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HP Pr oC ur v e S wit ch So ft w ar e Multicas t and R outing Guide 350 0 swi tc he s 3 500yl s wit ches 5400z l s witches 6 200y l sw itc hes 66 00 s witc hes 8 2 00zl sw itches Sof t ware ve rsio n K.
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HP ProCurve 3500 Switches 3500yl Switches 5400zl Switches 6200yl Switch 6600 Switches 8200zl Switches September 2009 K.14.34 Multicast and Routing Guide.
© Copyright 2005–2009 Hewlett-P ackard Development Company, L.P . The infor mation contained herein is subjec t to change with- out notice. All Ri ghts Reserved.
Contents Product Documentation About Your Switch Manual Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii Printed Publications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii Electronic Publications .
2 Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (IGMP) Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Multicast Flow Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7 General Configuration Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9 Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Static Rendezvous Point (Static-RP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17 Changing the Randomiz ed Delay Setting for Enabling, Disabling, or Changing Router PIM Example of Configuring PIM-SM Suppo rt in the Operating Rules and Recommendations .
Listing Data for an Activ e Multicast Gro up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-48 Displaying Current PIM Ent ries Existing In the Multicast Displaying a Specific PIM En try Stored in the Multicast Displaying the Router’s Candidate-RP Status Listing All VLANs Having Currently Active PIM Fl ows .
Configuring IP Paramete rs for Routing Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15 Configuring IP Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15 Changing the Router ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Changing the Cost of Routes Lear ned on a VLAN Interface . . . . 5-33 Configuring RIP Redist ribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-34 Define RIP Redistribution Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Configuring OSPF o n the Routing Sw itch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-62 1. Enable IP Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-62 2. Enable Global O SPF Routin g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Displaying OSPF SPF Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-117 OSPF Equal-Cost Multipat h (ECMP) for Different Subnets Available Thr ough the Same Displaying OSPF Route Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-119 Displaying OSPF Traps Enabled .
Option 82 Field Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-138 Forwarding Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-141 Configuration Opti ons for Managing DHCP Client Request Packets .
Basic Configurati on Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13 Example Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15 Associating More Than One Virtual IP Address With a VR .
VRRP Statistics Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-39 Displaying Global VRRP Statistics Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-39 Displaying Statistics for All VRRP Instances on the Router . .
Product Documentation About Y our Switch Manual Set Note For the latest version of all ProCur ve switch documentation, including Release Notes covering re cently added features, please visit the ProCurve Networking W eb site at www .procurve.com/manua ls .
Software Feature Index For the software manual set supporting your 3500/ 3500yl/5400zl/6200yl/6600/ 8200zl switch model, this feature inde x indicates which manual to consu lt for information on a gi ven software feature. Note This Index does not cover IPv6 capable software features.
Intelligent Edge Software Features Manual Management and Configuration Advanced T raffic Management Multicast and Routing Access Security Guide 802.1X Multiple Authent icated Clients Per Port Access C.
Intelligent Edge Software Features Manual Management and Configuration Advanced T raffic Management Multicast and Routing Access Security Guide Factory Default Settings Flow Control (802.
Intelligent Edge Software Features Manual Management and Configuration Advanced T raffic Management Multicast and Routing Access Security Guide Multiple Configuration Files Network Management Applicat.
Intelligent Edge Software Features Manual Management and Configuration Advanced T raffic Management Multicast and Routing Access Security Guide sFlow SFTP SNMPv3 Software Downloads (SCP/SFTP , TFPT , .
Intelligent Edge Software Features Manual Management and Configuration Advanced T raffic Management Multicast and Routing Access Security Guide W eb-based Authentication W eb UI X X xxiii.
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1 Getting Started Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Getting Started Introduction Introduction This guide is intended for use with th e following ProCurve switches: ■ 8200zl switches ■ 6600 switches ■ 5400zl switches ■ 3500, 3500yl and 6200yl sw.
Getting Started Conventions Syntax: aaa port-access authenticator < port-list > Command Prompts In the defaul t configuration, your switch disp lays a CLI prompt similar to the following example: ProCurve 8212zl# T o sim plify recognition, this guide uses ProCurve to repres ent command prompts for all sw itch models.
Getting Started Sources for More Information Sources for More Information For information about switch operation and features no t covered in this guide, consult the f ollowing sources: ■ Feature Index—For information on wh ich manual to consult for a given software feature, ref er to the “Sof tware Feature Index” on page x iv.
Getting Started Sources for More Information • file transfers, switch monitoring, troub leshooting, and MAC address management ■ Advanced T raffic Management Guide —Use this guide for inform ation on topics such as: • VLANs: Static port-b ased and protocol VLANs, and dyna mic GVRP VLANs • spanning-T ree: 802 .
Getting Started Sources for More Information Getting Documentation From the W eb T o obtain the latest versions of documentation and release notes for yo ur switch, go to the ProCurve Ne tworking manuals web page at www .
Getting Started Sources for More Information Command Line Interface If you need i nformation on a specific command in the CLI, type the co mmand name fo llowed by help .
1 Getting Started Need Only a Quick Start? Need Only a Quick Start? IP Addressing If you just want to give th e switch an IP address so that it can communicate on your network, or if you are not us in g VLANs, ProCur ve recommen ds that you use the Switch Setup sc reen to quickly configure IP addressing.
2 Multimedia T raffic Control with IP Multicast (IGMP) Contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 IGMP General Op eration and Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) Overview Overview This chapter describes mult imed ia traffi c control with I P multicast (IGMP) to reduce unnecessary bandwidt h usage on a per -p.
Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) IGMP General Operation and Features IGMP General Operation and Features IGMP Features Feature Default Menu CLI view igmp configuration n/a — page.
Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) IGMP General Operation and Features Note IGMP configu ration on the switches covered in this guide operates at the VLAN context level. If y ou are not using VLANs, then configure IGMP in VLAN 1 (the default VLAN) context.
Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) IGMP General Operation and Features IGMP Operating Features Basic Operation In the factory defau lt configuration, IGMP is disabl ed. T o enable IG MP ■ If multiple VLANs are no t confi gured, you configure I GMP on the default VLAN (DEF AUL T_VLAN; VID = 1).
Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) IGMP General Operation and Features Notes Whenever IGMP is enabled, the swit ch generates an Event Log message indicating whet her querie r functionality is enabled. IP multicast traffi c groups are identified by IP ad dresses in the range of 224.
Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP IGMP Commands Used in This Section show ip igmp configuration page 2-7 ip.
Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP For example, suppose you have the follo wing VL AN and IGMP configurat ions on the switch: VLAN ID VLAN Name I.
Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP Enabling or Disabling IGMP on a VLAN. Y ou can enable IGMP on a VLAN, along with the last-save d or de fault IGMP configuration (whichever was most recently set), or you can disable IGMP on a selected VLAN.
Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP Configuring Per -Port IGMP T raffic Filters. Syntax: vlan < vid > ip igmp [auto < port-list > | blocked < port-list > | forward < port-list > ] Used in the VLAN context, th is command specifies how each port should han dle IGMP traffic.
Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP Configuring IGMP T raf fic Priority . Syntax: [no] vlan < vid > ip igmp h igh-priority-forward This command assigns “high” priority to IGMP traffic or returns a high-priority setting to “normal” priority .
Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) How IGMP Operates How IGMP Operates The Internet Group Man agement Protocol (IGMP) is an int ernal protocol of the Internet Proto col (IP) suite. IP manages multicast traffic by using switches, multicast routers, and hosts that support IGMP .
Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates in the join request is d etermined by the requesting appli cation running on the IGMP client.
Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) How IGMP Operates T able 2-1.Comp arison of IGMP Operation With and Without IP Add ressing IGMP Function Av ailabl e With IP Addressing Configured .
Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates Automatic Fast-Leave IGMP Fast-Leave IGMP . Depending on the switch model, Fast-Leave is enabled or disabled in the default configuration.
Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) How IGMP Operates Because of the m ulticast flood ing problem mentio ned above, the IGMP Fast- Leave feature is disabled by default on all ProCurve switches that do not support Data-Driven I G MP. (See th e tabl e above.
Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates does not wait for the actual Querie r to verify that there are no other group members on port A3. If the switch itself is the Queri er, it does n ot query p ort A3 for the presence of other group members.
Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) How IGMP Operates “X” member on that port. If the port does not rece ive a join request for that group within the forced-leave interval, the switch the n blocks any further group “X” traffic to the port.
Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates IGMP Proxy Forwarding Note For more informatio n about PIM-DM and PIM-SM, see the chapters “ PIM-DM (Dense Mode) ” and “ PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) ” in this guide.
Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) How IGMP Operates Routin g Swi tch 2 Routin g Swi tch 3 Border router 1 PIM DM DOMA IN VLAN 3 V LA N 4 Proxy jo ins towards Border router 1 Border router 2 Routin g Swi tch 1 VLAN 1 VLAN 2 Initia l IGMP join For 235.
Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates CLI Commands for IGMP Proxy Configuration Syntax: [no] igmp-proxy-domain <domain -name> [<border -router-ip-address> <mcast-range | all>] Add or leave a multicast domain.
Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) How IGMP Operates The example below shows the lower and upper boundaries of the multicast address range associated with th e domain named Bob. ProCurve(config)# igmp-proxy-domain Bob 111.11.111.111 234.
Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates IGMP Proxy Show Command Syntax: show igmp-proxy < entries | domain s | vlans > Shows the currently active IGMP proxy entries, domains, or vlans.
Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) How IGMP Operates ProCurve(config)# show igmp-proxy vlans IGMP PROXY VLANs VID Multicast Domain Active entries ------ ---------------- -------------- 1 George 1 1 Sam 1 1 Jane 0 2 George 1 4 George 0 4 Bill 0 Figure 2-9.
Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates ■ Y ou must remove all VLAN associations with the domai n name before that domain na me can be removed. ■ The appropriate border ro uters must be used for each VLAN, or PIM-DM will not forward the traffic.
Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) How IGMP Operates Routing Switch 2 Routing Switch 3 Routing Switch 1 (Border router) PIM SM DO MAIN PIM DM DOMAI N VLAN 1 VLAN 2 Proxy VL A N 2 to 1 Proxy VL A N 1 to 2 Figure 2-10.
Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) Using the Switch as Querier Using the Switch as Querier The function of the IGMP Queri er is to poll other IGMP-enabled devi ces in an IGMP-enabled VL AN to elicit group membership inf ormat ion.
Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) Excluding Well-Known or Reserved Multicast Addresses from IP Multicast Filtering Excluding W ell-Known or Reserved Multicast Addresses from IP Multicast Filtering Each multicast host group is identified by a single IP ad dress in the range of 224.
Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) Excluding Well-Known or Reserved Multicas t Addresses from IP Multicast Filtering Notes IP Multicast Filters.
Multimedia Traffic Contro l with IP Multicast (IGMP) Excluding Well-Known or Reserved Multicast Addresses from IP Multicast Filtering 2-30.
3 PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Overview Overview This chapt er describes protocol -independent mul ticast routing operatio n on the switches covered in this guide and how to configure it with the switch’ s bui.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Introduction Introduction Feature Default Menu CLI Web Configure PIM Global n/a — 3-12 — Configure PIM VLAN Interface n/a — 3-15 — Display PIM Route Data Disabled — 3-23 .
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Feature Overview Feature Overview PIM-DM on the switches covered in this guide includes: ■ Routing Protocol Support: PIM uses whichever unicast rou ting proto- col is running on the rout in g switch.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) PIM-DM Operation PIM-DM Operation PIM-DM operates at the router level to di rect traffic for a particular multicast group along the most efficient path to th e VLANs hav ing hosts that have joined that group. A unicast source address and a multicast group address comprise a given source/group (S/G ) pair .
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) PIM-DM Operation Switch/IGMP Routing Switch (PIM & IGMP) Routing Switch (PIM & IGMP) Switch/IGMP Routing Switch (PIM) Switch/IGMP Switch/IGMP Switch/IGMP Video Serv er Multicast T ree Hosts Hosts Figure 3-1.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) PIM-DM Operation Multicast Flow Management This section provides det ails on how the ro uting switch manages for w arding and pruned flows. This inform ation is useful when planning topologies to include multicast support and when viewing an d interpretin g the Show co m- mand output for PIM-DM features.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) PIM-DM Operation 8212zl #1 8212zl #2 ProCurve 8212zl #3 8212zl #4 Other Multicast Router Other Multicast Router Indicates Paths Requirin g Periodic Flood -Prune Cycles for a Given .
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Terminology General Configuration Elements The configu red elemen ts PIM-DM require s are: 1. IP routing enabled on all routing switches you want to carry routed multicast traffic.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) PIM-DM Operating Rules Multicast Address: I n IP multicast traffic on the switch, t his is a single IP address that can be used by a group of related or unrelated clients wanting the same data. A sing le S/G pair cons ists of unicast source address and a multicast group address.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Configuring PIM-DM Configuring PIM-DM Command Page PIM Global Context Command s [no] ip multicast-routing 3-12 [no] router pim 3-12 state-refresh 3-13 trap 3-13 PIM Interface Conte.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Configuring PIM-DM PIM-DM requires configur ation on both th e global level and on the VLAN (interface) level. The recommend ed configuration order is: 1. Enable IGMP on all VLANs where hosts may join a multicast grou p. 2. Enable the following at the global level.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Configuring PIM-DM Syntax: router pim state-refresh < 10 - 300 > Executed in the PIM context, th is command sets the interval in seconds between successive State Refresh messages orig- inated by the routing switch. Note th at only the routing switch connected directly to the unicast source initiates state-refresh packets.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Configuring PIM-DM T o configure global-level PIM operation for the “821 2zl #1” routing switch, you would use the commands shown in figur e 3-3, below . ProCurve(config)# show run Running configuration: ; J8697A Configuration Editor; Created on release #K.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Configuring PIM-DM After configuring the global-level PIM operation on a ro uting switch, go to the device’ s VLAN context le vel for each VLAN you want to include in your multicast rout ing domain. (Refer to “PIM VLAN (Interface) Conf iguration Context”, below .
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Configuring PIM-DM For example, if multiple rout ers are connected to the same VLAN and the routing switch requests multicast traffic, all routers on the VLAN receive that traffic. (Those which have pruned the traffic will drop it when they receive it.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Configuring PIM-DM Syntax: ip pim-dense [ max-graft-retries < 1 - 10 > vlan < vid > ip pim-dense [ max-gra ft-retries < 1 - 10 > Changes the number of times th e routing switch will retry sending the same graft packet to j oin a flow.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Configuring PIM-DM Syntax: ip pim-dense [ prop agation-delay < 250-2000 >] vlan < vid > ip pim-dense [ propagation-delay < 250-2000 >] ip pim-dense [ override-int.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Configuring PIM-DM Syntax: ip pim-dense [ ttl-threshold < 0 - 255 > ] vlan < vid > ip pim-dense [ ttl-threshold < 0 - 255 > ] Sets the multica st datagram time-to-live (rou ter hop-count) threshold for the VLAN.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Configuring PIM-DM 8212zl #3 VLAN 25 10.38.10.3 10.38.30.1 10.38.31.1 VLAN 28 10.28.30.1 VLAN 30 10.30.229.2 8212zl #1 VLAN 25 10.38.10.1 10.38.11.1 10.38.12.1 VLAN 27 10.27.30.1 VLAN 29 10.29.30.1 8212zl #2 VLAN 25 10.38.10.2 10.38.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Configuring PIM-DM ProCurve(config)# show run ... ip routing ... vlan 29 name "VLAN29" untagged A11-A15,A17 ip address 10.29.30.1 255.255.255. 0 ip igmp exit vlan 25 name "VLAN25" untagged A20-A24 ip address 10.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Displaying PIM Data and Configuration Settings Displaying PIM Data and Configuration Settings Command Page show ip mroute 3-23 [ interface < vid >] 3-24 [< multicast-ip-a .
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Displaying PIM Dat a a nd Configuration Settings Displaying PIM Route Data Syntax: show ip mroute Without parameters, lists all VLANs actively forwarding routed, multicast traffic. Group Address: The multicast add ress of the specific multicast group (flow).
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Displaying PIM Data and Configuration Settings Syntax: show ip mroute [ interface < vid >] Lists these settings: VLAN: The VID specified in the command. Protocol Identity: PIM-DM only . TTL: The time-to-live threshold fo r packets forwarded through this VLAN.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Displaying PIM Dat a a nd Configuration Settings Syntax: show ip mroute [< multicast - ip-ad dr > < source-ip-addr >] Lists the following data for th e specified flow (multicast group): Group Address : The multicast group IP address for the current group.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Displaying PIM Data and Configuration Settings Multicast Routing Protocol : Identifies the multicast routing protocol through which the current flow was learned. Unicast Routing Protocol : Identifies the routing protocol through which the routing switch lear ned the upstream interface for the current multicast flow.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Displaying PIM Dat a a nd Configuration Settings ProCurve(config)# show i p mroute 239.255.255.5 10.27.30.2 IP Multicast Route Entry Group Address : 239.255.255.5 Source Address : 10.27.30.2 Source Mask : 255.255.255.0 Neighbor : 10.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Displaying PIM Data and Configuration Settings Displaying PIM Status Syntax: show ip pim Displays PIM status and global parameters.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Displaying PIM Dat a a nd Configuration Settings Syntax: show ip pim [interface] Lists the PIM interfaces (VLAN s) currently configured in the routing switch. VLAN: Lists the VID of each VLAN configured on the switch to support PIM-DM.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Displaying PIM Data and Configuration Settings Syntax: show ip pim [interface [< vi d >]] Displays the current configurat ion for the specified VLAN (PIM interface). Refer to table 3-1, below. ProCurve(config)# show ip pim interface 29 PIM Interface VLAN : 29 IP Address : 10.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Displaying PIM Dat a a nd Configuration Settings Field Default Control Command Override Interval 2500 vlan < vi d > ip pim-dense override- interval < 500 - 6000 > (msec.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Displaying PIM Data and Configuration Settings This output shows the routing switch is receiving two mult icast groups from an upstream device at 10.27.30.2. The “ 0 ” metric sh ows that the routi ng switch is directly connected to the multicast source.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Displaying PIM Dat a a nd Configuration Settings DownStream Interfa ces: – VLAN: Lists the VID of the destination VLAN on the next- hop multicast ro uter . – Prune Reason: Identifies the reason for pruning the flow to the indicated VLAN: • Prune: A neighbor multicast router has sent a prune request.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Displaying PIM Data and Configuration Settings Syntax: show ip pim [neighbor] Lists PIM neighbor information for all PIM neighbors connected to the routing switch: IP Address: Lists the IP address of a neighbor multicast router . VLAN: Lists the VLAN through which the routing switch connects to the indi cated neighbor .
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Operating Notes Syntax: show ip pim [neighbor [< ip-ad dress >]] Lists the same information as show ip pim neig hbor (page 3-34) for the specified PIM neighbor: This example simulates output from Routing Switch “# 1” in Figu re 3-4 on Page 3-20.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Operating Notes Flow Capacity . The routing switch provides an ample multicast environ- ment, supporting 204 8 multicast flows in hardware across a maximum of 64 VLANs.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Troubleshooting T roubleshooting Symptom: Noticeable slowdown in some multicast traf fic. If the switch is supporti ng more than 1022 active flows.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Messages Related to PIM Operation Messages Related to PIM Operation These messages appear in the Event Log and, if Syslog Debug is configured , in the designated Debug destinations.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Messages Related to PIM Operation Message Meaning I/F removal with IP < ip-addr > on vid Indicates that a PIM interf ace (VLAN) has been removed < vlan-id > (< coun ter >) from the router as a result of an IP address change or removal.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Messages Related to PIM Operation Message Meaning Rcvd pkt from rtr < ip-address > , unkwn A packet received from the router at < ip-address > is an pkt type < value > (< counter >) unknown PIM packet type. (The < value > variable is the numeric value received in the packet.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Applicable RFCs Message Meaning Unable to alloc a msg buffer for < text-message > (< counte r >) Multicast routing is un able to acquire memory for a flow . Router memory is oversubs cribed. Reduce the number of VLANs or the number of featur es in use.
PIM-DM (Dense Mode) Exceptions to Support for RFC 29 32 - Multicast Routing MIB Exceptions to Support for RFC 2932 - Multicast Routing MIB These MIB objects are not supported in the switches covered in this guide.
4 PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4 Feature Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Contents VLAN Context Commands for Configuring PIM-SM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28 Changing the Randomiz ed Delay Setting for Enabling, Disabling, or Changing Router PIM Examp.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Contents Displaying BSR Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-61 Displaying BSR Status and Configur ation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-61 Listing Non-Default BSR Con f ig uration Settings .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Introduction Introduction Feature Default CLI Enable PIM-SM Support Disabled 4-26 Configure PIM-SM o n VLAN Interfaces Disabled 4-28 Configure Router PIM Context Bootstrap Router .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Feature Overview and group members are sparsely distribut ed over a wide area can result in unnecessary multicast traffi c on routers outside the dist ribution paths needed for traffic between a given multicast s ource and the hosts belonging to the multicast group.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Terminology software co vered in this guide.) Note that BSR o peration does n ot extend to statically configure d RPs. (For more on this topic, refer to “Static Rendezvous Point (Stat i c-RP)” on page 4-17.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Terminology C-RP: See Candi date Rendezvous Point , above. Designated Router (DR): W ithin a given VLAN or netw ork, the router elected to forwa rd a multicast flow from its IP source (in the VLAN or network) to the appropriate ren dezvous point (either an RP or static-RP) in the PIM-SM do main.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Terminology RP: See Rende zvous Point , above. RPT : See Rendezvous Point T ree . RP-Set: A complete list of multicast- group-to-RP mappings the BSR has learned and distri buted to the C-RPs in a given PIM-SM do main. The learned RP-set applies only to C-RPs, and not to static-RPs.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) PIM-SM Operation and Router Types PIM-SM Operation and Router T ypes Unlike PIM-DM, P IM-SM assumes that mo st hosts do not w ant to receive multicast traffic, and uses a non-floo.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) PIM-SM Operation and Router Types intermedia te PIM-SM rout ers leading to the PIM-SM edge router(s) for the multicast receiver(s) requesti ng the traf fic. (If the RP has no current join requests for the group, then the traffic is dropped at the RP .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) PIM-SM Operation and Router Types page 4-67.) When completed, the switch over from the RPT to a shorter SPT can reduce unnecessary traffic concen trations in the network and redu ce multicast traffic th roughput delays. Note that the switchover from RPT to SPT is not instantaneous.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) PIM-SM Operation and Router Types Border Routers and Multiple PIM-SM Domains Creating multiple d omains enables a balancing of PIM-SM traffic within a network. Defin ing PIM-SM domain boundaries requires the use of PIM border routers (PMBRs), and mult iple PMBRs can be used between any two domains.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) PIM-SM Operation and Router Types Where multiple PIM-SM rout ers exist in a VLAN , the following criteria is used to elect a DR: 1.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) PIM-SM Operation and Router Types Note Where static RPs are configured in the domain to support the same mul ticast group(s) as one or more (dynamic) C- RPs, then the RP-set data .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) PIM-SM Operation and Router Types Note that the routers requesting mult icast traffi c are either edge routers directly connected to spec ific multicast receivers usi ng IGMP to request the traffic, or are intermediate routers on the path between the edge routers and the RP .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) PIM-SM Operation and Router Types Candidate-RP Electio n. W ithin a PIM-SM domain, different RPs support different multicast addresses or ranges of multicast ad dresses.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) PIM-SM Operation and Router Types Configuring a C-RP to support a give n multicast group does not ensure election of the C-RP to support that group unl ess the group is excluded from all other RPs in the domain. Refer to “Redun dant Group Coverage Provides Fault-T olerance ” on page 4-17.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) PIM-SM Operation and Router Types For these reasons, use of static-RPs sh ould be limited to applications where no viable alternatives exist, or wher e the netw ork is stable and requires configuring an d maintain ing only a few routers.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Operating Rules and Recommendations ■ Static-RPs ar e not included in th e RP -set messages generated by the BSR, and do not generate advertisem ents. ■ If a static-RP beco mes unavailable, it is necessary to remove and/or replace the configur ation for this RP in all r outers in the domain.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuration Steps for PIM-SM PIM-SM and PIM-DM. These two f eatures cann ot both be enabled on t he same router at the same time. Supporting PIM-SM Across a PIM Domai n. T o properly move multicast traffic across a PIM-SM doma in, all routers in the domain must be configu red to support PIM- SM.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuration St eps for PIM-SM Per -Router Global Configuration Context Use these steps to enable routing and PIM operation in the global configura - tion context of each PIM-SM router ( ProCurve(config)#_ ) 1. Enable routing. (Use ip routing .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuration Steps for PIM-SM b. Use ip pim-sparse to enter the VLAN’ s pim-sparse context and do one of the follow ing: – Enable PIM-SM on the VLAN and al low the default option ( any ) to dynamically determine the so urce IP address for the PIM-SM packets sent from this VLAN interface.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuration St eps for PIM-SM Features Accessed in VLAN-< vid >-pim-sparse Context Operation override-interval* (page 4-33) propagation-delay* (page 4-33) dr -priority (page 4-33) Resets the override interval of the LAN Prune Delay configured on the interface.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuration Steps for PIM-SM 4. Optional: In the PIM router con text, change one or more of the traffic control settings in the following table.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Command Page Global Context Commands [no] ip routing 4-26 [ no ] ip multicast-routing 4-26 [no] router < rip |.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Global Configuration Cont ext for Supporting PIM-SM Before configuring specific PIM-SM sett ings, it is necessary to enable IP routing, I P multicast-rout ing, an IP routi ng protocol, and PIM in the gl obal configuration cont ext.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Example of Configuring for PIM Support at the Global Level PIM-SM Router “A” PIM-SM Router “B” PIM-S M Router “C” PIM-S M Router “D.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router ProCurve(config)# show running-config Running configuration: ; J8693A Configuration Editor; Created on release #K.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Enabling or Disabling PIM-SM Per -VLAN Syntax: ip p im-sparse [ip-addr < any | < ip-addr >>] vlan < vid >] ip pim-sparse [ip-add.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Changing the Interval for PIM-SM Neighbor Notification Syntax: ip pim-sparse hello-interval < 5 - 300 > vlan < vid > ip pim-sparse hello-interval < 5 - 300 > Changes the frequency at which the router transmits PIM “Hello” messages on the cu rrent VLAN.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Changing the Randomized Delay Setting for PIM-SM Neighbor Notification Syntax: ip pim-sparse hello-delay < 0 - 5 > vlan < vid > ip pim.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Enabling or Disabling LAN Prune Delay Syntax: [no] ip pim-sparse lan-prune-delay [no] vlan < vid > ip pim-sparse lan-prune-delay Enables the LAN Prune Delay opti on on the current VLAN.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Changing the LAN-Prune-Delay Interval Syntax: ip pim-sparse propagation-delay < 250-2000 > vlan < vid > ip pim-sparse propaga tion-del.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Example of Configuring PIM-SM Support in a VLAN Context PIM-SM suppor t must be configured in each VLAN where you want PIM-SM forwarding of mult icast traffic.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Router PIM Context Comma nds for Configuring PIM- SM Operation This section describes the commands used in the Router PIM con t ext to: ■ enable.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Changing the Priority Se tting for a BSR-Candidate Rou ter . Syntax: bsr-candidate priority < 0 - 255 > [no] router pim bsr -candidate priority < 0 - 255 > Specifies the priority to appl y to the router when a BSR election process occurs in the PI M-SM domain.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Changing the Bootstra p Ro uter Message Interval. Syntax: bsr-candidate bsm-interval < 5 - 300 > [no] router pim bsr -candidate bsm -interva.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Syntax: [n o] rp-candidate source-ip-vlan < vid > [group-pref ix < group-addr / mask ] [no] router pim rp -candidate source-ip-vlan < .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router group-prefix < group-a ddr/mask >: Specifies the multicast group(s) to advertise as supporte d by the RP candidate.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Enabling or Disabling Ca ndidate-RP Operation. Use this co mmand when the router is already configured wi th a source IP VLAN ID and you want to enable or disable C-RP operation on the router . Syntax: [n o] rp-candidate Enables Candidate-RP operation on the router .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Changing a Candida te-RP’ s Election Priority . This priority is significant when multipl e Candidate-RPs in a give n domain are configured to supp ort one or more of the same multicast groups.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Changing the Global Join-Prune Interval on the Router Syntax: router pim join-prune-interval <5 - 65535> Sets the interval in seconds at which periodic PIM-SM join/ prune messages are to be sent on the router’ s PIM-SM inter - faces.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Syntax: route r pim rp-address < rp-ip-addr > < group-a ddr/group-mask > [override] [no] router pim rp-ad dress < rp -ip-addr > < group-addr/group-mask> [override] < rp-ip-addr >: Statically specifies the IP address of the interface to use as an RP .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router Figure 4-7 illustrates the following co nfiguration steps for the Router PIM context: ■ Enabling BSR operat ion on the router , including specifying a source IP address. ■ Enabling C-RP operat ion on the router .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Configuring PIM-SM on the Router ProCurve(pim)# show running Running configuration: . . . router pim bsr-candidate bsr-candidate source-ip-vlan 120 bsr-candidate priority 1 rp-address 120.10.10.2 231.128.64.255 25 5.255.255.255 rp-candidate rp-candidate source-ip-vlan 120 rp-candidate group-prefix 230.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data and Configuration Settings Displaying PIM-SM Data and Configuration Settings Command Page show ip mroute 4-47 [< group-addr > < source -ip-addr >.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data a nd Configuration Settings Displaying Multicast Route Data The command s in this section display multicast routing in formation on pack- ets sent from multicast sources to IP mu lticast groups detected by the routing switch.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data and Configuration Settings Listing Data for an Active Multicast Group Syntax: show ip mroute [< group-addr > < sour ce-addr >] Lists the following data for th e specified flow (multicast group): Group Address: The multicast group IP address for the current group.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data a nd Configuration Settings Unicast Routing Protocol : Identifies the IP routing protocol through which the router learne d the upstream interface for the current multicast flow. The li sted protocol will be either RIP , OSPF , or Stati c Route .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data and Configuration Settings Listing All VLANs Having Currently Active PIM Flows Syntax: show ip mroute interface [< vid >] Lists these settings: VLAN: The VID specified in the command. Protocol: PIM-SM or PIM-DM .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data a nd Configuration Settings Displaying PIM-Specific Data The commands in this section display PIM-spec ific multicast routing info rma- tion for IP mul ticast groups detected by the rout er .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data and Configuration Settings Displaying Current PIM Entrie s Existing In the Multicast Routing T able Syntax: show ip pim mroute Shows PIM-specific information from the IP multicast routing table (IP MRT). When invoked without parameters, lists all PIM entries currently in the router’ s IP MRT .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data a nd Configuration Settings Displaying a Specific PIM Entr y Stored in the Multicast Routing T able Syntax: show ip pim mroute [< multicast-group-addre s.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data and Configuration Settings DownStream Interfaces: – VLAN: Lists the VID of the desti nation VLAN on the next- hop multicast ro uter . – P rune Reason: Id entifies the reason for pruning the flow to the indicated VLAN: • Prune: A neighbor multicast router has sent a prune request.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data a nd Configuration Settings Listing Currently Configured PIM Interfaces Syntax: show ip pim interface Lists the PIM interfaces (VLAN s) currently configured in the router . VLAN: Lists the VID of each VLAN configured on the switch to support PIM-DM.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data and Configuration Settings ProCurve(config)# show ip pim inter face 1 PIM Interface VLAN : 1 IP Address : 10.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data a nd Configuration Settings Displaying PIM Neighbor Data These commands enable listings of either all PIM neig hbors the router detects or the data for a specific PIM neighbor.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data and Configuration Settings Syntax: show ip pim neighbor [ < ip-address >] Lists the same information as show ip pim neighbor (page 3-34) for the specified PIM neighbor . ProCurve(config)# show ip pim neighbor 10.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data a nd Configuration Settings Displaying Pending Join Requests Use the show ip pim pending and show ip pim rp-pending commands to display the pending join requests received on the switch.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data and Configuration Settings Syntax: show ip pim rp-pendin g [< ip-address >] Displays the joins received on the switch from downstream devices that wan.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data a nd Configuration Settings Displaying BSR Data The router provi des BSR information thro ugh both IP PIM and the running configuration.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data and Configuration Settings Listing Non-Default BSR Configuration Settings The show running command includes the current non-default BSR co nfigura- tion settin gs on the router . ProCurve(config)# show running Running configuration: .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data a nd Configuration Settings Displaying the Current RP Set The BSR sends period ic RP updates to all Candidate RPs in the domain . These updates includ e the set of mult icast group dat a configured on and reported by all Candidate-RPs in the domain.
--------------- --------------- --------- ------ --------- -------------- PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data and Configuration Settings ProCurve(config)# show ip pim rp-s et learned Status and Counters - PIM-SM Learned RP-S et Information Group Address Group Mask RP Address Hold Time Expire Time 231.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data a nd Configuration Settings Displaying Candidate-RP Data Displaying the Router’ s Candidate-RP Status and Configuration Syntax: show ip pim rp-candid ate .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Displaying PIM-SM Data and Configuration Settings Listing Non-Default C-RP Configuration Settings The sh ow running command includes the curren t non-default C-RP conf igura- tion settin gs on the router . ProCurve(config)# show running Running configuration: .
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Operating Notes Operating Notes Eliminating Redundancy in Supp ort for a Multicast Group. Configur - ing only o ne router in a do main as an RP for supporting traffic for a specific multicast group el iminates suppo rt redunda ncy for that g roup.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Event Log Messages Event Log Messages Message Meaning < multicast-addr > / < mask > Inconsistent The mask entered for the speci fied multicast address does address and mask. not specify sufficient bits to include the nonzero bits in the mask.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Event Log Messages Message Meaning Illegal operation in BSR state An illegal state/event combi nation has been detected in the machine BSR state machine. Malformed Candidate-RP adv recvd The switch received a malformed C-RP-advertisement.
PIM-SM (Sparse Mode) Event Log Messages Message Meaning Rcvd unkwn addr fmly < add-family > in < pkt-type > pkt from < ip-addr > A PIM packet with an unknown address family was received.
5 IP Routing Features Contents Overview of IP Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7 IP Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8 IP Tables and Caches .
IP Routing Features Contents Static Route Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25 Other Sources of Routes in the Routing Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26 Static IP Route Parameters . .
IP Routing Features Contents Designated Routers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-49 OSPF Area Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-51 Backbone Area . .
IP Routing Features Contents Configuring OSPF Authentication on a Virtual Link . . . . . . . . . . 5-94 Displaying OSPF Interface In formation for a Specific VLAN OSPF Equal-Cost Multipat h (ECMP) for Different Subnets Available Thr ough the Same OSPF Passive .
IP Routing Features Contents Operating Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-131 Configuring an IP Helper Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-132 Operating Notes . . . . . .
IP Routing Features Overview of IP Routing Overview of IP Routing The switches covered in th i s guide offer the fo llowin g IP routing features, as noted: ■ IP Static Routes – up to 256 static ro.
IP Routing Features Overview of IP Routing IP Interfaces On the routing switches, IP addresses ar e associated w ith individual VLANs. By default, ther e is a single VLAN (D efault_VLAN) on the routing switch. In that configurat ion, a single IP ad dress serves as the management access address for the entire devi ce.
IP Routing Features Overview of IP Routing ARP Cache T able The ARP cache c ontains entries that map IP addresses to MAC addresses. Generally , the entries are for devices that are directly attached to the routing switch.
----------------- --------------- ---- --------- ---------- -------- - - IP Routing Features Overview of IP Routing Administrative Distance. The IP route table contai ns the best path t o a destination.
IP Routing Features Overview of IP Routing Note Y ou cannot add static entries to the IP forwarding cache. IP Route Exchange Protocols The switch supports the foll owing IP route exchange protocol s: ■ Routing In formation Protocol (RI P) ■ Open Shortest Pat h First (OSPF) These protocols provi de routes to th e IP route table.
IP Routing Features Overview of IP Routing Parameter Description Default See page Proxy ARP A n IP mechanism a route r can use to answer an ARP request on behalf of a ho st, by replying with the router’ s own MAC address instead of the host’ s.
IP Routing Features Overview of IP Routing ARP Age T imer The ARP age is the amount of time the switch keeps a MAC address learned through ARP in the ARP cache. The switch resets the timer to zero each time the ARP entry is refreshed and removes the entry if the timer reaches the ARP age.
IP Routing Features Overview of IP Routing ProCurve(config)# show ip Internet (IP) Service IP Routing : Disabled Default Gateway : 15.255.120.1 Default TTL : 64 Arp Age Domain Suffix : 1000 : DNS serv.
IP Routing Features Overview of IP Routing Y ou can set or display the arp-age value using the menu interface ( Menu > Switch Configuration > IP Config ).
IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches The following sectio ns describe how to configure IP parameters. Some param- eters can be configured globally while others can be configured on indivi dual VLAN interfaces.
IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches on the routing switch and OSPF is restarted with a reboot. ( U ser -Configured loopback interfaces are always higher priority than other confi gured inter - faces.
IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches For more information on t he router ID, refer to “IP Global Parameters fo r Routing Switches” on page 5-10 and “Cha nging the Router ID” on page 5-15. T o cha nge the router ID, enter a command such as the following: ProCurve(config)# ip router-id 209.
IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches routing swit ch must encapsulate the pa cket and a ddress it to the MAC ad dress of a locally attached device, the next -hop router toward the IP packet’ s destination.
IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches Note If the routing switch receive s an ARP re quest packet that it is unable to deliver to the final destination be cause of the ARP.
IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches Notes Internet Control Me ssage Protocol (ICM P) redirects will be disabled on interfaces on which local proxy ARP is enabled.
IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches Configuring Forwarding Parameters The following configurable parameters cont rol the forwarding behavior of ProCurve routing switches.
IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches T o disa ble the directed broadcasts, enter the following CLI command: ProCurve(config)# no ip directed-broadcast Configuring ICMP Y ou ca n configure the following ICM P limits: ■ Burst-Normal – The maximum nu mber of ICMP replies to send per second.
IP Routing Features Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches ProCurve(config)# ip icmp echo broadcast-request Disabling ICMP Destination Unreachable Messages By default, when a ProCurve device re ceives an IP packet that the device cannot deliver , the device sends an IC MP Unreachable message back to the host that sent the packet .
IP Routing Features Configuring Static IP Routes Disabling ICMP Redirects Y ou can disable ICMP redirects on the ProCurve routing switch only on a global basis, for all the routing switch interfaces.
IP Routing Features Configuring Static IP Routes Other Sources of Routes in the Routing T able The IP route table can also recei ve routes from these other sources: ■ Directly-connected networ ks: One rout e is created pe r IP interface.
IP Routing Features Configuring Static IP Routes Static Route States Follow VLAN States I P s t a ti c r o ut e s re m a in i n th e I P ro u t e t a ble only so long as the IP interf ace to the next-hop router i s up. If the next -hop interface goes down, t he software removes the static route from the IP r oute table.
IP Routing Features Configuring Static IP Routes Syntax: [no] ip route < dest-ip-ad dr >/< mask-length > <next-hop-ip-addr | vlan <vlan-id > | reject | blackhole > [metric < metric>] [ distanc e<1-255> ] [tag-value <tagval>] Allows the addition and del etion of static routing table entri es.
IP Routing Features Configuring Static IP Routes distance Specifies the administrative distance to asso- ciate with a static route. If not specified, this value is set to a default of 1. For more on this topic, refer to “Administrative Distance” on page 5-9.
IP Routing Features Configuring Static IP Routes ProCurve(config)# ip route 127.10.14 4.21/24 10.10.10.2 metric 12 distance 10 ProCurve(config)# ip route 127.10.14 4.21/24 10.10.10.3 metric 12 distance 10 Configures an ECMP set with 2 different gateways to the same destination address.
IP Routing Features Configuring RIP Configuring RIP This section describes ho w to configure RIP using the CLI interface. T o displa y RIP configurat ion inf ormation and statis tics, see “Displaying RIP Information” on page 5-37.
IP Routing Features Configuring RIP Note ICMP Host Unreachable Message for Undeliverable ARPs. If the routing swi tch recei ves an ARP req uest pa cket that it is unable to deliver to the final destin.
IP Routing Features Configuring RIP Parameter Description Default metric A numeric cost the routing switch adds to RIP routes learned on the in terface. This parameter applies only to RIP routes. 1 IP address The routes that a routing s witch learns or advertises can be controlled.
IP Routing Features Configuring RIP Note IP routing must be enable d prior to ena bling RIP . The first comm and in the preceding sequence en ables IP routing. Enabling IP RIP on a VLAN T o enabl e RIP on all IP addresses in a VLAN, use ip rip in the VLAN context.
IP Routing Features Configuring RIP Note RIP considers a route with a metric of 16 to be un reachable. Use this metric only if you do not w ant the route to b e used. In fact, yo u can prevent the switch from using a specific interface for rout es learned though that interface by setting its metric to 16.
IP Routing Features Configuring RIP Note Do not enable redistribution unt il you have configured the redi stribution filters. Otherw ise, the network might get overloaded wi th routes that yo u did not intend t o redistribute. Example: T o configure the switch to filter out redistribut ion of static, connected, o r OSPF routes on network 10.
IP Routing Features Configuring RIP T o ena ble redistribution of connected an d static IP routes into RIP , enter the following commands. 0(config)# router rip ProCurve(rip)# redistribute connected P.
IP Routing Features Configuring RIP Displaying RIP Information All RIP configurat ion and status inform ation is shown by the CLI command show ip rip and options off t hat command.
IP Routing Features Configuring RIP The display is a summa ry of Global RIP information, information about interfaces wi th RIP enabled, and information about RIP peers. The following fields are displayed: ■ RIP protocol – Status of the RIP protoco l on the router .
IP Routing Features Configuring RIP Displaying RIP Interface Information T o display R IP interface information, en ter the show ip rip interface c ommand at any context level. The re sulting display will ap pear similar to the fol lowing: Figure 5-11.
IP Routing Features Configuring RIP The informatio n in this display includ es the following fields, which are de fined under ““RIP Interface Info rmation” on page 5-38: IP Address , Status , Send mode , Recv mode , Metric , and Auth .
IP Routing Features Configuring RIP The resulting display wil l appear similar to the following : ProCurve# show ip rip peer RIP peer information IP Address Bad routes Last update timeticks --------------- ----------- --------------------- 100.1.0.100 0 1 100.
IP Routing Features Configuring RIP Displaying RIP Redistribution Information T o display RIP redistributi on informatio n, enter the show ip rip redistribute command at any context level: ProCurve# show ip rip redistribute RIP redistributing Route type Status --------- ----- - connected enabled static disabled ospf disabled Figure 5-16.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Configuring OSPF Feature Default Page Enable IP Routing and Global OSPF Routing disabled 5-62 Changing the RFC 1583 OSPF Compliance Setting enabled 5-63 Assign the.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Te r m i n o l o g y Area Border Router (ABR): An OSPF-enabled router having interfaces on two or more OSPF areas. (Refer to “Area Border Routers (ABRs)” on page 5-47.) Autonomous System (AS): A single interior gat eway protocol (IGP) do main such as an OSPF or RIP domain.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Link-State Advertisement (LSA): A message sent by a router to its neigh- bors to adv ertise th e existe nce of a ro ute to a d estination known by the originating router .
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Overview of OSPF OSPF is a link-st ate routing protocol applied to routers grouped into OSPF areas identified by the routing conf igurat ion on each routing switch.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF OSPF Router T ypes Interior Routers This type of OSPF router belongs to on ly one area . Interior ro uters flood type- 1 LSAs to all routers in the same ar ea, and maintain identical link state databases (LS DBs).
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Figure 5-19. Example of Deploying ABRs T o Connect Areas to the Backbon e R1 R2 R 5 R3 R4 R 6 Area 0 (Backbone) Area 1 A r e a 2 Area Bord er Router (ABR) Area Bor.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Priority is configurab le by using the vlan < vid > ip ospf priority < 0-255 > command at the interface level. Y ou can use thi s parameter to help bias one router as the DR. (For m ore on this comm and, refer to “Prior ity Per -Interface” on page 5-83.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Notes By default, the router ID is ty pically the lowest-numbe red IP address or the lowest-numbered ( user -configured ) loopback interf ace configured on the device. For more information or to ch ange the router ID, see “Changing the Router ID” on page 5-15.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF All areas in an AS must connect with the backbone throu gh one or more area border routers (ABRs). If a normal area is not directly connected to the backbone area, it must be configured with a virtual link to an ABR that is directly connected t o the backbone.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Not-So-Stubby-Area (NSSA) Beginning wi th software re lease K.12. xx , this area is available and connects to the backbone area through one or more ABRs.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Stub Area This area connects to the AS backbone through one or more ABRs. It does not allow an internal ASBR, an d does not allow external (type 5) LSAs. A stub area supports these actions: ■ Advertise the area’ s summary ro utes to the backbone area.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF ■ injected into the backbone area an d then propagated to any other OSPF areas (except stub areas) within th e local OSPF Autonomous System (AS).
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Replacing T ype-3 Summary LSAs and T ype-7 Default External LSAs with a T ype-3 Default Route LSA By default, a routi ng switch operating as an ABR for a stub area or NSSA injects non-default, summary r outes (LSA type 3) into the stub areas and NSSAs.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Equal Cost Multi-Path Routing The Equal C ost Multi-Path (ECMP) feature allows OSPF to add routes with multiple ne xt-hop addresses and with eq ual costs to a given destination in the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) on th e routin g switch.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Also, according to the distributed algo rithm used in th e selection of ECMP next-hop ro utes: ■ Intra-area routes are pref erred to inter -area routes. ■ Inter -area routes are preferred to ex te rnal routes through a neighborin g autonomous system.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF However , the forwarding so ftware distributes traffi c across the three possible next-hop rou tes in such a way that all t raffic for a specif ic host is sent to the same next-hop ro uter . As shown in Figure 5- 24, one possibl e distributio n of traffic t o host devices is as follows: ■ T raffic to host 10.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF General Configuration Steps for OSPF T o b egin using OSPF on th e routing switch, perform the steps outlined belo w: 1. In the global co nfig context, use ip ro uting to enable routing (page 5-62). 2. Execute router ospf to place the routing switch in the ospf context and to enable OSPF routing (page 5-62).
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF 12. Optional: Configure OS PF interface authentication. 13. Config ure virtual link s for an y areas not directly connected to the back- bone. Configuration Rules ■ If the switch is to operate as an ASBR, you must enab le redistribution (step 7 on page 5-59).
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF restrict Disabled Parameter Default Page rfc-1583-compatibility Enabled metric-type type2 trap < ospf-trap > Enabled Note Set global level parameters in the ospf context of the CLI. T o access this context level, ensure that routing is enabled, then execute router ospf at the global CONF IG level.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Configuring OSPF on the Routing Switch 1. Enable IP Routing Syntax: [no] ip routing Executed at the global con figurat ion level t o enable IP routing on the routing switch. Default: Disabled The no form of the command disabl es IP routing.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF 3. Changing the RFC 1583 OSPF Compliance Setting In OSPF domains sup porting multiple exte rnal routes from di fferent areas to the same extern al destination, multipl e AS -external-LSAs ad vertising the same destinati on are likely to occur .
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF ProCurve(config)# router ospf ProCurve(ospf)# no rfc1583-compatibility ProCurve_8212(ospf)# show ip ospf general OSPF General Status OSPF protocol : enabled Router ID : 10.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF 4. Assign the Routing Switch to OSPF Areas After you globally enable OSPF on the r outing switch (in the previous step), use this command to assign one or mo re OSPF areas within your autonomous system (AS). A routing switch can belong to one area or to multiple areas.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Configuring an OSPF Backbone or Normal Area. Syntax: area < ospf-area-id | backbone > [no rmal] no area < ospf-area -id | backbone > After using router.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Configuring a Stub or NSSA Area. Syntax: area < ospf-area-id > stub < 0-16777215 > [no-summary] area < ospf-area-id > < nssa > < 0-16777.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF [no-summary] : Where the routing switch is an ABR for a stub area or an NSSA, this opti on reduces the amount of LSA traffic entering the area fr om the backbone by replacing the injection of type-3 summary routes with injection of a type-3 default summary route.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF The following exampl es of configurin g a stub area and an NSSA on a routing switch use an (arbit rary) cost of “10”.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Syntax: vlan < vid ># ip ospf [ ip-a ddr | all ] area < ospf-area-id > Executed in a specific VLAN c ontext to assign the VLAN or individual subnets in the VLAN to the specified area. Requires that the area is alre ady configur ed on the routing switch (page 5-65).
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF The operator could use the follo win g commands to configure the above assignments: ProCurve(ospf)# vlan 10 ProCurve(vlan-10)# ip ospf 10.10.10.1 area 5 ProCurve(vlan-10)# ip ospf 10.10.11.1 area 5 ProCurve(vlan-10)# ip ospf 10.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Syntax: interface loopb ack <0-7># ip ospf < lo-ip-address > cost < number > Executed in a specific loopback co ntext to modify the cost used to advertise the loopback address (and subnet) to the area border router (ABR).
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF ProCurve(config)# interface loopback 1 ProCurve(lo-1)# ip address 14.2.3.4 ProCurve(lo-1)# ip address 15.2.3.4 ProCurve(lo-1)# exit ProCurve(config)# interface loopback 2 ProCurve(lo-2)# ip address 13.3.4.5 ProCurve(lo-2)# ip ospf 15.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF connected, and OSPF routes into RIP routes.) The steps for co nfiguring external route redistri bution to suppo rt ASBR operation i nclude the following: 1. Configure redistributi on filters to ex clude external routes that you do not want redistribut ed in your OSPF domain.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Note Do not enable redistribution unt il you have configured the redi stribution “restrict” filters. O therwise, the networ k might get overloaded with routes that you did not int end to redist ribute.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF 4. Modifying the Redistributi on Metric T ype. The redistribution metric type is used by d efault for all r outes imported into OSPF . T ype 1 met rics are the same “units” as internal OSPF metr ics and can be compared directly .
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Syntax: area < ospf-area-id > range < ip-addr/m ask-length > [no-advertise] [ type < summary | nssa >] Use this command on a routing sw itch inte.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF nssa : Specifies external routes (type-7 LSAs) in the configured range of ro ute advertisements. If no-advertise (above) is used in the command, then the ABR prevents the selected external routes from being summarized i n a type-5 LSA and advertised to the backbone.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF ProCurve(config)# area 7 range 192.51.0.0/16 type nssa Defines the range of external routes in the Area 7 NSSA to advertise to the backbone. ProCurve(config)# area 7 range 192.51.0.0/16 no-advertise type nssa Defines the range of external routes in the Area 7 NSSA to block from advertising to the backbone.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF 10: Optional: Change OSPF T rap Generation Choices OSPF traps (defined by RFC 1850) are supported on the routing switches covered by this guide. OS PF trap generation is disa bled by default, but you can use the fo llowing comm and to enable generatio n of any or all of the supported OSPF traps.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF For example, if you want ed to monitor the neighbo r -state-change and inter - face-receive-bad-packet tr aps, you would use the following commands to configure the routing switch to enable the desired trap. The show command verifies the resulting OSPF trap configuration.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Cost Per -Interface. Syntax: ip ospf [ ip-address | all ] cost < 1 - 65535 > Used in the VLAN context to indi cate the overhead requi red to send a packet across an interface. Y ou can modify the cost to differentiate between 100 Mbps an d 1000 Mbps (1 Gbps) links.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Hello Interval Per Interface. Syntax: ip ospf [ ip-addre ss | all ] hello-interval < 1 - 65535 > Used in the VLAN context to indicate the length of ti me between the transmission of hello packet s from the routing switch to adjacent neighbors.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Retransmit Interval Per -Interface. Syntax: ip ospf [ ip-addre ss | all ] retransmit-interval < 0 - 3600 > Used in the VLAN context to enable changing the retransmission interval for link -state advertisements (LSAs) on an interface.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Examples of Changing Pe r -Interface Settings. Suppose th at VLAN 30 is multinetted, wi th two subnets in area 1 and one subnet in area 5: vlan 30 ip ospf 10.10.30.1 area 0.0.0.1 ip ospf 10.10.31.1 area 0.0.0.1 ip ospf 10.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF 12. Optional: Configur ing OSPF Interface Authentication OSPF supports two me thods of authentication for eac h VLAN or subnet— simple password an d MD5. In addi tion, the value can be di sabled, meaning no authentication is performed.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF OSPF MD5 Authentication. Syntax: ip ospf md5-auth-key-c hain < chain-name-string > no ip ospf [ ip-address ] authentic ation Used in the VLAN interface context to configure MD5 authentication for al l interfaces in the VL A N or for a specific subnet.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF 13. Configuring an ABR T o Use a V irtual Link to the Backbone All ABRs (area border routers) must have either a direct, physical or indirect, virtual link to the OSP F backbone area (0.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Configuring a Virtual Link Syntax: ip ospf area < area-id > virtual-link < ip-address > Used on a pair of ABRs at opposi te ends of a virtual link in the same area to configure the virtual link connection.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF T o configure the virtual link on r out ing switch “A”, enter the following command specifying the area 1 in terface on routing switch “C”: ProCurve(ospf)# area 1 virtual-link 209.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Dead Interval on a V irtual Link. Syntax: area < area-id > virtual link < ip-address > dead-interval < 1 - 65535 > Used in the router OSPF contex.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Retransmit Interval on a V irtual Link. Syntax: area < area-id > virtual link < ip-address > retransmit-interval < 1 - 3600 > Used in the router .
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Example. T o change the hello- interval on th e vi rtual link configured for the network in figure 5-34 on page 5-89 to 60 seconds: ■ On routing switch “A” (I P address 10.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF OSPF Password Authentication on a V irtual Link. Syntax: area < area-id > virtual-link < ip-addr > authentication-key < octet-string > no area 1 .
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF OSPF MD5 Authentication on a V irtual Link. Syntax: ip ospf md5-auth-key-c hain < chain-name-string > no ip ospf [ ip-address ] authentic ation Used to configure MD5 authentica tion in the router OSPF context on both ABRs in a virtual link .
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF OSPF Passive OSPF sends link- state advert isements (L SAs) to all other routers in the same Autonomous System ( AS). T o limit the flooding of LSAs throughout the AS you can configure OSPF to be passive. OS PF does not run i n the AS, but it does advertise the interf ace as a stub li nk into OSP F .
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF ProCurve(config) show ip ospf interfac e vlan 4 OSPF configuration and statistics for VLAN 4 OSPF Interface Status for 10.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Displaying General OSPF Co nfiguration Information T o d isplay general OSPF config uration information, en ter show ip ospf general at any CLI level: ProCurve# show ip ospf general OSPF General Status OSPF protocol : enabled Router ID : 10.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Field Content Inter -area distance the administrative distance for routes between areas within the same OSPF domain AS-external the administrative dist ance for ro.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF The [ ospf-area-id ] parameter shows information fo r the specifie d area. If no area is specified, information for all the OSPF areas configured is displayed. The OSPF area display shows the f ollowing information: T able 5-10.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Syntax: show ip ospf external-link-st ate The OSPF external link state disp lay shows the following informat ion: T able 5-11. CLI Display of OSPF Ex ternal Link State Information Field Link State ID Router ID Age Sequence # Chksum(Hex) Content LSA ID for this LSA.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF ProCurve# show ip ospf external-link-st ate advertise OSPF External LSAs Advertisements -------------------------------------- ---------------------------------- 0.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Field State Auth-type Chain Cost Priority Content The current state of the interface. The value will be one of the following: • DOWN - the underlying VLAN is dow.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Displaying OSPF Interface In formation for a Specific VLAN or IP Address T o display O SPF interface information for a specific VLAN or IP address, enter show ip ospf interfa ce < ip-addr > at any CLI level. For example: ProCurve(ospf)# sho ip ospf int 10.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF T able 5-13. CLI Display of OSPF Interfac e Information – VLAN or IP Address Field Ty p e T ransit Delay Retrans Interval Hello Interval Rtr Dead Interval Designated Router Backup Desig. Rtr Events Content Will always be BCAST for interfaces on this routing swit ch.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF T o clear the OSPF statistics for all VLAN interfaces on the switch and set all VLAN/subnet counters for OSPF traffic to zero, ente r the clear ip ospf statistics command at any CLI level. ProCurve(ospf)# show ip ospf statistics vlan 1 OSPF statistics for VLAN 1 OSPF Interface Status for 10.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Per -V LAN OSPF Statistics Field Tx/Rx LSA Packet Count OSPF errors Content Number of link-state acknowled gement packets sent/ received on each subnet in terface Number of errors detected on the VLAN subnet during OSPF packet exchange ProCurve(ospf)# show ip ospf statistics 10.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Displaying OSPF Li nk State Information T o displ ay OSPF link state information, enter show ip ospf link-state at any CLI level. When you ent er this command, the swit ch displays an output simila r to the followin g for all configured areas: OSPF Link State Database for Area 0.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Field Content Sequence # Sequence number of the cur rent instance of this LSA. Chksum(Hex) LSA checksum value. Syntax show ip ospf link-state [sta tus] [ subset-op.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF type < router | network | su mmary | as-summary | external | multicast | nssa > Used to restrict display of LSA database or advertisements to show only the data from sources ha ving the specified type.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Displaying OSPF Neighbor Information T o display OSPF information f or all neighbors, enter show ip ospf neighb or at any CLI level: OSPF Neighbor Information Router ID Pri IP Address NbIfState State Rxmt QLen Events --------------- --- ------------- -- --------- -------- --------- ---------- 10.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Field State Rxmt QLen Events Description The state of the conversat ion (the adjacency) between your r outing switch an d the neighbor . The possible values are: • INIT – A Hello packet has recently been seen fr om the neighbor .
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Displaying OSPF Redi stribution Information As described under “2. En able Route Redistribution” on page 5-74, you can configure the routing switch to redistribute connected , static, and RIP r outes into OSPF .
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF This display shows the conf igured restrict entries. Displaying OSPF Virtua l Neighbor Information If virtual links are configured on th e routing switch, you can display OSPF virtual neighbor information by entering show ip ospf virtual-neighbor at any CLI level.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Displaying OSPF Virt ual Link Information If virtual links are configur ed on a routing switch, yo u can d isplay OSPF virtual link information by en tering show ip ospf virtual-link at any CLI lev el.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Example:. T o get OSPF virtual link informat ion for IP address 10.0.8.33, enter show ip ospf virtual-link 10.0.8.33 . A display simil ar to the following is shown. ProCurve# show ip ospf virtual-link 10.0.8.33 OSPF Virtual Interface Status for interface 10.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Displaying OSPF SPF Statistics T o display the l og used to record shor test-path-first (SPF) calculations on an OSPF-enabled routing switch, enter the show ip ospf spf-log command at any CLI level . The SPF a lgorithm recalcul ates the routes in an OSPF do main when a change in the area to pology i s received.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF ProCurve(ospf)# show ip ospf spf-log OSPF SPF (SHORTEST PATH FIRST) LOG Area : 0.0.0.100 - Number of times SPF executed : 12 spf instance Reason --------------- --.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Displaying OSPF Route Information T o d isplay OSPF route an d other OSPF config uration information, en ter show ip ospf at any CLI level: ProCurve# show ip ospf OSPF Configuration Information OSPF protocol : enabled Router ID : 10.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Syntax: show ip ospf This screen has a lot of information, mo st of it already covered in other show commands. The follow ing table shows definitions for the fiel ds: T able 5-22.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Displaying OSPF T raps Enabled In the default configuration, OSPF trap s are disabled. Use this command to view which OSPF traps have been enabled. Syntax: show ip ospf traps Lists the OSPF traps currently en abled on the routing switch.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF Router “A” Router “B” Router “C” 10.1.0.0/16 Router “4” Router “D” Router “3” 10.2.0.0/16 10.3.0.0/16 10.32.0.0/16 10.42.0.0/16 Router “2” Router “1” Equal-Cost Next-Hop Routes Workstation Figure 5-55.
IP Routing Features Configuring OSPF When OSPF is enabled and multip le, equal-cost, next-hop routes are available for traffic destinat ions on different subnets, this feature, by default, enables load- sharing among up to four next- hop routes.
IP Routing Features Configuring IRDP Configuring IRDP The ICMP Route r Discover y Protocol (IRDP) is used by ProCurve routin g switches to advertise the IP addresses of their router interfaces to directly attached h osts. IRDP i s disabled by de faul t.
IP Routing Features Configuring IRDP messages from other routers at th e sa me time. The interval on each IRDP- enabled routing sw itch interface is independent of the interval on ot her IRDP-enabled interfaces. The default ma ximum message interval is 600 seconds.
-------------- -------- ------------ ------- ------- -------- -------- --- IP Routing Features Configuring IRDP for the routing sw itch to the hold time specif ied in the new advertisement.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Configuring DHCP Relay Overview The Dynamic Host Configuratio n Protocol (DHCP) is used for configuring hosts with IP addr ess and other confi gur ation parameters wit hout user in ter - vention.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Broadcast Forwarding The packets are forwarded using broadcast forwarding i f the IP address of the DHCP server is a subnet address or IP broadcast address (255.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Y ou must be in VLAN context to use this command, for exam ple: ProCurve# config ProCurve(config)# vlan 1 ProCurve(vlan-1)# Syntax: ip bootp-gateway <ip-addr> Allows you to configure an IP address for the DHCP relay agent to use for DHCP requests.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay ProCurve(vlan-22)ip bootp-gateway 12. 16.18.33 ProCurve(vlan-22)# exit ProCurve(config)# show dhcp-relay boo tp-gateway vlan 22 BOOTP Gateway Entries VLAN BOOTP Gateway -------------------- --------------- VLAN 22 12.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Configuring an IP Helper Address T o add the IP address of a DHCP ser ver for a speci fied VLAN on a routing switch, enter the ip helper -address command at .
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay T o re set the default functi on which increases the hop count in each DHCP request forwarded to a DHCP ser ver , enter the following command: ProCurve(config)# dhcp-relay hop-cou nt-increment Operating Notes ■ By default, the DHCP relay agent increases the hop count in each DHCP request by one.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay ProCurve# show config Startup configuration: ; J8697A Configuration Editor; Cr eated on release #K.11.00 hostname “ProCurve” cdp run module 1 type J8702A ip default-gateway 18.30.240.1 snmp-server community “public” Un restricted vlan 1 name “DEFAULT_VLAN” untagged A1 ip address 18.
-------- --------- -------- --------- IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Displaying the Hop Count Setting T o verify the current setting for incr easing the hop count in DHCP requests, enter the show d hcp-relay command. Note that the cu rrent setting is displayed next to DHCP Request Hop Count Incr ement.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay addressing it will return to the client through the usual DHCP server response packet. This operation provides se veral advantages over DHCP without Option 8.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay For informati on on conf iguring poli cies on a server runnin g DHCP Option 82, refer to the document ation provided for that appl ication. Figure 5-62. Example of a DHCP Option 82 Appli cation Switch “A” 10.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay request. For a DHCP server response to an Opti on 82 client re quest, the routing switch can optionally perform a valid ation check to deter mine whether to forward or drop t he response.
5-138 IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay with Option 8 2 fields.) Response packet s from an Option 82 server are routed back to the primary rela y agent (routing switch ), and include an IP addressing assignment for the re questing c lient an d an exact copy of the Option 82 data the server received with th e client request.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay • Use the Manageme nt VLAN option if a Management VLAN is config- ured and you want all DHCP clients on the routing switch to use t he same IP address. (This is useful if you are applying the same IP addressing policy to DHCP client requests from ports in differe nt VLANs on the same routing sw itch.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay the sequential index number for that p ort position in the slot. (T o view the Index number assignments for por ts in the routing switch, use the walkmib ifname command.) For example, the Circuit ID for port B11 on a ProCurve switch is “35”.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Forwarding Policies DHCP Option 82 on ProCurve switches of fers four forwarding poli cies, with an optional validation of server resp onses for three of the policy types ( append , replace , or drop ).
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Option 82 Configuration DHCP Client Request Pac ket Inbound to the Routing Switch Packet Has No Option 82 Field Packet Includes an Optio n 82 Field Drop Append an Option 82 Field Drop causes the routing switch to drop an inbound client request with an Option 82 field already appended.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay VLAN 10 DHCP Option 82 Server Client DROP VLAN 20 VLAN 20 VLAN 30 VLAN 10 VLAN 20 APPEND APPEND Relay Agent “A” Relay Agent “B” Relay Agent “C” Figure 5-67. Example Configured T o Allow Multiple Re lay Agents T o Contribute an Opt ion 82 Field This is an enhancement of the previous e x ample.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay W ith validati on enabled, the relay agent applies stricter rule s to variations in the Option 82 field(s) of incoming serv er responses to de term ine wh ether to forward the response to a downstream device or to drop the response due to invalid (or missing) Op tion 82 information.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Multinetted VLANs On a multinetted VLAN, eac h interface can form a n Option 82 policy boundary within that VL AN if the routing switch is con figured to use IP for the remot e ID suboption.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Syntax : dhcp-relay option 82 < append [validate] | replace [validate] | drop [v alidate] | keep > [ip | mac | mgmt-vlan] — Continued — drop: Configures the routing switch to uncon ditionally drop any client DHCP packet received with existing Option 82 field(s).
X IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Example of Option 82 Configuration In the routin g switch shown below , option 82 has been confi gured with mgm t- vlan for the Remote ID. ProCurve(config)# dhcp-relay option 82 append mgmt-vlan The resulting effect on DHCP operation for clients X, Y , and Z i s shown in table 5-24.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay Operating Notes ■ This impleme ntation of DHCP rel ay with Option 82 c omplies with the following RFCs: • RFC 2131 • RFC 3046 ■ Moving a c lient to a.
IP Routing Features Configuring DHCP Relay ■ Relay agents without Opt ion 82 can exist in the path between Option 82 relay agents and an Option 8 2 server . The agents without Option 82 will forward cli ent request s and server re sponses without any effect on Option 82 fields in the packets.
IP Routing Features UDP Broadcast Forwarding UDP Broadcast Forwarding Overview Some applications rely on cli ent requ ests sent as l imited IP broa dcasts addressed to a UDP applicat ion port. If a se rver for the application receives such a broadcast, the server c an repl y to the client.
IP Routing Features UDP Broadcast Forwarding T able 5-25. Example of a UDP Packet-Forwarding Environment Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Forwarding Address UDP Port Notes VLAN 1 VLAN 2 VLAN 3 15.75.10.1 15.75.11.1 15.75.12.1 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.
IP Routing Features UDP Broadcast Forwarding Configuring and Enabling UDP Broadcast Forwarding T o configure and enable UDP broa dcast forwarding on the switch: 1.
IP Routing Features UDP Broadcast Forwarding — Continued from the preceding page. — < ip-address >: This can be either of the following: • The unicast address of a dest ination server on another subnet. For exampl e: 15.75. 10.43. • The broadcast address of the subnet on which a destination server operates.
IP Routing Features UDP Broadcast Forwarding Displaying the Current IP Forward-Protocol Configuration Syntax show ip fo rward-protocol [ vlan < vid >] Displays the current status of UDP broadcast forwarding and lists the UDP forwarding address(es) configured on all static VLANS in the switch or on a specific VLAN .
IP Routing Features UDP Broadcast Forwarding Operating Notes for UD P Broadcast Forwarding Maximum Number of Entrie s. The number of UDP broadcast entrie s and IP helper addresses combined can be up to 16 per VLAN, with an overall maximum of 2048 on the switch.
IP Routing Features UDP Broadcast Forwarding 5-156.
6 V irtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3 Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Contents Configuring Track VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-28 Removing all Tracked Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-28 Failover Operation .
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Overview License Requirements Overview In many networks, ed ge devices are often configur ed to send packets to a statically co nfigured default ro uter . If this router becomes unavailable, the devices that use it as their first-hop r outer become isolated from the ne twork.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Terminology T erminology Backup: A router configured in a VR as a Backup to the Ow ner configured for the sam e VR. There must be a mini mum of one Backup in a VR to support VRRP operat ion if the Owner fail s.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) General Operation General Operation VRRP supports rout er redundancy thr ough a priorit ized election process among routers configured as members of the same virtual router (VR).
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) General Operation Figure 6-1, below , illustrate s a virtual router on VLAN 100 supporte d by Router 1 (R1) and Router 2 (R2). Router 1 Configuration VRID: 1 Status: Owner Virtual IP Addr: 10.10.100.1 MAC Addr: 00-00-5E-00-01-01 Priority: 255 Router 1 (R1) VLAN VID: 100 IP: 10.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) General Operation In figure 6-1: 1. Host “A” uses 10.10.100.1 as its ne xt-hop gateway out of the subnet, as represented by th e virtual router (VR 1).
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) General Operation V irtual Router (VR) A Virt ual Router (VR) instance consists o f one Ow ner router and one or more Backup routers belonging to the same netw ork. Any VR instance exists wi thin a specific VLAN, and all members of a given VR must belong to the same subnet.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) General Operation Note that if the configured Own er in a VR becomes unavailabl e, then it is no longer the Master for the VR and a Backup router in the VR is elected to assume the role of Master , as described under “Backup Router” on page 6-10.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) General Operation Owner Router An Owner router for a VR is the default Master router for th e VR, and operates as the Owner for all subnet s included in the VR. As mentioned earlier , the VRRP priority on an Owner router is always 255 (the highest).
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) General Operation VRRP and ARP The Master for a give n VR responds t o ARP requests for the vi rtual IP addresses with the VR’ s assigned MAC address. The virtual MAC address is also used as the source MAC address for the periodic adver tisements sent by the current Master .
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) General Operation ■ When a VR is active you cannot chan ge a ny of the following on that VR: • p r i o r i t y • advertisement interval • preempt m ode • virtual IP address ■ A VR exists within a singl e VLAN interface.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Steps for Provisioning VRRP Operation Steps for Provisioning VRRP Operation Basic Configuration Process This process assumes the fo ll owing for V RRP operation: ■ VLANs on the selected route rs are al ready configured and IP-enabled.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Steps for Provisioning VRRP Operation 2. Configure a Backup for the same VR instance as for the Owner in step 1. a. On another router with an interfac e in the same network or subnet as is the Owner (configured in step 1), enter the global configuration context and en able VRRP .
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Steps for Provisioning VRRP Operation Example Configuration In VR 1, below , R1 is the Owner and th e current Master router , and R2 i s the (only) Backup in the VR. If R1 bec omes unavailable, VR 1 fails over to R2.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Steps for Provisioning VRRP Operation ProCurve(config)# router vrrp ProCurve(config)# vlan 10 ProCurve(vlan-10)# vrrp vrid 1 ProCurve(vlan-10-vrid-1)# owner ProCurve(vlan-10-vrid-1)# virtual-ip-a ddress 10.10.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Steps for Provisioning VRRP Operation Associating More Than One Virtual IP Address Wi t h a V R This need arises if a VLAN is configured with more than 32 subnets and it is necessary to apply VRRP to all of these subnets.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Configuring VRRP Configuring VRRP Enabling VRRP in the Globa l Configuration Context VRRP can be configured r egardless of the global V RRP configuration status. However , enabling a VR and running VRRP requires enabling it in the glob al configuratio n context.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Configuring VRRP For example, the following commands en able VRRP at the global configura- tion level and then di splay the current global VRRP configuration:.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Configuring VRRP Configuring a VR Instan ce on a VLAN Interface The preceeding secti on describes the command for creating and entering a VR context. This sect ion describes the configuratio n and activation com- mands available in the VR context.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Configuring VRRP Configuring a V irtual IP address in a VR. The virtual IP address must be the same for the Owner and all Bac kups on the same network or su bnet in a VR.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Configuring VRRP Reconfiguring the Priority for a Backup. When you configure a Backup in a VR, it is given a default priority of 100. This command is intended for use where it is necessary to establish a precedence among the Backup routers on the same network or subnet in a given VR.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Configuring VRRP Changing VR Advertisement Interval and Source IP Address The adverti sement interv al is used in one of two ways, dependin g on whether a VRRP router is operating as a Master or a Bac kup.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Configuring VRRP Syntax: primary-ip-address < ip-ad dress | lowest > Specifies the virtual IP address to designate as the source for VRRP advertisements from the VR . If there is only one virtual IP address configured on th e VR, the default setting ( lowest ) is sufficient.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Configuring VRRP Preempt Mode on VRRP Backup Routers This command applies to VRRP Bac kup ro uters only , and is used to minimize network disruptio n due to unnecessary preemption of the Ma ster operation among Backup routers.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Dynamically Changing the Priority of the VR Dynamically Changing the Priority of the VR The dynamic priority change feature pr ovides the ability to dynamically change the priority of the virtual router (VR) wh en certain events occur .
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Dynamically Changing the Priority of the VR Note A Backup VR switches to priority zero instead of its conf igured value when all its tracked entities go down. An Ow ner VR always uses priority 255 and never relinquishes control voluntarily .
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Dynamically Changing the Priority of the VR Configuring T rack VLAN The track vlan command allows you to speci fy a VLAN or range of VLANs to be tracked by the VR. Notes VR operation must be down bef o r e executing this command.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Dynamically Changing the Priority of the VR Syntax: no track The command allows you to rem ove tracking for all config- ured track entities (ports, tr unks, and VLANs). The command is executed in VRID instance context.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Dynamically Changing the Priority of the VR Syntax: failback Forces the Backup VR to take ow nership of the VR instance. This command only ta kes effect i f the Ba ckup VR instance has a higher priority than the cu rrent Owner , which is normal VRRP router behavior .
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Using the Pre-empt Delay Timer Using the Pre-empt Delay T imer Overview In order to m aintain availability of the default gateway router , the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) advertises a “virtu al” router to the hosts.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Using the Pre-empt Delay Timer Syntax: [no] preempt-dela y-time <1-600 > Allows you to specify a time in seconds that this router will wait before taking control of the virtual IP address and beginning to route packets.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Using the Pre-empt Delay Timer During this w aiting period, if th e Owner router receives a VRRP packet for its virtual IP address from the Bac kup router , it will wait until the PDT expires before taking contro l of its virtual IP address.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Using the Pre-empt Delay Timer Possible Configuration Scenarios Preempt Delay T ime = Zero Seconds. This is the defa ult behavior . It works in the same way th at VRRP works currently . Preempt Delay T ime is Greater Than or Equal to the Master Down T ime (3 times the advertisement interval).
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Using the Pre-empt Delay Timer Error Messages Error Error M essage Attempting to assign the pr eempt delay time to the The Virtual Router must be def ined as an Owner or Backup Virtual Router before decla ring it as an Owner or router first.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Displaying VRRP Configuration and Statistics Data Displaying VRRP Configuration and Statistics Data VRRP Configuration Data Displaying the VRRP Global Configuration Syntax: show vrrp config global This command displays the configuration st ate for the global VRRP configuration and V RRP trap generation.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Displaying VRRP Configuration and Statistics Data ProCurve(config)# show vrrp config VRRP Global Configuration Information VRRP Enabled : Yes Traps Enabled : .
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Displaying VRRP Configuration and Statistics Data Displaying a Specific VR Configuration Syntax: show vrrp vlan 23 vrid 10 config Displays the configuration for a specific VR in a specific VLAN.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Displaying VRRP Configuration and Statistics Data VRRP Statistics Data All command out puts shown in this sect ion assume that VRRP is enabled at the global configurat ion level.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Displaying VRRP Configuration and Statistics Data Displaying Statistics for Al l VRRP Instances on the Router Syntax: show vrrp [statistics] Displays the foll.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Displaying VRRP Configuration and Statistics Data • Mismatched Interval Pkts: The number of VRRP packets received from oth er routers (since the last reboot) with an advertisement interval that is differ - ent from the interval configured on the current VR.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Displaying VRRP Configuration and Statistics Data ProCurve(config)# show vrrp VRRP Global Statistics Information VRRP Enabled : Yes Protocol Version : 2 Inval.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Displaying VRRP Configuration and Statistics Data ProCurve(config)# show vrrp vlan 10 VRRP Virtual Router Statistics Information Vlan ID : 10 Virtual Router ID : 10 State : Master Up Time : 6 mins Virtual MAC Address : 00005e-00010a Master's IP Address : 10.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Displaying VRRP Configuration and Statistics Data ProCurve(config)# show vrrp VRRP Global Statistics Information VRRP Enabled : Yes Protocol Version : 2 Inval.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Standards Compliance Standards Compliance VRRP on the switches supported by this Gui de includes the following: ■ Complies with RFC 3768 Virtual Router Redundancy Prot ocol (VRRP), except for maximum number of VRs per VLAN, which is 32 on the routers covered by this Guide.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Operating Notes Operating Notes ■ VRRP Advertisements Not Reaching the Backup(s): If a Master is forwardi ng traffic proper ly , bu t its Backup(s) are prevented from receiving the Master’ s VRRP advertisements, then both routers will operate in the Master mode for the VR.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Operating Notes Dynamic Priority Change Operating Notes ■ There are no backward compatibili ty issues with the VRRP dynamic priority change feature.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Event Log Messages Event Log Messages Message Meaning Failure to send out pkt for vrid < vrid-# > , vid < vid-# > No VR with vrid < vrid-# >.
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Event Log Messages Message Meaning — Continued from Previous Page — Vrid < vrid-# > , Vid < vid-# > recd pkt with bad IP-TTL Vrid < vrid-# .
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) Error Messages Error Messages T rack Interface Message Description VR must be defined as “backup” first Y ou have to declare a VR as Backup before assigning a track interface to it. Invalid input: <out of range value> Y ou have to assign a valid port or trunk to the VR instance.
Index Symbols A ABR definition … 5-47 OSPF … 5-47 ACL operation with PIM … 3-36 address IP … 5-15 administrative distance, OSPF …5 - 7 9 advertisement, OSPF …5 - 4 6 area … 5-65 retransm.
add multicast group … 4-40 change hold time … 4-40 configuring operation … 4-38 defined … 4-6 display config … 4-65 display status … 4-65 displaying current set … 4-63 election priority .
F failback, VRRP …6 - 2 9 failover, VRRP … 6-3, 6-29 filters effect of IGMP … 2-29 maximum allowed … 2-6 See also OSPF and RIP. flow, defined …4 - 7 forwarding directed broadcasts … 5-21 p.
interface parameters … 5-14 interior gateway protocol … 5-44 IP static routes administrative distance … 5-28 blackhole … 5-24, 5-27 configuration … 5-27 default route … 5-11, 5-25 default .
remote ID … 5-137, 5-138 requirements … 5-137 secondary relay agent … 5-137 server support … 5-135 validating server re sponse packets … 5-143 OSPF ABR … 5-44, 5-45, 5-47 ABR, connection r.
NSSA … 5-45, 5-46, 5-50, 5-52 NSSA, conf iguring … 5-67 overview … 5-46 parameters, default global … 5-60 parameters, default interface … 5-61 passive … 5-96 password … 5-86 password, vi.
flood and prune … 3-6, 3-7, 3-28 flood and prune cycle … 3-35 flow … 3-6, 3-9 flow, bridged … 3-37 flow, equalizing … 3-38, 3-39, 3-40, 3-41 flow, hardware … 3-10, 3-13 flow, multicast, li.
compatible draft versions … 4-6 configuration … 4-27, 4-56 configuring candidate-RPs … 4-37 Designated Router … 4-12 display BSR data … 4-61 display config … 4-51 display C-RP config … 4.
Pre-empt Delay Timer …6 - 3 1 backward compatibility … 6-34 PDT value … 6-33 with older devices … 6-32 Premium License OSPF … 5-6 overview, list of features … -xviii PIM-DM … 3-2 PIM-SM .
S secondary relay agent … 5-137 setup screen …1 - 8 Shortest Path Tree, defined …4 - 8 SPF algorithm displaying OSPF statistics … 5-117 SPT defined … 4-8 operation … 4-10 PIM-SM traffic … 4-42 static IP routes configuring … 5-24, 5-26 route type s … 5-24 See also IP routing.
disable global … 6-18 disable on VR … 6-25 disabled during configuration … 6-20 disabling operation … 6-28 display all instances … 6-40 configuration for all VRs … 6-36 global configuratio.
advertisement interval, change … 6-23 changes … 6-12 configure an instance … 6-20 deactivate … 6-12 defined … 6-4 IP address … 6-12 IP address limit … 6-46 IP address, delete … 6-46 MA.
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Pr oC ur v e 5400zl S w itc hes Inst allati on and Gettin g Startd Guide T echnology for bet ter business outcom es T o learn mo re , vi sit ww w .hp .com/go/p r ocurv e / © Cop yri ght 2009 Hew lett-P ac kar d Dev elopment C ompan y , L.P . The info rma tion contained her ein is sub ject to change without noti ce.
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