Manuel d'utilisation / d'entretien du produit 3020 du fabricant Toro
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P ART NO. 98957SL, Rev . B Service Manual Sand Pro R 2020/3020/5020 Preface The purpose of this publication is to provide the service technician with information for troubleshooting, testing, and repair of major systems and components on the Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020.
T able Of Contents Chapter 1 – Safety Safety Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 – 1 Jacking Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 – 4 Safety and Instruction Decals . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020.
Chapter 1 Safety T able of Contents GENERAL SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Before Operating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 While Operating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Maintenance and Service .
While Operating 1 1. Exhaust fumes are hazardous and could be deadly , so do not run the engine in a confined area without ade - quate ventilation. 12. Sit on seat when operating the machine. Never carry passengers. 13. When starting the engine: A. Make sure traction pedal is released.
Maintenance and Service 20. Before servicing or making adjustments to the ma- chine, stop engine, remove key from the ignition, and pull the spark plug wire off spark plug to prevent acci - dental starting of the engine.
Jacking Instructions Figure 1 Use the following positions when jacking up the ma- chine: Jacking the Front End 1. On the SP 2020/3020 , jack from below the front cross support that is above the retaining strip for the rub - ber shield (Fig.
Safety and Instruction Decals The following safety and instruction decals are installed on the Sand Pro 2020/3020. If any become damaged or illegible, replace them. Decal part numbers are listed below and in the parts catalog. Order replacements from your Authorized T oro Distributor .
Safety and Instruction Decals The following safety and instruction decals are installed on the Sand Pro 5020. If any become damaged or illegible, replace them. Decal part numbers are listed below and in the parts catalog. Order replacements from your Authorized T oro Distributor .
Chapter 2 Product Records and Maintenance T able of Contents PRODUCT RECORDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 EQUIV ALENTS AND CONVERSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Decimal and Millimeter Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 U.S. to Metric Conversions .
Equivalents and Conversions Product Records and Maintenance Page 2 – 2 Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020.
Product Records and Maintenance Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 2 – 3 Product Records and Maintenance T orque Specifications.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 2 – 4 Product Records and Maintenance Lubrication CAUTION Before servicing or making adjustments to the machine, stop engine, set parking brake, and re- move key from the ignition switch. Lubricate grease fittings regularly with No.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 2 – 5 Product Records and Maintenance Figure 5 Figure 6 Product Records and Maintenance.
Product Records and Maintenance Page 2 – 6 Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020.
_________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ EQUIPMENT OPERA TION AND SERVICE HIST OR Y REPORT for Sand Pro R 2020/.
Sand Pro R 2020/3020/5020 Maintenance Schedule Minimum Recommended Maintenance Intervals: Check Battery Fluid Level Check Battery Cable Connections { Change Engine Oil Lubricate Front Wheel Bearing Every 25hrs Every 100hrs Annual Recommendations: Items listed are recommended every 1,500 hours or 2 years, whichever comes first.
Sand Pro R 2020/3020/5020 Daily Maintenance Checklist Daily Maintenance: (duplicate this page for routine use) Maintenance Check Item b Daily Maintenance Check For Week Of ____________ MON TUES WED TH.
________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ ____.
Chapter 3 Engine T able of Contents INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 SPECIFICA TIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 GENERAL INFORMA TION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Check Engine Oil .
Introduction This Chapter gives information about specifications, maintenance, troubleshooting, testing, and repair of the gasoline engines used in the Sand Pro 2020, 3020, and 5020. Most repairs and adjustments require tools which are commonly available in many service shops.
Specifications Item Description Make / Designation Briggs and Stratton V anguard, 4–Cycle, V–T win Cylinder , OHV , Air Cooled, Gasoline Engine Horse Power SP 2020/3020 16 HP @ 3600 RPM SP 5020 18 HP @ 3600 RPM Bore mm (in.) SP 2020/3020 68.0 (2.677) SP 5020 71.
General Information Check Engine Oil CAUTION Before servicing or making adjustments to the machine, make sure of the following: stop en- gine, engage parking brake, lower attachment, and remove key from the switch. IMPORT ANT : Check oil level every 8 operating hours or daily .
Fuel Shutoff V alve This valve should be shut when removing the engine or placing the unit in long term storage. On the SP 2020/3020 , the shutof f valve can be ac- cessed from the rear of the machine (Fig. 2). On the SP 5020 , the shutoff valve can be accessed by removing the left side panel (Fig.
Fill Fuel T ank IMPORT ANT : The T oro Company strongly recom- mends using fresh, clean, unleaded regular grade gasoline in T oro gasoline powered products. Un - leaded gasoline burns cleaner , extends engine life, and promotes good starting by reducing the build– up of combustion chamber deposits.
Adjustments Adjust Throttle Control Proper throttle operation is dependent upon the proper adjustment of the throttle control. Before adjusting the carburetor , assure throttle control is operating properly . 1. Pivot seat up. On the SP 2020/3020 , remove the en- gine shield.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 3 – 8 Engine Service and Repairs Change Engine Oil and Filter Change oil initially after the first 8 hours of operation. Thereafter , change oil every 25 hours and filter every 100 hours. 1. Park machine on a level surface.
Service Remote Air Cleaner Inspect air cleaner filter element every 100 hours of op- eration. Replace every 400 hours or when dirty or dam- aged 1. Check air cleaner body and body for damage that could cause possible air leaks. Replace damaged air cleaner body or cover (see Remote Air Cleaner Remov - al and Installation).
Throttle and Choke Controls 1 9 3 7 2 8 1 1 4 4 4 6 5 2 2 Figure 10 1. Knob 4. Cap screw 7. Hex nut 2. Throttle control 5. Dash Panel (SP 2020/3020) 8.
Throttle Control Installation 1. Secure throttle control to the dash panel or right fender with both cap screws and lock nuts. Install throttle control knob to the throttle control lever (Fig. 10). 2. Connect throttle cable to the swivel on the engine.
Choke Control Installation 1. On the SP 2020/3020 insert choke cable and control through the dash panel. Secure choke control to the panel with lock washer and hex nut (Fig. 10). 2. On the SP 5020 , secure choke control to the dash panel or right fender with both cap screws and lock nuts.
Remote Air Cleaner (SP 2020/3020) Remote Air Cleaner Removal 1. Park machine on a level surface, lower attachment, stop the engine, engage parking brake, and remove the key from the ignition switch. 2. Remove three cap screws securing the hood to the front shield (Fig 19).
Remote Air Cleaner (SP 5020) Remote Air Cleaner Removal 1. Park machine on a level surface, lower attachment, stop the engine, engage parking brake, and remove the key from the ignition switch. 2. Loosen hose clamp. Remove air cleaner hose from the air cleaner body .
Muffler (SP 5020) Muffler Removal 1. Park machine on a level surface, lower attachment, stop the engine, engage parking brake, and remove the key from the ignition switch. CAUTION avoid possible burns, allow engine and exhaust The muffler and exhaust pipe may be hot.
Muffler (SP 2020/3020) Muffler Removal 1. Park machine on a level surface, lower attachment, stop the engine, engage parking brake, and remove the key from the ignition switch. 2. Chock front wheel to prevent machine from moving with both rear wheels jacked up.
Muffler Installation 1. Position muf fler through the bottom of the machine to the muffler bracket. Insert cap screw with flat washer through the muffler tab and then the muf fler bracket. Screw hex nut onto the cap screw , but do not tighten (Fig. 30).
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 3 – 18 Engine Fuel T ank (SP 2020/3020) Figure 32 1. Fuel cap 2. Fuel tank 3. Grommet 4. Fuel tank base 5. Lock nut 6. Philips pan head screw 7. Hose clamp 8. Fuel hose 9. Fuel hose clip 10. Wing nut 1 1. Flat washer 12.
Fuel T ank Removal (Fig. 32) 1. Park machine on a level surface, lower attachment, stop the engine, engage parking brake, and remove the key from the ignition switch.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 3 – 20 Engine Fuel T ank (SP 5020) Figure 34 1. Fuel tank 2. Fuel cap 3. Steering boot 4. Boot retainer 5. R–clamp 6. Self tapping screw 7. Fuel hose 8. Hose clamp 9. Fuel filter 10. Fuel hose 1 1. Hose clamp 12. R–clamp 13.
3. Remove adjustment lever from tilt lock pin by first re- moving cap screw (Fig. 36). 4. Drain fuel tank as follows: A. Close fuel shutoff valve. B. Remove self tapping screw securing the fuel hose and R–clamp to the frame. C. Disconnect fuel hose leading from the fuel tank at the fuel shutoff valve.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 3 – 22 Engine Engine (SP 2020/3020) Figure 37 1. Muffler 2. Cap screw 3. Flat washer 4. Muffler clamp 5. Hex nut 6. Screen 7. Muffler bracket 8. Fuel hose 9. Pop rivet 10. Flat washer 1 1. Lock washer 12. Fuel hose 13. Cap screw 14.
Engine Removal (Fig. 37) 1. Park machine on a level surface, lower attachment, stop engine, engage parking brake, and remove key from the ignition switch.
Engine Installation (Fig. 37) CAUTION One person should operate the chain fall or hoist while the other person guides the engine into the frame. 1. Install engine (16) to the engine base (15).
Replace Spark Plugs Replace spark plugs after every 800 operating hours or yearly , which ever occurs first. Recommended air gap is 0.030 inch (0.762 mm). Use a Champion RC 12YC spark plug or equivalent. NOTE: A spark plug usually lasts a long time. However , remove.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 3 – 26 Engine Engine (SP 5020) Figure 43 1. Air cleaner knob 2. Air cleaner cover 3. Cover seal 4. Air cleaner knob 5. Not used 6. Hex flange head screw 7. Cap screw 8. Lock washer 9. Pop rivet 10. Hot surface plate 1 1.
Engine Removal (Fig. 43) 1. Park machine on a level surface, lower attachment, stop engine, engage, and remove key from the ignition switch. 2. Chock wheels to prevent the machine from moving. The brake assembly will be partially disassembled. CAUTION avoid possible burns, allow engine and exhaust The muffler and exhaust pipe may be hot.
10. Disconnect red positive cable cable (solenoid) from the starter (Fig. 47). 1 1. Remove lock nut and cap screw securing black ground wire and black battery cable (negative) to the en - gine block. Pull cable and harness clear of the engine (Fig. 47).
3. T ighten both set screws on the engine hub to secure 6. Install seat base with seat attached to the frame as hub to the engine shaft (Fig. 46). follows (Fig. 44): 4. Connect throttle control cable to the swivel and choke control cable to the choke lever (see Throttle and Choke Control Installation).
Clean Cylinder Head Fins Avoid overheating and possible damage to the engine. Keep cooling fins on cylinder heads clean. 1. Park machine on a level surface, lower attachment, stop engine, engage parking brake, and remove key from the ignition switch. 2.
Chapter 4 Hydraulic Systems T able of Contents SPECIFICA TIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 GENERAL INFORMA TION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Hydraulic Hoses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rev . B Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System Page 4 – 2 Specifications Item Description Hydrostatic T ransmission V ariable displacement piston pump Pump Displacement 0.
General Information Hydraulic Hoses Hydraulic hoses are subject to extreme conditions such as pressure differentials du ring operation and exposure to weather , sun, chemicals, very warm storage condi - tions, or mishandling during operation or maintenance.
SAE Straight Thread O–Ring Port – Non–adjustable 1. Make sure both threads and sealing surfaces are free of burrs, nicks, scratches, or any foreign material. 2. Always replace the O–ring seal when this type of fit- ting shows signs of leakage.
T owing T raction Unit In case of emergency , the Sand Pro can be towed for a short dis t ance. However , T oro does not recommend this as a standard procedure. IMPORT ANT : Do not tow the machine faster than 2 to 3 mph because drive system may be damaged.
Rev . B Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System Page 4 – 6 Hydraulic Schematics LIFT CYLINDER LIFT V AL VE OIL COOLER FIL TER M2 RIGHT A B A RH WHEEL MOTOR WITH BLEED OFF FOR OIL COOLING LEFT M1 IN FORW ARD P1 B P2 R2 R1 HYDROST A T 0.915 0.33 7.8 15 5.
LIFT V AL VE Sand Pro 5020 Hydraulic Schematic LIFT CYLINDER Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 4 – 7 M3 M2 RIGHT B A A WITH BLEED OFF FRONT LEFT M1 P1 B P2 R2 R1 0.915 0.33 8.6 15 5.41 140.93 BARS 8.6 140.93 DISPLACEMENT PRESSURE COMPONENT P1 P2 M1 M2 M3 17.
Hydraulic Flow Diagrams T raction Forward The traction circuit of the hydraulic system consists of a hydrostat connected in a closed loop circuit to three or - bital vane wheel motors. Hydraulic fluid losses are de- signed to occur from case drain leakage of the traction pump (P1) and bleed of f from the right wheel motor (M1).
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 4 – 9 M2 RIGHT A B A WITH BLEED OFF LEFT M1 P1 B P2 R2 R1 M3 FRONT High Pressure Low Pressure (Charge) Return or Suction Flow Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 M3 M2 RIGHT B A WIT.
T raction Reverse The traction circuit operates essentially the same in re- verse as it does in forward. However , there are a few dif- ferences in operation. When the traction pedal is pressed to the reverse posi- tion, the linkage from the pedal positions the swash plate in the traction pump so oil flows out of port A.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 M2 RIGHT A B A WITH BLEED OFF LEFT M1 P1 B P2 R2 R1 M3 FRONT REVERSE High Pressure Low Pressure (Charge) Return or Suction Flow Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 M3 M2 RIGHT B A WITH BLE.
Retract and Extend Lift Cylinder The hydraulic lift circuits for the SP 2020/3020 and SP 5020 function identically . Each machine has identical charge pumps, lift valves, and lift cylinders.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 4 – 13 M2 RIGHT A B A WITH BLEED OFF LEFT M1 P1 B P2 R2 R1 M3 FRONT Extend and Retract lift Cylinder High Pressure Low Pressure (Charge) Sand Pro 2020/3020 FROM CHARGE R.
Special T ools Order these tools from the TORO SPECIAL T OOLS Some tools may also be available from a local supplier . AND APPLICA TIONS GUIDE (COMMERCIAL PROD- UCTS) . Hydraulic Pressure T est Kit – TOR47009 Use to take various pressure readings for diagnostic tests.
Hydraulic T est Fitting Kit – TOR4079 This kit includes a variety of O–ring Face seal fittings to enable you to connect test gauges into the system. The kit includes: tee’s, unions, reducers, plugs, caps, and male test fittings. Figure 10 TORO TEST FITTING KIT (NO.
Rev . B Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System (Rev . A) Page 4 – 16 T roubleshooting The table that follows contains information to assist in troubleshooting. There may possibly be more than one cause for a machine malfunction. Refer to the T esting section of this Chapter for precau- tions and specific test procedures.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System (Rev . A) Page 4 - - 17 T roubleshooting (cont.) Problem Possible Cause System operates in a jerky manner when starting. External control linkage is misadjusted, disconnected, binding, or damaged. Charge valve in hydrostat is defective.
Rev . B Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System (Rev . A) Page 4 – 18 T roubleshooting (cont.) Problem Possible Cause Attachment raises, but will not stay up. Lift cylinders leak internally . Neutral position check valves in lift valve leak. Difficult to make slight changes when raising and lowering the at- tachment (Sand Pro 2020 and 3020).
T esting The most effective method for isolating problems in the hydraulic system is by using hydraulic test equipment such as pressure gauges and flow meters in the circuits during various operational checks (See the Special T ools section in this Chapter).
TEST NO. 1: T raction Pump Flow (P1) A P1 B P2 R2 R1 IMPLEMENT RELIEF CHARGE RELIEF CHARGE CHECK CHARGE CHECK CHARGE PUMP TRACTION PUMP TO WHEEL FROM WHEEL FROM SHUTTLE TO LIFT FROM OIL COOLER 3 1 2 HYDROST A T FORW ARD ACCELERA TION V ALVES VA LV E VA LV E MOTORS MOTORS VA LV E VA LV E FIL TER T ANK Figure 12 1.
Procedure for T raction Pump Flow (P1) (Fig.12): 1. Make sure hydraulic oil is at normal operating tem- perature by operating the machine for approximately 10 minutes. 2. M a ke sure machine is parked on a level surface with attachments removed. Make sure engine is off.
TEST NO. 2: Charge Relief V alve (R2) and Implement Relief V alve (R1) Pressure A P1 B P2 R2 R1 IMPLEMENT RELIEF CHARGE RELIEF CHARGE CHECK CHARGE CHECK CHARGE PUMP TRACTION PUMP FROM SHUTTLE TO LIFT .
Rev . B Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System (Rev . A) Page 4 – 23 Procedure for Charge Relief V alve (R2) and Imple- ment Relief V alve (R1) Pressure : 1. Make sure hydraulic oil is at normal operating tem- perature by operating the machine for approximately 10 minutes.
TEST NO. 3: Charge Pump (P2) Flow A P1 B P2 R2 R1 IMPLEMENT RELIEF CHARGE RELIEF CHARGE CHECK CHARGE CHECK CHARGE PUMP TRACTION PUMP TO WHEEL FROM WHEEL FROM SHUTTLE TO LIFT FROM OIL COOLER 1 2 3 4 HYDROST A T FORW ARD ACCELERA TION V ALVES VA LV E VA LV E MOTORS MOTORS VA LV E VA LV E FIL TER T ANK Figure 14 1.
Procedure for Charge Pump (P2) Flow : 1. Make sure hydraulic oil is at normal operating tem- perature by operating the machine for approximately 10 minutes. 2. M a ke sure machine is parked on a level surface with the attachments lowered. Make sure engine is off and the parking brake is engaged.
TEST NO. 4: Wheel Motor Efficiency 3 1 2 M3 M2 RIGHT B A A FRONT LEFT M1 P1 B P2 R2 R1 IMPLEMENT RELIEF CHARGE RELIEF CHARGE CHECK CHARGE CHECK CHARGE PUMP TRACTION PUMP SHUTTLE FROM OIL COOLER TO LIFT FIL TER HYDROST A T FORW ARD ACCELERA TION V ALVES T ANK VA LV E VA LV E HOT OIL VA LV E VA LV E Figure 15 1.
Procedure for Wheel Motor Efficiency : Note: Over a period of time, a wheel motor can wear internally . A worn motor may by–pass oil causing the motor t o b e l ess ef ficient. Eventually , enough oil loss will cause the wheel motor to stall under heavy load condi - tions.
Adjustments Adjust T raction Pedal for Neutral If the machine “creeps” when the traction pedal is in the neutral position, the traction cam must be adjusted. 1. Park the machine on a level surface. Turn the en- gine off. 2. On the SP 2020/3020 , pivot seat upward and re- mov e engine shield.
Adjust T raction Pedal for Forward (SP 5020) If the jam nuts on the control rod are loosened or if the pedal is removed, adjusted traction pedal for forward. 1. Park machine on a level surface and turn engine of f. 2. Make sure pump is in neutral. 3. Loosen jam nuts on the control rod.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System (Rev . A) Page 4 – 30 Adjust Lift Lever (SP 2020/3020) The lift lever should be adjusted if the attachment does not float (follow ground contour) properly during opera- tion. 1. Park machine on a level surface.
Service and Repairs Check Hydraulic Lines and Hoses nozzles that eject hydraulic fluid under high pres- sure. Use paper or cardboard, not hands, to within a few hours by a doctor familiar with this W ARNING Keep body and hands away from pin hole leaks or search for leaks.
13. After the hydraulic system starts to show signs of fill, actuate lift control lever until the lift cylinder rod moves in and out several times. If the cylinder rod does not move after 10 to 15 seconds, or the pump emits abnor - mal sounds, shut the engine off immediately and deter- mine cause or problem.
Change Hydraulic System Fluid and Filter The hydraulic system filter must be changed initially af- ter the first 8 hours of operation. Thereafter , it must be changed every 400 hours of operation or yearly , which - ever comes first. Use a genuine T o ro oil filter for replace- ment.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System (Rev . A) Page 4 – 34 Lift V alve (SP 2020/3020) 1. Control panel decal 2. Lift valve shroud 3. Cap screw 4. 90 o hydraulic fitting 5. Knob 6. Lift lever 7. Cap screw 8. Offset link 9. Pivot bracket 10. Lock nut 1 1.
Removal (Fig. 25) 1. Before removing any parts from the hydraulic sys- tem, park machine on a level surface, engage parking brake, lower attachment, and stop engine.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System (Rev . A) Page 4 – 36 Lift V alve (SP 5020) 1. Lock nut 2. 90 o hydraulic fitting 3. Cap screw 4. Lock nut 5. Lever knob 6. Pivot bracket 7. Cap screw 8. Hydraulic orifice fitting 9. Hydraulic straight fitting 10.
Removal (Fig. 26) 1. Before removing any parts from the hydraulic sys- tem, park machine on a level surface, engage parking brake, lower attachment, and stop engine.
Lift V alve 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 12 15 14 1 2 8 9 9 10 4 11 12 13 14 15 3 5 6 9 8 7 9 10 11 13 Figure 27 1. Plug 6. Cam pin 1 1. Spring 2. O–ring 7. Body 12. Spring retainer 3. Spring 8. Spool 13. Spacer float 4. Ball 9. O–ring 14. Spool retaining ring 5.
Lift Cylinder (SP 2020/3020) Removal 6 1. Before removing any parts from the hydraulic sys- tem, park the machine on a level surface, engage the parking brake, lower attachment, and stop the engine. 1 2 6 5 8 3 6 6 4 4 1 7 CAUTION draulic oil. Controls must be operated with the tion switch.
Lift Cylinder(SP 5020) Removal 1. Before removing any parts from the hydraulic sys- tem, park the machine on a level surface, engage the parking brake, lower the cutting units, and stop the en - gine. CAUTION draulic oil. Controls must be operated with the tion switch.
Lift Cylinder Service 1 14 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 2 7 3 5 4 6 10 11 13 14 13 15 15 8 9 12 Figure 30 1. O–ring 6. O–ring 2. Barrel 7. Poly–pack 3. Nut 8. O–ring 4. Uni–ring 9. Back–up ring 5. Piston 10. Head Disassembly 1. Remove oil from the hydraulic cylinder into a drain pan by slowly pumping the cylinder shaft.
22 Hydrostat (SP 2020/3020) 27 28 30 15 2 4 5 6 7 12 14 15 16 17 18 20 21 23 24 25 26 8 9 10 11 13 3 3 16 17 18 19 19 20 31 32 29 33 34 29 FRONT RIGHT Figure 31 1. Not used 13. 90 o hydraulic fitting 24. Pump hub 2. Shaft cover 14. Hydraulic hose 25. Pump mount 3.
7. Remov e three cap screws securing the pump plate to the hydrostat while pulling the pump plate from the h y - drostat (Fig. 32). 8. Clean all hydraulic fittings and hydraulic hoses at- tached to t he hydrostat. Label all hydraulic connections for reassembly .
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System (Rev . A) Page 4 – 44 Hydrostat (SP 5020) 1. Hydraulic hose (to front motor) 2. O–ring 3. Hydraulic tube 4. Not used 5. Hydraulic tube 6. 90 o hydraulic fitting 7. O–ring 8. Hydrostat 9. Woodruff key 10. Lock nut 1 1.
5. Disconnect air hose from the air cleaner . Remove lower shroud from the cooler mount to prevent damage to the fan when removing the hydrostat. 6. Disconnect control rod from pump lever and wires from the neutral switch (Fig. 36). 7. Loosen both set screws (1 1) on the pump hub (19) enough to allow the hydrostat shaft to be released.
3. Reinstall O–rings and hydraulic fittings to the hy- drostat. Observe match marks when tightening. 4. Install woodruff key (9) and fan hub ( 27) with cooling fan (28) to the hydrostat shaft. Secure hub to shaft with both set screws. 5. Secure hydrostat (8) to engine base with both sock- et head screws (20) and lock nuts (10).
Flush Hydraulic System IMPORT ANT : Flush hydraulic system any time there is a severe component failure or the system is contaminated (oil appears milky or black or con - tains metal particles). IMPORT ANT : Flush hydraulic system when chang- Ing from petroleum base hydraulic fluid.
Rev . B Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System (Rev . A) Page 4 – 48 Hydrostat Service 1. Plug 2. O–ring 3. Spring 4. Ball 5. Plug 6. O–ring 7. End cap 8. Acceleration valve spring 9. Acceleration valve 10. O–ring 1 1. Plug 12. O–ring 13. Locating pin 14.
Charge Pump Disassembly 1. Make sure hydrostat is cleaned thoroughly before disassembly to prevent contamination. 2. Match mark charge pump housing and variable housing for reassembly . 3. Clean shaft to remove all sharp edges, burrs, dirt, and abrasive residue that could damage the lip seal.
Shaft Seal Removal NOTE: The hydrostat uses lip seals on the main, con- trol, and trunnion shafts. Replacement of these seals re- quires no disassembly . 1. Wh en replacing trunnion shaft seals, remove retain- ing ring and washer from the housing and shaft.
Acceleration V alve Removal (Fig. 43) 1. Remove plugs and O–rings from both sides of the end cap. 2. Slide acceleration valve and spring out of one side of the end cap. Slide other valve out the other side. Acceleration V alve Inspection (Fig. 43) 1.
T raction Pump Disassembly 1. Remove charge pump from variable housing (see Charge Pump Disassembly). 2. Remove lip seals from shaft and trunnion shafts (see Shaft Seal Removal). IMPORT ANT : All exposed surfaces are critical. Use caution to avoid damage to exposed surfaces.
T raction Pump Inspection 1. Inspect end cap (Fig. 45). A. Bearing needles must remain in the cage, roll freely , and not be bent or damaged. Remove and re - place bearings as necessary . B. Journal bearing must be free of damage. C. Needle and journal bearings should protrude be- yond face from 3/32 to 1/8 inch (2.
11 T raction Pump Assembly 1. Ma ke sure all parts are cleaned thoroughly and free of dirt and debris. 2. Secure ball bearing onto shaft with retaining ring. Press assembly into variable housing. Snap retaining ring into housing to secure bearing and shaft (Fig.
NOTE: Wh en properly installed, a light spring compres- sion can be felt when pushing the cylinder block assem- bly into the variable housing. 9. Position variable housing in a horizontal position. Slide cylinder block assembly over the shaft engaging splines.
Front Wheel Motor 15 12 11 8 18 21 16 20 14 22 1 4 6 9 5 10 7 17 2 3 19 FRONT RIGHT 45 to 55 ft–lb 6.2 to 7.6 kg–m 200 to 400 ft–lb 27.7 to 55.3 kg–m Figure 53 1. Hydraulic motor 9. Relube flangette 16. Spindle 2. 45 o hydraulic fitting 10. Flangette 17.
8. R em ov e both socket head screws and lock nuts se- curing the hydraulic motor the fork. W ARNING Before jacking up the machine, review and follow Jacking Instructions in Chapter 1 – Safety . IMPORT ANT : Support wheel and motor when jack- ing up the front fork to prevent dropping and dam- aging the motor .
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System (Rev . A) Page 4 – 58 Rear Wheel Motors (SP 2020/3020) 1. Lug nut 2. Drive stud 3. Wheel 4. Wheel hub 5. Lock nut 6. Left wheel motor 7. Right wheel motor 8. Brake drum 9. Woodruff key 10. Cotter pin 1 1. Clevis pin 12.
Removal (Fig. 57 or 55) 1. Before removing any parts from the hydraulic sys- tem, park the machine on a level surface, lower attach- ment, and stop the engine. CAUTION draulic oil. Controls must be operated with the tion switch. Operate all hydraulic controls to relieve system pressure and avoid injury from pressurized hy- ignition switch in OFF .
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System (Rev . A) Page 4 – 60 Rear Wheel Motors (SP 5020) 1. O–ring 2. O–ring 3. O–ring 4. O–ring 5. Woodruff key 6. Brake lever 7. Not used 8. Left wheel motor 9. Hydraulic tube 10. Hydraulic tube 1 1. Hydraulic straight fitting 12.
Removal (Fig. 57 or 58) 1. Before removing any parts from the hydraulic sys- tem, park the machine on a level surface, lower attach- ment, and stop the engine. CAUTION draulic oil. Controls must be operated with the tion switch. Operate all hydraulic controls to relieve system pressure and avoid injury from pressurized hy- ignition switch in OFF .
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System (Rev . A) Page 4 – 62 Wheel Motor Service 1. Dirt & water seal 2. Bearing 3. Housing 4. Back–up washer 5. Seal ring 6. Back–up washer 7. Inner seal 8. Thrust washer 9. Thrust bearing 10. Bearin g 1 1.
Disassembly (Fig. 60) it could dislodge during service and cause in- W ARNING If the wheel motor is not held firmly in the vise, jury . 1. Place wheel motor in a soft jawed vice with the cou- pling shaft (1 1) point ed down and the vise jaws clamping firmly on the sides of the housing (3).
9. Remove seal ring (5) that is between the rotor set and wearplate (18). 10. Remove drive link (13) from the coupling shaft (1 1) if it was not removed with rotor set and wear plate (18). Remove seal ring (5) from housing (3). 1 1. Rem ov e thrust bearing (12) from the top of the cou- pling shaft (1 1).
6. Inspect manifold (22) for cracks, surface scoring, peening, chipping. Replace manifold if any of these conditions exist. A polished pattern on the ground sur - face from commutator or rotor rotation is normal. NOTE: The rotor set consists of the rotor (19), vanes (20), and stator (21).
14. If the housing (3) has passed inspection to this point, inspect outer bearing (2), inner bearing (10), thrust washers (8), and thrust bearing (9). Bearing roll - ers m ust be firmly retained in the bearing cages but must rotate and orbit freely . All rollers and thrust washers must be free of peening and corrosion.
6. Apply masking tape around splines or keyway on coupling shaft (1 1) to prevent damage to seal. IMPORT ANT : The outer bearing (2) is not lubricated by the system’s hydraulic fluid. Make sure it is thor - oughly packed with Mobil Mobilith SHC R 460 grease.
NOTE: The rotor set consists of the rotor (19), vanes (20), and stator (21). Rotor set components may be - come disassembled during service procedures. Do not service separately . NOTE: It may be necessary to turn one alignment stud out of the housing (3) temporarily to assemble rotor set over the drive link (13).
E. Grasp the output end of coupling shaft (1 1) with 23. T orque both plugs from 9 to 12 ft–lb (1.2 to 1.7 locking pliers or other appropriate turning device. kg–m). Rotate coupling shaft, drive link (13), and rotor (19) to seat the rotor and the assembled vanes (20) into 24.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System (Rev . A) Page 4 – 70 Hydraulic T ank (SP 2020/3020) 1. Oil cap 2. Shoulder screw 3. Worm clamp 4. Hydraulic tank 5. 45 o hydraulic fitting 6. Cap screw 7. Lock washer 8. Filter head 9. Flat washer 10. Cap screw 1 1.
Removal (Fig. 86) 1. Before removing any parts from the hydraulic sys- tem, park machine on a level surface, set brake, lower attachment, and stop engine. CAUTION draulic oil. Controls must be operated with the tion switch. Operate all hydraulic controls to relieve system pressure and avoid injury from pressurized hy- ignition switch in OFF .
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System (Rev . A) Page 4 – 72 Hydraulic Oil Cooler (SP 2020/3020) 1. Hood 2. Oil cooler 3. Rubber clamp 4. T–nut 5. 90 o hydraulic fitting 6. V alve to cooler tube 7. Operating decal 8. Cover 9. Flat head screw 10.
Removal (Fig. 87) 1. Before removing any parts from the hydraulic sys- tem, park machine on a level surface, set brake, lower attachment, and stop engine. CAUTION draulic oil. Controls must be operated with the tion switch. Operate all hydraulic controls to relieve system pressure and avoid injury from pressurized hy- ignition switch in OFF .
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Hydraulic System (Rev . A) Page 4 – 74 Hydraulic T ank and Oil Cooler (SP 5020) 1. T ether retainer 2. T ether 3. T ank cap 4. Filler screen 5. O–ring 6. 90 o Hydraulic fitting 7. Hose clamp 8. O–ring 9. 90 o hydraulic fitting 10.
2 CAUTION drostat from the frame. One person should operate the chain fall or jack while the other person guides the engine and hy- 3. Plug both ends of oil cooler . Clean exterior of cooler . Make sure fins are clear of dirt and debris. 4. The oil cooler should be free of corrosion, cracked tubes, and excessive pitting of tubes.
Oil Cooler Installation (Fig. 88) 1. Make sure both hydraulic openings to the oil cooler are clean. Remove plugs from the cooler openings. 2. Reinstall O–r i ngs and 90 o hydraulic fittings to the oil cooler . T orque fittings from 36 to 40 ft–lb (5.
Chapter 5 Electrical Systems T able of Contents ELECTRICAL SCHEMA TICS AND DIAGRAMS . . . 2 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM QUICK CHECKS . . . . . . . . 9 Sand Pro 2020/3020 Electrical Schematic . . . . . . 2 Battery T est (Open Circuit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BLACK Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 5 – 2 Electrical Systems OPTIONAL LIGHTS BLUE/WHITE BLACK BLACK BLACK BLACK RED/WHITE BLUE BLUE GREEN RED BLACK – + NEUTRAL SWITCH FUSE (20 AMP) RED RED WHITE RED SOLENOID HOUR METER IGNITION SWITCH BLUE + – ENGINE FUEL REG.
HOUR ST ART METER SOLENOID GROUND FUSE ENGINE J3 J4 J5 J6 J7 J8 P1 P3 P4 J1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 A B 1 1 1 W8 W10 W2 W3 W14 W13 W5 W6 W5 W7 W10 W12 W1 W4 W4 1 W3 J12 NEUTRAL SWITCH W14 1 W6 J13 W8 W1 W9 B S .
OPTIONAL (–) (+) HR SP SPLICE FUSIBLE LINK FL ENGINE FUEL REG. SP FL FUSE 10 A S L B A M G FL SP (–) (+) FRAME FRAME NEUTRAL (CLOSED IN NEUTRAL) OFF RUN G+M+A B+L+A B+L+S IGNITION SWITCH POSITION TERMINAL CONTINUITY Electrical Schematic Sand Pro 5020 All relays and solenoids are shown as de–energized.
ENGINE METER SOLENOID GROUND AL T FUEL MAGNETO HOUR STAR T FRAME FUSE J3 J4 J6 J5 J7 J8 P1 P3 P4 J1 1 WIRE IDENTIFICA TION LABEL COLOR A WG TYPE W1 N/A 18 FUSABLE LINK ROUTE J7 TO SP1 Sand Pro 5020 W2.
Special T ools Order special tools from the TORO SPECIAL TOOLS Some tools may also be available from a local supplier . AND APPLICA TIONS GUIDE (COMMERCIAL PROD- UCTS) . Multimeter The meter can test electrical components and circuits for current, resistance, or voltage.
T roubleshooting CAUTION Remove all especially rings and watches, before doing any electrical trouble- cables unless the test requires battery voltage.
Starting Problems (continued) Problem Possible Causes Engine cranks, but does not start. Wiring to start circuitry (see Wiring Schematics) is loose, corroded, or damaged. 10 ampere fuse is missing or open (SP 5020). Ignition switch is faulty . Fuel solenoid is faulty .
Electrical System Quick Checks Battery T est (Open Circuit T est) Use a multimeter to measure the voltage between the battery terminals. Set multimeter to the DC volts setting. The battery should be at a temperature of 60 to 100 _ F (16 to 38 _ C). The ignition key should be off and all accessories turned off.
Component T esting For accurate resistance and/or continuity checks, elec- trically disconnect the component being tested from the circuit (e.g. unplug the ignition switch connector before doing a continuity check).
Hour Meter IMPORT ANT : Make sure to observe polarity on the meter label when testing. Damage to the meter may result from an improper connection. 1. Connect the positive (+) terminal of a 12 VDC source to the positive terminal of the hour meter . 2. Connect the negative (–) terminal of the voltage source to the other terminal of the hour meter .
Starter Solenoid NOTE: Prior to taking small resistance readings with a digital multimeter , short the test leads together . The me - ter will display a small resistance value (usually 0.5 ohms or less). This resistance is due to the internal re - sistance of the meter and test leads.
Service and Repairs NOTE: For more component repair information, see the Briggs and Stratton V anguard Service and Repair Manual for 4–Cycle, V–T win Cylinder , OHV Engines. Battery Storage If the machine will be stored for more than 30 days 1. Remove the battery and charge it fully (see Battery Service).
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 5 – 14 Electrical Systems Battery Service The battery is the heart of the electrical system. With regular and proper service, battery life can be extend. Additionally , battery and electrical component failure can be prevented.
Inspection, Maintenance, and T esting (Fig. 12) 1. Perform following inspections and maintenance: A. Check for cracks caused by overly tight hold– down clamp. Replace battery if cracked and leak - ing. B. Check battery terminal posts for corrosion. Use a terminal brush or steel wool to clean corrosion from the battery terminal posts.
E. Connect a battery load tester to the battery ter- minals following the manufacturer ’ s instruc- tion s. Connect a digital multimeter to the battery terminals. F . Apply a test load of one half the Cranking Perfor- mance (see Battery Specifications) rating of the bat- tery for 15 seconds.
2. Determine the charging time and rate using the manufacturer ’ s battery charger instructions or the following table. Battery Battery Charge Level Reserve (Percent of Fully Charged) Capacity Capacity (Minutes) 75% 50% 25% 0% 80 or less 3.8 hrs 7.5 hrs 1 1.
Optional Lights After market lighting kits are available for the SP 2020/3020 and SP 5020 . These kits can be electrically connected to the machine’s electrical system using the proper wiring diagram as a guide (see Sand Pro 2020/3020 or Sand Pro 5020 Harness and Wiring Dia - grams).
Chapter 6 Wheels, Brakes, and Miscellaneous T able of Contents SPECIFICA TIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 ADJUSTMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Adjust Steering Chain . . . . . . . . . .
Specifications Item Description Front tire pressure 4 to 6 PSI, (0.28 to 0.41 bar) Rear tire pressure 4 to 6 PSI, (0.28 to 0.41 bar) Wheel lug nut torque 45 to 55 ft–lb, (6.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 6 – 3 Wheels, Brakes,and Miscellaneous Adjustments Adjust Steering Chain NOTE: Since the chain and sprocket are subjected to sand thrown up by the front tire, inspect them frequently for wear . If either the chain or sprocket is worn beyond acceptable limits, replace both chain and sprocket.
Adjust Brake (SP 2020/3020) CAUTION check the brakes in a wide open area that is flat and free of other persons and obstructions. Before and after adjusting the brakes, always 1. While driving the machine, pull brake lever . Both wheels should lock equally .
Service and Repairs Seat (SP 2020/3020) 1 5 3 4 2 9 10 11 2 4 6 12 7 8 6 13 14 15 16 Figure 5 1. Seat 7. Cap screw 12. Angle bracket 2. Cap screw 8. Seat clamp 13. Spacer 3. R–clamp 9. Service decal 14. Lock nut 4. Flat washer 10. Rubber cushion 15.
Front Wheel (SP 2020) 10 6 2 1 11 5 5 4 7 13 5 7 6 3 12 5 9 4 8 2 1 FRONT RIGHT 14 3 Figure 6 1. Hex nut 6. Bearing 1 1. Lug nut 2. Lock washer 7. Locking collar 12. Drive stud 3. Carriage bolt 8. Tire 13. Wheel rim 4. Set screw 9. Front axle 14. V alve stem 5.
Installation (Fig. 6) 4. Secure bearing flanges to the front fork with car - 1. Position front axle and drive studs through the wheel rim. Secure axle to rim with lug nuts to studs. T orque nuts from 45 to 55 ft–lb (6.2 to 7.6 kg–m). 2. Place bearing between two bearing flanges.
Front Wheel (SP 3020 and SP 5020) FRONT RIGHT 9 12 8 7 4 15 16 13 2 5 1 6 3 14 10 11 17 Figure 7 1. Set screw 7. Bearing tab 13. Spindle 2. Locking collar 8. Front fork 14. Bearing 3. Cap screw 9. Socket head screw 15. Lug nut 4. Lock nut 10. Lock nut 16.
9. If the wheel hub needs replacing, remove hydraulic motor from hydraulic lines, and remove hub from motor (see Front Wheel Removal in Chapter 4 – Hydraulic Systems).
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 6 – 10 Wheels, Brakes, and Miscellaneous Rear Wheels and Brakes 1. Lug nut 2. Drive stud 3. Wheel 4. Hub 5. Lock nut 6. Motor shaft 7. Brake drum 8. Woodruff key 9. Cotter pin 10. Clevis pin 1 1. Brake lever 12. Clevis 13.
NOTE: The brake lever , backing plate, retaining clip, return springs, brake shoes, and cam shaft can be re - moved as a complete brake assembly . 7. If it is desired to remove the brake assembly from the brake bracket, remove four cap screws and lock nuts securing the assembly to the bracket.
Brake Linkages (SP 2020/3020) 5 7 12 11 10 15 13 14 16 7 17 4 3 7 2 1 9 18 8 20 19 6 8 9 21 RIGHT FRONT Figure 10 1. Cap screw 8. Clevis 15. Side flange bearing 2. Lock nut 9. Jam nut 16. Cap screw 3. Brake lever 10. Brake rod 17. Brake arm 4. Spacer 1 1.
Brake Linkages (SP 5020) 30 29 31 28 26 27 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 13 14 15 20 21 17 4 25 32 1 1/12 RIGHT FRONT Figure 12 1. Curved washer 12. Right bearing bracket 23. Cap screw 2. Lever bracket 13. W asher head screw 24. Spacer 3.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 6 – 14 Wheels, Brakes, and Miscellaneous Front Fork and Steering (SP 2020 and Older SP 3020 Models) 1. Steering wheel 2. Roll pin 3. Upper steering shaft 4. Sleeve bushing 5. Steering post 6. Cap screw 7. Flange bushing 8.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 6 – 15 Wheels, Brakes,and Miscellaneous Front Fork and Steering (Newer SP 3020 Models) 1. Steering wheel 2. Roll pin 3. Upper steering shaft 4. Sleeve bushing 5. Steering post 6. Cap screw 7. Flange bushing 8. Drive–lock pin 9.
Upper Steering Disassembly (Fig. 13 and 14) NOTE: The front fork and steering assemblies on the SP 2020 and SP 3020 are almost identical. However , there are differences in the construction of the front fork, chain guide, chain bracket, and the number of steering washers.
Lower Steering Disassembly (Fig. 13 and 14) NOTE: If disassembly of the steering mechanism be- low the steering knuckle is required, proceed as follows: 1. Loosen lock nut on the steering adjustment pin enough to loosen the steering chain from the sprocket.
4. Position fork shaft up through frame. Install bearing cone and bearing washer onto the shaft. If bearing con - es were damaged, install new bearing cone onto shaft. 5. Screw slotted nut onto the fork shaft until a slight drag is felt while rotating the fork.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 6 – 19 Wheels, Brakes,and Miscellaneous Seat (SP 5020) 1. R–clamp 2. Lock washer 3. Cap screw 4. Manual tube 5. Seat adjust plate 6. Round head screw 7. Flat washer 8. Service decal 9. L ynch pin 10. Lock nut 1 1. 4–inch seat slider 12.
Sand Pro 2020/3020/5020 Page 6 – 20 Wheels, Brakes, and Miscellaneous Steering (SP 5020) 1. Steering wheel 2. Roll pin 3. Cap screw 4. Handle 5. Steering adjust lever 6. Tilt lock pin 7. Upper lock block 8. Retaining ring 9. Flat washer 10. Cap screw 1 1.
Upper Steering Disassembly (Fig. 19) NOTE: If disassembly above the steering knuckle is re- quired, use the following procedure. 1. Park machine on a level surface, lower attachment, stop engine, engage parking brake, and remove key from the ignition switch.
Front Fork (SP 5020) Removal (Fig. 20) NOTE: If disassembly of the front fork and its bearings is required, proceed as follows: W ARNING Before jacking up the machine, review and follow Jacking Instructions in Chapter 1 – Safety . 1. Jack up front wheel enough to allow removal of the front fork.
Hood and Dash Panel (SP 2020/3020) Removal 1. Park machine on a level surface, lower attachment, stop engine, engage parking brake, and remove key from the ignition switch. 2. Disconnect black (negative) cable from the battery . 3. Remove three flange head screws securing the hood to the front shield (Fig.
Fenders (SP 5020) Left Fender(Seat Base )Removal (Fig. 44) 1. Park machine on a level surface, lower attachment, stop engine, engage parking brake, and remove key from the ignition switch. 2. Pivot seat up. Separate seat rod from the base by removing cotter pin and flat washer .
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Commercial Products E The T oro Company – 1998.
Un point important après l'achat de l'appareil (ou même avant l'achat) est de lire le manuel d'utilisation. Nous devons le faire pour quelques raisons simples:
Si vous n'avez pas encore acheté Toro 3020 c'est un bon moment pour vous familiariser avec les données de base sur le produit. Consulter d'abord les pages initiales du manuel d'utilisation, que vous trouverez ci-dessus. Vous devriez y trouver les données techniques les plus importants du Toro 3020 - de cette manière, vous pouvez vérifier si l'équipement répond à vos besoins. Explorant les pages suivantes du manuel d'utilisation Toro 3020, vous apprendrez toutes les caractéristiques du produit et des informations sur son fonctionnement. Les informations sur le Toro 3020 va certainement vous aider à prendre une décision concernant l'achat.
Dans une situation où vous avez déjà le Toro 3020, mais vous avez pas encore lu le manuel d'utilisation, vous devez le faire pour les raisons décrites ci-dessus,. Vous saurez alors si vous avez correctement utilisé les fonctions disponibles, et si vous avez commis des erreurs qui peuvent réduire la durée de vie du Toro 3020.
Cependant, l'un des rôles les plus importants pour l'utilisateur joués par les manuels d'utilisateur est d'aider à résoudre les problèmes concernant le Toro 3020. Presque toujours, vous y trouverez Troubleshooting, soit les pannes et les défaillances les plus fréquentes de l'apparei Toro 3020 ainsi que les instructions sur la façon de les résoudre. Même si vous ne parvenez pas à résoudre le problème, le manuel d‘utilisation va vous montrer le chemin d'une nouvelle procédure – le contact avec le centre de service à la clientèle ou le service le plus proche.
