us er-c orrect ions, pre ss: MENU 2 To ente r th e Trac es menu , pr ess: Trac es 3 Select a trace, and then pre ss : input: 4 Use the fron t-panel kn ob to scroll the menu bar to UCORR1 , a s show n in the follo w in g figu re.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70820A User-Correct i ons 7 Set th e fr eque nc y scale of th e user-c o rrect io n trace: • If the microwave trans ition analyzer is set f or a fre quency sweep, use the Main me nu ’ s START and STOP soft keys .
3-59 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Us er-Corrections Saving, R ecalling , and Catalogi ng User-Corr ection Files User -correct ion data can be save d in fil es and re calle d for lat er use. Th is se c- tion shows you how to accomp lish this task using the 70820A module ’ s mass storage menu.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70820A User-Correct i ons To Recall a User- Corr ec tio n File 1 To recall a user-corre cti on fi le , press: MENU , page 1 of 2, States , more 1 of 2, mass storage If the mass -s tor age de vice needs to be selecte d , ref er to “ Se lecting and Formattin g Memory ” on pag e 3-34 .
3-61 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Calibrati on Agilent 70820A Calibration Use the Calib ration menu to perf o rm th e f ollowin g ta s ks: • Match de lay betwee n chann els . • Initia te an instru men t self- tes t rout ine. • Turn off RF corr ect ion.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70 820A Calibr at i on The Calibr ation Me nu Turning Off RF Corre ction The microwave tr ansition analyze r module applies RF correc tion factors to al l measurements. Th es e correcti on fact ors are loaded into nonvolat ile memory at the factory .
3-63 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Calibrati on Matching Del ay Betw een Chan nels Significant delay s can occur between the signals on chan ne l 1 and chan ne l 2 when t he ele c trical le ngth s of ex terna l cabli ng varies. This r esult s in a phase offset betwee n the two chann els.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70 820A Calibr at i on Trace 2 Delay Compensated To Delay a Channel Automatically compe nsa te chan ne l 2 by pre ssi ng: MENU , page 1 of 2, Calib , ch an s.
3-65 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Calibrati on Note W arm up time Allow the microwave transiti on analyzer module to warm up for at lea st on e hour befo re perf ormin g a ca librat io n. To Cal i brate the IF 1 Connect a low-loss cable between the front-panel CALIBRATOR OUTPUT and channel 1 connecto rs.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70 820A Calibr at i on Viewing the Calibr ation Data The ab il ity to v i ew the IF cali br atio n da t a is main ly int ende d for serv ice p ur- poses. Howeve r , the proce dures in this secti on show you how to view the data.
3-67 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Calibrati on To Vie w Ha rdw are Res pon se Tr aces 1 Display the traces me nu by pre ssing : MENU , Traces 2 Turn o n both trace 1 and trace 2. Set the input to trace 1 a s channe l 1. Set the input to t race 2 to ch annel 2.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70 820A Calibr at i on 7 To display the various ha rdwar e resp ons e s, press: page 1 of 2, SHOW CAL Use the front- panel s tep key s to s croll th rough the vari ous hardware respo nses.
3-69 Eye-Diagram An alyzer Referen ce Agilent 70820A Calibrati on 5 To view th e dat a fo r c ha nn el 1, pr es s: CH1 C AL INF O 6 To view th e dat a fo r c ha nn el 2, pr es s: CH2 C AL INF O 7 To v.
Eye-Diagr am An alyzer Ref er ence Agilent 70 820A Calibr at i on To Turn the Calib rator Si gnal On T o turn t he calibr ator s ignal o n, pres s: MENU , page 1 of 2 , Calib , cal signal, cal sig ON|.
4 Programming Com mands.
Programming Commands Programming C ommands Programming Commands This chapter docu men ts prog rammin g the eye-d iagram anal y zer . Note Y ou wil l fi nd th e previ ew featu re dis cusse d in t his c hapte r ve ry use ful . It display s the pro grammi ng com m a nd cor respondi ng to the respon se receiv ed when mos t so f tk e ys are press ed .
4-3 Programming Comman ds Introduc tion Introduction Before communi cating with the eye-di agram analyze r application, the Instr u- ment BASIC s yste m mu st b e querie d for the name o f the progr am an d t old w e wish to communicate wi th this program.
Programming Commands Introduct ion PROG:W AIT? query to indicat e when the 70874C has pa us ed . Then, re tri e ve the res ponse usi ng the PROG:S TR? query . Use PROG:ST A T e to con tinue pro- gram exec ution . (N otic e th e lowe r c ase l ette r e in PRO G:ST A T e.
4-5 Programming Comman ds Introduc tion BIT The BIT c om m and str ing sets the inst rument ’ s time scal e (seco nds-per -divi- sion ) to a v alue w hich c orresp onds to the number of bi ts spec ified in the Param va riable. Example OUTP UT Mta; " PRO G: NUM B ’ Pa ram ’ ,3.
Programming Commands Introduct ion Example OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R ’ Command ’ , ’ CLEAR ’ " OUTP UT Mta; " P R OG: WAIT ? " ENTER M ta;A$ OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST .
4-7 Programming Comman ds Introduc tion DELAY The DEL A Y comma n d string se ts the disp laye d del a y value to the numb er of bits s pec ifie d in the Par am va riab le.
Programming Commands Introduct ion Example OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R ’ Para m ’ , ’ EYELINE ’ " OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R ’ Command ’ , ’ DI AGR AM ’ " OUTP UT Mt.
4-9 Programming Comman ds Introduc tion Example OUTP UT Mt a;"P ROG: STR ’ Command ’ , ’ EXTIN ’ " OUTP UT Mt a;"P ROG: WAIT ? " ENTER M ta;A$ OUTP UT Mt a;"P ROG: STR.
Programming Commands Introduct ion Example OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R ’ Para m ’ , ’ ON ’ " OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R ’ Command ’ , ’ MARMSK ’ " OUTP UT Mta; ".
4-11 Programming Comman ds Introduc tion Example OUTP UT Mt a;"P ROG: STR ’ Command ’ , ’ MEAS ’ " OUTP UT Mt a;"P ROG: WAIT ? " ENTER M ta;A$ OUTP UT Mt a;"P ROG: STR.
Programming Commands Introduct ion Example OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R ’ Para m ’ , ’ COLGRAD ’ " OUTP UT Mt a;"P R OG: ST R ’ Command ’ , ’ PERS IST ’ " OUTP UT Mta.
5 Specifications and Charac teristics.
Specificat i ons and Chara c te r ist i c s Specif ications an d Characte ristics Specifications and Cha racteristics This chapter cont ains speci fi cati ons and charac teristi cs for the 71501C and 70874C Jitter and Ey e Diag ram An alyzer .
5-3 Specifi c at i ons and Charac teristi cs V ertical Specif ications Vertical Spe cif ica tion s Table 5-1. Vertical Specific a tio ns Bandwidt h ( – 3 dB): 20 GH z (extend ed BW off) 40 GH z (ext.
Specificat i ons and Chara c te r ist i c s Input Cha n ne l Spe cif ica tions Input Channel Specifications CAUTIO N Input chan ne ls RF INPUT 1 and RF INPUT 2 are dc coupled .
5-5 Specifi c at i ons and Charac teristi cs T rigge r Specifica tions Trigger Specifica tions Table 5-3. Trigger Spec ifications Operatio n input ra nge: (in c lu din g dc of fset) <±320 mV Maximum safe input vol tage without damage ±2 V pk-pk Number of input channels: 2 Input conn ectors: a a.
Specificat i ons and Chara c te r ist i c s Trigge r Specifi cations Trigger Specifica tions Table 5-4. Trigger Spec ifications Trigger sensi t i vity (dc - 40 GHz) : 65 mV pk-pk (ty p ica l) Jitt er: <2.
5-7 Specifi c at i ons and Charac teristi cs Horizo ntal Sp ecifi c ation s Horizontal Specifications These specif ic ations are for the ey e diagram analyzer on ly .
Specificat i ons and Chara c te r ist i c s Declara tion of Confo rm ity Declaration of Conformity.
Index- 1 Index Numerics 0 level des cr ipt ion , 3-4 1 Level description , 3- 4 10 MH z refe renc e , 1-1 1 70820A calibr ation , 3-6 1 70820A clock c ontrol , 3-21 70820A connect ions , 1-13 70820A m.
Index -2 Index create p rint , 3-47 crossin g le vel desc riptio n , 3-5 custom keyp ad , 1-3 custom mask o r limit line te sting , 2-23 custom prefix , 3-45 D data pattern display , 2-2 7 data sig na.
Index- 3 Index eye-diagram anal yzer reference , 3-2 eye-diagram anal yzer, calibrating , 3-23 eye-diagram me nus , 3-12 eyeline software filters , 1-9 eyeline mo de , 1-5 , 1-7 , 2-13 F fails, pro gr.
Index -4 Index markers turned on , 2-13 markers, menu s , 3-13 MARMSK command , 4-9 mask align , 3- 32 mask and limit lines , 1-8 mask ma rgins , 3-32 mask or li mit line creatio n , 2-24 mask or li m.
Index- 5 Index printing , 3-47 PROG STR? to read response , 4-3 program failed to lo ad , 1-17 program variables, values , 4-5 programming command s , 4-2 programming command s, preview , 3- 20 Q QUIT.
Index -6 Index trigger level, m anua lly se t , 1-25 trigger sourc e , 1-22 trigger, menu s , 3-12 turn calibrator s ignal on , 3-70 turning off RF correcti on , 3-62 tutori als application , 2- 2 con.
Un point important après l'achat de l'appareil (ou même avant l'achat) est de lire le manuel d'utilisation. Nous devons le faire pour quelques raisons simples:
Si vous n'avez pas encore acheté Agilent Technologies 71501D c'est un bon moment pour vous familiariser avec les données de base sur le produit. Consulter d'abord les pages initiales du manuel d'utilisation, que vous trouverez ci-dessus. Vous devriez y trouver les données techniques les plus importants du Agilent Technologies 71501D - de cette manière, vous pouvez vérifier si l'équipement répond à vos besoins. Explorant les pages suivantes du manuel d'utilisation Agilent Technologies 71501D, vous apprendrez toutes les caractéristiques du produit et des informations sur son fonctionnement. Les informations sur le Agilent Technologies 71501D va certainement vous aider à prendre une décision concernant l'achat.
Dans une situation où vous avez déjà le Agilent Technologies 71501D, mais vous avez pas encore lu le manuel d'utilisation, vous devez le faire pour les raisons décrites ci-dessus,. Vous saurez alors si vous avez correctement utilisé les fonctions disponibles, et si vous avez commis des erreurs qui peuvent réduire la durée de vie du Agilent Technologies 71501D.
Cependant, l'un des rôles les plus importants pour l'utilisateur joués par les manuels d'utilisateur est d'aider à résoudre les problèmes concernant le Agilent Technologies 71501D. Presque toujours, vous y trouverez Troubleshooting, soit les pannes et les défaillances les plus fréquentes de l'apparei Agilent Technologies 71501D ainsi que les instructions sur la façon de les résoudre. Même si vous ne parvenez pas à résoudre le problème, le manuel d‘utilisation va vous montrer le chemin d'une nouvelle procédure – le contact avec le centre de service à la clientèle ou le service le plus proche.
