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Advanced T raffic Management Guide www .procurv e.com Pr oCurve Series 25 1 0G Switches Y. 1 1 . XX.
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ProCurve Series 2510G Switches Advanced T raffic Management Guide June 2008.
Hewlett-Packa rd Company 8000 Foothills Boulevard, m/s 5551 Roseville, California 95747-5551 http://www .procurve.com © Copyright 2008 Hewlett-Packar d Development Company, L.P . The information c ontained herein is subject to chan ge without notice.
iii Contents Product Documentation About Your Swi tch Manual Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Feature Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iv Multiple VLAN Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9 Single-Forwardin g Database Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11 Example of an Unsupp orted Configuration and How to Correct It . . .
v Configuring GVRP On a Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11 Menu: Viewing and Co nfiguring GVRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12 CLI: Viewing an d Configuring GVRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
vi 5 Multiple Instance Sp anning-Tree Operation Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
vii 6 Quality of Service (QoS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
viii 7 ProCurve Stack Management Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ix Product Documentation About Y our Switch Manual Set The switch manual set includes the following: ■ Read Me First - a printed guid e shipped with your switch. Provides software update infor mation, product notes, and other in formation. ■ Installation and Getting Started G uide - a print ed guide shipped with your switch.
x Product Documentation Feature Index For the manual set supporting your swit ch model , the following feature in dex indicates which manual to consul t for in formation on a gi ven software feature. Feature Management and Configuration Advanced T raffic Management Access Security Guide 802.
xi Product Documentation LLDP X - - MAC Address Management X -- MAC Lockdown - - X MAC Lockout - - X MAC-based Authentication - - X Monitoring and Analysis X -- Multicast Filtering - X - Network Manag.
xii Product Documentation Syslog X - - System Information X -- T ACACS+ Authentication - - X T elnet Access X -- TFTP X - - T ime Protocols (T imeP , SNTP) X -- T roubleshooting X - - VLANs - X - W eb.
1-1 1 Getting Started Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-2 Getting Started Introduction Introduction This Advanced T raffic Management G u ide descr i b e s ho w to manage and configure advanced tr affic management features on your switch .
1-3 Getting Started Conventions ■ Braces within square brackets ( [ < > ] ) i ndicate a required element within an optional choice. ■ Boldface indicat es use of a CLI command, part of a CLI command syntax, or other displayed element in general text.
1-4 Getting Started Sources for More Information ProCurve(config)# ip default-gateway 18.28.152.1/24 ProCurve(config)# vlan 1 ip address 18.28.36.152/24 ProCurve(config)# vlan 1 ip igmp Port Identity Examples This guide describes software applicable to both chassis- based and stackable ProCurve switches.
1-5 Getting Started Sources for More Information Figure 1-2. Getting Help in the Menu Interface ■ For information on a specific comm and in the CLI, type th e command name follo wed by “h elp”. For example: Figure 1-3. Getting Help in the CLI ■ For information on specific featur es in the W eb browser interface, use the online help.
1-6 Getting Started Need Only a Quick Start? Need Only a Quick Start? IP Addressing If you just want to give th e switch an IP address so that it can communicate on your network, or if you are no t using multiple VLANs, ProCurve recommends that you use the Switch Se tup screen to quickly configure IP addressing.
2-1 2 Static V irtual LANs (VLANs) Contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 Port-Based Virtual LANs (Static VLANs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-2 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Overview Overview This chapter describes h ow to configure and use stati c , port-based VLANs on the switches covered by this manual.
2-3 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Port-Based V irtual LANs (Static VLANs) VLAN Features A VLAN is a group of ports designated by the switch as be lo nging to the same broadcast domain. (That is, all ports carrying tr affic for a particular subnet address would normally belong to th e same VLAN.
2-4 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) bandwidth is saved by not allowing p ackets to flood out all ports. Separate VLANs on the switch can communicate wi th each other through an external router .
2-5 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Figure 2-2. Example of Overlapping VLANs Usin g the Same Server Similarly , using 802.1Q-compliant switches, you can connect mult iple VLANs through a single switch-to-switch li nk.
2-6 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Figure 2-4. Example of T agged and Untagged VLAN T echnology in the Same Network For more information on VLANs, refer to: ■ .
2-7 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) features and ensure that m ultiple instances of DHCP or Boot p on different VLANs do not result in conf licting configuration val ues for th e switch. The primary VLAN is the VLAN the switch uses to run and manage these features and data.
2-8 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Per -Port Static VLAN Configuration Options The follow ing figure and table sho w the options you have for assigning individual ports to a st atic VLAN. Note that GVRP , if config ured, affects these options and VLAN beh avior on the switch.
2-9 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) General Steps for Using VLANs 1. Plan your VLAN strategy and create a map of the logic al topology that will result from configuring VLANs. Incl ude consideration fo r the interaction between VLANs an d other fe atures such as Spanning T ree Protocol, load balancing, and IGMP .
2-10 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) showing th e (different) so urce VLAN and source port. Other switch models have a single-forwarding database , which means they allow only one data- base entry of a unique MAC address, along with the source VLAN and source port on which it is found (see T able 2- 6).
2-11 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Single-Forwarding Database Operation When a packet arrives with a destin ation MAC address that matches a MAC address in the switch’ s forwarding table, the switch tries to send the packet to the port listed for that MAC ad dress.
2-12 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Figure 2-1. Example of Inval id Configuration for Single-Forwarding t o Multiple- Forwarding Database Device s in a Multiple VLAN Environment In figure 2-1, PC “A” sends an IP packe t to PC “B”.
2-13 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) The Solution. T o avoid the preceding problem, use only one cable or port trunk between t he single-forwarding and m ultiple-forwarding data base devices, and configure th e link with multiple, tagged VLANs.
2-14 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Figure 2-3. Example of a Valid T opology for Devices Having Multiple -Forwarding Databases in a Multiple VLAN Environment Menu: Configuring VLAN Parameters In the factory default state, support is enabled for up to ei ght VLANs.
2-15 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Figure 2-8. The Default VLAN Support Screen 2. Press [E] (for Ed it) , then do one or mo re of the followin g: ■ T o change the maximum number of VLANs, ty pe the new number .
2-16 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) – If you changed the VLAN Support option, yo u must reboot the switch before the Maximum VLANs change ca n take effec t. Y ou can go on to configure other VLAN parameters first, but re mem- ber to reboot the switch when you are finished.
2-17 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) 3. T ype in a VID (VLAN ID number). Th is can be any number from 2 to 4094 that is not already being used by a nother VLAN. (The switch reser v es “1” for the default VLAN.) Remember that a VLAN must have the same VID in every switch in which you configure that same VLA N.
2-18 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Adding or Changing a VLAN Port Assignment Use this procedure t o add ports to a VLAN or to change the VLAN assign- ment(s) for any port. (Ports not specifically assigned to a VLAN are automat- ically in the defa ult VLAN.
2-19 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Note For GVRP Operation: If you enable GVRP on the switch, “ No ” converts to “ Auto ”, which allows th e VLAN to dynamically join an advertised VLAN that has the same VID.
2-20 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) CLI: Configuring VLAN Parameters In the factory default state, al l po rts on the sw itch belong to the (port-based) default VLAN (DEF AUL T_VLAN; VID = 1) and are in the same broadcast/ multicast domain.
2-21 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Figure 2-14. Example of “show vlans” Listing (GVRP Enabled) ProCurve(config)# show vlans Status and Counters - VLAN Informa.
2-22 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Displaying the Co nfiguration for a Particular VLAN. This command uses the VID to ide ntify and display the data for a specific static or dynamic VLAN. Syntax : show vlans < vlan-id > Figure 2-15.
2-23 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Displaying the VLAN Membership of One or More Ports. This com- mand shows to wh ich VLAN a port belo ngs.
2-24 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Figure 2-17 is an exampl e of the output when the deta il option is not used. Figure 2-17. Example of “Show VLAN Ports” Cumulative Listing Figure 2-18 is an exampl e of the output when the deta il option is used.
2-25 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Changing the Number of VLANs Allowed on the Switch. By default, the switch allows a maximum of 8 VLANs. Y ou can specify any value from 1 to the upper limit for t he switch. If GVRP is enabled, this setting includes any dynamic VLANs on the switch.
2-26 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Creating a New Static VLAN Changing the VLAN Context Level. W ith this command, ent ering a new VID creates a new static VLAN. Entering the VID or name of an existing static VLAN pla ces you in the context level for that VLAN.
2-27 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) want to m ake the VLAN permanent. After you con vert a dynamic VLAN to static, you must con figure the switch’ s per -port participat ion in the VLAN in the same way that you would for any static VLAN.
2-28 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) For example, if you have a VLAN named VLAN100 wi th a VID of 100, and all ports are set to No for this VLAN.
2-29 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) 802.1Q VLAN T agging VLAN tagging enabl e s traf fic from more than one VLAN to use the same port. (Even when two or more VLANs use the same port they re main as separate domains and cannot receive traffic from each other without going through an external router .
2-30 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) ■ In switch X: • VLANs assigned to ports X1 - X6 ca n all be untagged because there is only one VLAN assignment per port . Red VLAN traffic will go out only the Red ports; Green VLAN traffi c wi ll go out only the Green ports, and so on.
2-31 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) VLAN tagging gives you se veral options: ■ Since the purpose of VLAN tagging is to allow multiple VLANs on the same port, any port that has only one VLAN assigned to it can be configured as “Untagged” (the default).
2-32 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) The VLANs assigned to ports X3, X4, Y2, Y3, and Y4 can all be untagged because there is only one VLAN assigned per port. Port X1 has multiple VLANs assigned, which means that one VLAN a ssigned to this port can be untagged and any others must be tagged.
2-33 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) The Secure Management VLAN Configures a secure Management VLAN by creating an isol ated network for managing the following ProC.
2-34 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Figure 2-24. Example of Potenti al Security Breaches In figure 2-25, W orkstation 1 has mana gement access to all three switches through the Management VLAN, while the PCs do not.
2-35 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Figure 2-25. Example of Management VLAN Control in a LAN T able 2-2. VLAN Membership in Figure 2-25 Preparation 1. Determine a VID and VLAN name su itable for your Management VLAN.
2-36 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Configuration Syntax : [ no ] mana gement-vlan < vlan-id | vlan-name > Default: Disabled T o confirm the Management VL AN configuration, use the show running-config command.
2-37 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) ■ During a T elnet session to the switch, if you configure th e Management- VLAN to a VID that excludes the port thr ough which you are connected to the switch, you will continue to have access only until you terminate the session by logging ou t or rebooting the switch.
2-38 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Effect of VLANs on Ot her Switch Features Spanning T ree Operation with VLANs Because the switch follows the 802.
2-39 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs) Y ou can send an 802.2 test packet to the VLAN MAC address to verify connectivity to the switch. Likewise, y o u can assign an IP address to the VLAN interface, and when you Ping that address, ARP will resolve the IP ad dress to this MAC address.
2-40 Static Virtual LANs (VLANs) Port-Based Virtual LA Ns (Static VLANs).
3-1 3 GVRP Contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-2 GVRP Overview Overview This chapter describes GVRP and how to configure it with the sw itch’ s buil t- in interfaces, and assumes an understanding of VLANs, which ar e described in Chapter 2, “Static V irtual LANs (VLANs)”.
3-3 GVRP Introduction Introduction GVRP—GARP VLAN Registration Pr otocol—is an application of the Generic Attribute Registration Protocol—GARP . GVRP is defined in the IEEE 802.1Q standard, and GARP is defined in the IEEE 802.1D-1998 standard. Note T o unde rstand and use GVRP you must have a working know ledge of 802.
3-4 GVRP Introduction General Operation When GVRP is enabled on a switch, the VID for any static VLANs configured on the switch is advertised (using BPDUs—Bridge Prot ocol Data Units) out all ports, regardless of whether a port is up or assigned to any p articular VLAN.
3-5 GVRP Introduction Note that if a static VLAN is configu r ed on at least one port of a swi tch, and that port has established a link with anot her device, then all other ports of that switch will send advert is ements for that VLAN.
3-6 GVRP Introduction ■ If the switch already has a static VLAN assignment with the same VID as in the advertisement, and the port is configured to Auto for that VLAN, then the port wi ll dynamically join the VLAN and begin moving that VLAN’ s traffic.
3-7 GVRP Introduction T able 3-1. Option s for Handling “Unknown VLAN” Advertisements: The CLI show gvrp command and the menu in terface VLAN Support screen show a switch’ s current GVRP configuration, incl uding the Unknown VLAN settings. Figure 3-3.
3-8 GVRP Introduction Per -Port Options for Dyna mic VLAN Advertising and Joining Initiating Advertisements. As described in the pr eceding section, to enable dynamic joins, GV RP must be enabled and a port must be configured to Learn (the defaul t).
3-9 GVRP Introduction As the preceding table indicates, when you enable GVRP , a port that has a T agged or Untagged stati c VLAN has the opt ion for both generating adve rtise- ments and dyna mically joining other VLAN s. Note In table 3-2, above, the Unknown VLAN parameters are configured on a per - port basis using the CLI.
3-10 GVRP Introduction GVRP and VLAN Access Control When you enable GVRP on a switch, the default GVRP para meter settings allow all of the switch’ s ports to tr ansmit and receive dynamic VLAN adver - tisements (GVRP adve rtisem ents) and to dynamically jo in VLANs.
3-11 GVRP Introduction 4. Determine security boundaries and ho w the individual ports in the se g- ment will handle dynamic VLAN advertisements. (See table 3-1 on page 3-7 and table 3-2 on page 3-8.
3-12 GVRP Introduction Menu: V iewing and Configuring GVRP 1. From the Main Menu, select: 2. Switch Configuration . . . 8. VLAN Menu . . . 1. VLAN Support Figure 3-4. The VLAN Support Sc reen (Default Configuration) 2. Do the followi ng to enable GVRP and displ ay the Unknown VLAN fi elds: a.
3-13 GVRP Introduction 3. Use the arrow keys to select the port you want, and the Space bar to select Unknown VLAN option for any ports yo u want to change. 4. When you finish making co nfiguration changes, press [Enter] , then [S] (for S ave ) to save your changes to the Startup-Config file.
3-14 GVRP Introduction Figure 3-7. Example of Show GVRP Listing with GVRP Enabled Enabling and Di sabling GVRP on the Switch. This command enables GVRP on the switch.
3-15 GVRP Introduction Figure 3-8. Example of Preventing Specific Ports from Joining Dynamic VLANs Displaying the Static an d Dynami c VLANs Active on the Switch.
3-16 GVRP Introduction Figure 3-10. Example of Listing Sh owing Dynamic VLANs Converting a Dynamic VLAN to a Static VLAN. If a port on the switch has joined a dynami c VLAN, you can us e the follow in.
3-17 GVRP Introduction GVRP Operating Notes ■ A dynamic VLAN must be conv erted to a static VLAN before it can have an IP address. ■ The total num ber of VLANs on the switch (static and dynamic com bined) cannot exceed the current Maximum VL ANs setting.
3-18 GVRP Introduction.
4-1 4 Multimedia T raffic Control with IP Multicast (IGMP) Contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2 General Operation an d Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-2 Multimedia Traf fic Control with IP Multicast (IG MP) Overview Overview This chapter desc ribes Multimedia T raffi c Control with IP Multicas t (IGMP), and explains how to configure IGMP controls to re duce unnecessary bandwidth usage on a per -port basis.
4-3 Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) General Operation and Features General Operation and Features IGMP Features In a network where IP multicas t traffic is transmitted for various.
4-4 Multimedia Traf fic Control with IP Multicast (IG MP) General Operation and Features Enabling IGMP allows detection of IGMP queries and report packets in order to manage IP mu lticast traffic through the swit ch. If no other querier is detected, the switch w ill then also func tion as the querier .
4-5 Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) General Operation and Features IGMP Operating Features Basic Operation In the facto ry default configuratio n, IG MP is disabled. If multip le VLANs are not configured, you must co nfigure IGMP on the default VLAN (DEF AUL T_VLAN; VID = 1).
4-6 Multimedia Traf fic Control with IP Multicast (IG MP) CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP Notes Whenever IGMP is enabled, the swit ch generates an Event Log messag e indicating whet her querier functi onality is enabled. IP multicast traffi c groups are identified by IP ad dresses in the range of 224.
4-7 Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP V iewing the Current IGMP Configuration . This command lists the IGMP configuration fo r a ll VLANs configured on the switch or for a specific VLAN.
4-8 Multimedia Traf fic Control with IP Multicast (IG MP) CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP Figure 4-2. Example Listing of IGMP Configuration for A Specific VLAN Enabling or Disabling IGMP on a VLAN.
4-9 Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP Y ou can also combine the ip igmp command with other IGMP-related commands, as described in the following sections. Configuring Per -Port IGMP Packet Control.
4-10 Multimedia Traf fic Control with IP Multicast (IG MP) Web: Enabling or Disabling IGMP The followi ng command displays the VLAN and per -port configuration resulting fr om the above commands. ProCurve> show ip igmp 1 con fig Configuring the Querie r Function.
4-11 Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates How IGMP Operates The Internet Group Mana gement Protocol (IGMP) is an internal protocol of the Internet Protoco l (IP) suite. IP manages multicast traffic by using switches, multicast routers, and hosts that support IGMP .
4-12 Multimedia Traf fic Control with IP Multicast (IG MP) How IGMP Operates IGMP Operating Notes IGMP identifies members of a multicas t group (within a su bnet) and allows IGMP-confi gured hosts (and routers) to join o r leave multicast groups base d on the following pro cess.
4-13 Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates Supported Standards and RFCs ProCurve’ s implementation of IGMP supports t h e f ollowing standards and operating capabilities: • RFC2236 (IGMP V .2, with backwards suppo rt for IGMP V .
4-14 Multimedia Traf fic Control with IP Multicast (IG MP) How IGMP Operates Operation W ith or W ithout IP Addressing Y ou can configure IGMP on VLANs that do not have IP addressi ng. The benefit of IGMP without IP addressing is a reduction in the number of IP addresses you have to use and configur e.
4-15 Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates Automatic Fast-Leave IGMP IGMP Operation Prese nts a “Delayed Leave” Problem.
4-16 Multimedia Traf fic Control with IP Multicast (IG MP) How IGMP Operates Leave. The Qu erier will continue t o t ran smit the multicast group during this short time, and because the group is no lo nger registered the switch will then flood the mul ticast group to all ports.
4-17 Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates In the next figure, automa tic Fast-Leave operates on the switch ports for IGMP clients “3A” and “5A”, but not on th e swit ch port for IGMP cl ients “7A” and 7B, Server “7C”, and printer “7D”.
4-18 Multimedia Traf fic Control with IP Multicast (IG MP) How IGMP Operates Forced Fast-Leave IGMP Forced Fast-Leave IGMP speeds up the pr ocess of blocking unnecessary IGMP traffic to a switch port that is connected to multiple end nodes. (This feature does not activate on ports w here the s witch detects only one end node).
4-19 Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates Setting Forced Fast-Leave Using the MIB Fast-Leave and Forced Fast-Leave options for a port can al so be set through the switch’ s MIB (Manag ement Informa tion Base).
4-20 Multimedia Traf fic Control with IP Multicast (IG MP) How IGMP Operates Figure 4-4. Example of a Forced Fast -Leave Listing where all Ports are Members of the Defau lt VLAN T o List the Forced Fast-L eave State for a Single Port. (See the “Note on VLAN Numbers” on page 4-19.
4-21 Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) How IGMP Operates Configuring Per -Port Forced Fast-Leave IGMP In the factory -default configuratio n, Forc ed Fast-Leave is disabl ed for all ports on the switch. T o enable (or disable) this feat ure on individual ports, use the switch’ s setmib command, as show n below .
4-22 Multimedia Traf fic Control with IP Multicast (IG MP) Using the Switch as Querier Using the Switch as Querier Querier Operation The function of the IGMP Queri e r is to poll other IGMP- enabled devices in an IGMP-enabled VL AN to elicit group membership informat ion.
4-23 Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (I GMP) Excluding Multicast Addresses from IP Multicast Filtering Excluding Multicast Addresses from IP Multicast Filtering Each multicast host group is ident ified by a single IP address in the range of 224.
4-24 Multimedia Traf fic Control with IP Multicast (IG MP) Excluding Multicast Addresses fr om IP Multicast Filtering Notes: IP Multicast Filters. This operation applies to the ProCurve Switch 1600M, .
5-1 5 Multiple Instance Spanning-T ree Operation Contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2 802.1s Multi ple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-2 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation Overview Overview MSTP Features W ithout spanning tree, having more than one acti ve path between a pair of nodes causes loops in t he network, which can result in du plication of mes- sages, leading to a “broadcast storm” that can bring down the network.
5-3 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation Overview instance spanning-t ree network enables blocking of redundant links in one instance while allowing forwarding over the same links for no n-redundant use by another instance.
5-4 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation Overview The logical an d physical topologies result ing from these VLAN/Instanc e groupings result i n blocking on differen t links for di fferent VLANs: Figure 5-1.
5-5 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation Overview Note on Path Cost RSTP and MSTP implements a greater range of path costs and new default path cost values to acc ount for h igher network speeds. These values are different than the val ues define d by 802.
5-6 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) 802.1s Multiple Spanning T ree Protocol (MSTP) The 802.1D and 802.1w spanning tree protocols operate wi thout regard to a network’ s VLAN configuration, and maintain one common spanning tree throughout a bridged network .
5-7 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) MSTP Structure MSTP map s active, separate paths thr ough separate spanning tree instances and between MST regions. Each MST region comprises one or more MS TP switches.
5-8 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) MST Region: An MST region comprises the VL ANs conf igured on physically connected MSTP switches. All switches in a given regio n must be configur ed with the sam e VLANs and Multi ple Spanning T ree Instances (MSTIs).
5-9 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Caution When you enable MSTP on the switch, the default MST P spanning tree configuration settings comply with the values recommended in the IEEE 802.1s Multiple Spanni ng T ree Protocol (MSTP) standard.
5-10 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) How Separate Instances Affect MSTP Operation. Assigning different groups of VLANs to different instances ensures that those VLAN groups use independent f orwarding paths.
5-11 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) W ithin a region, traffic ro uted between VLANs i n separate instances can take only one physical path.
5-12 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) MSTP Operation with 802.1Q VLANs As indicated in th e preceding sections, within a given MST instance, a sing le spanning tree is co nfigured for all VLAN s included in that instance.
5-13 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Te r m i n o l o g y Bridge: See “MSTP Bridge”. Common and Internal Spanning T ree (CIST): Comprises all LANs, STP , and RSTP bridges an d MSTP regions in a network.
5-14 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) ■ No switch has a point -to-point connection to a brid ging device that cannot process RSTP BPDUs.
5-15 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) ■ W ithin an MST region, there is one logical forwarding topology p er instance, and each instance comprise s a unique set of VLANs.
5-16 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) As indicated above, one o f the benefits of MSTP an d RSTP is the implemen- tation of a larg er range of port pa th costs, which accommodates higher network speed s.
5-17 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Note on MSTP Rapid State T ransitions Under some circumstances th e rapid state transitions employ ed by MSTP (and RSTP) can increa se the rates of frame duplicati on and misorderin g in the switched LAN.
5-18 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) – Device spanni ng-tree priority . Sp ecifies the priority value used along with the switch MAC address to determine wh ich device is root. The lower a priority va lu e, the higher the priority .
5-19 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Configuring MSTP Operat ion Mode and Global Parameters The commands in this section apply on the switch level, and do not affect individual po rt configurations.
5-20 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Syntax: [no] spanning-tree conf ig-name < ascii-string > This command resets the config uration name of the MST region in which the switch resid es. This name can include up to 32 non-blank characters and is case-sensitive.
5-21 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Syntax: spanning-tree max-hops < hop-count > This command resets the number of hops allowed for BPD Us in an MST region. When an MSTP switch receives a BPDU, it decrements the hop-count setting the BPDU carries.
5-22 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Configuring MSTP Per Port The basic port connectivity parameters affect spanning -tree links at the global level.
5-23 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Configuring Per Port Parameters spanning-tree priority page 5-25 root-guard tcn-guard loop-protect Syntax: [no] spanning -tree <port-list> admin-edge-port Enable admin-edge-port on ports connected to end nodes.
5-24 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Syntax: [no] spanning -tree < port-list > mcheck Forces a port to send RSTP BPDUs for 3 seconds. This allows for another switch connected to the port and running RSTP to e stablish it s connection quickly and for identifying switches running 802.
5-25 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Syntax: spanning-tree < p ort-list > poin t-to-point-mac < force-true | forc e-false | auto > This parameter informs the switch of the type of device to which a specific port connects.
5-26 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Configuring BPDU Filtering The STP BPDU filter feature al lows co ntr ol o f spanning-tree participation on a per -port basis. It can be used to exclude specific ports from becomin g p art of spanning tree oper ations.
5-27 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) For example, to configure BP DU filtering on port a9, enter: ProCurve(config)# spanning-tree a9 bpdu-filter V iewing BPDU Filte ring. The spanning-tree sho w <p o r t > configuratio n command displays the BPDU’ s filter state.
5-28 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Figure 5-7. Example of BPDU Protec tion Enabled at the Network Edge The followi ng commands allow you to config ure BPDU protection. Caution This command sh ould only be used t o guard edge ports that are not expected to participate in STP o perations.
5-29 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) The following steps will t hen be set in process: 1. When an STP BPDU packet is received on ports 1-10, STP treats it as an unauthorized transmissi on attempt an d shuts down the port that the BPDU came in on.
5-30 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Configuring Loop Protection Y ou can use BPDU protection for systems that have spanning tree enabl ed (See.
5-31 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) T o display information ab out ports with loop protection, enter this command. Figure 5-10. Example of Show Loop Protect Display [disable-timer <0-604800>] How long (in seconds) a port is di sabled when a loop has been detected.
5-32 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Configuring MST In stance Parameters Command Page spanning-tree instance < 1..16 > vlan < vid > [ vid..vid ] no spanning-tree instance < 1..16 > page 5-32 spanning-tree instance < 1.
5-33 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Syntax: spanning-tree instance < 1..16 > priority < 0 .
5-34 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Syntax: spanning-tree priority < 0 .. 15 > Every switch running an instance of MSTP has a Bridge Identifier , which is a unique id entifier that helps distinguish this switch from all others.
5-35 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Configuring MST Instance Per -Port Parameters Command Page spanning-tree instance < 1..16 > < port-list > path-cost < auto | 1..200 000000 > page 5-35 spanning-tree instance < 1.
5-36 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Syntax: spanning-tree instance < 1..16 > [e] < port-list > priority < priority-multiplier > This command sets the priority for the specified port(s) in the specified MST instance.
5-37 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Syntax: spanning-tree [e] < port-list > priority < priority-multiplier > This command sets the priority for the specified port(s) for the IST (that is, Instance 0) of the region in wh ich the switch resides.
5-38 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Enabling or Disabling Sp anning T r ee Operation This command enables or disables span ning tree operation for any spanning tree protocol ena bled on the switch.
5-39 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) 1. Configure the VLANs you want incl uded in any instances in the new region. When you create the pendi ng region, all VLANs configured on the switch will be assigned to the pend ing IST instance unless assigned to other , pending MST instances.
5-40 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) 9. T o view the curre nt pending M STP configuration, use the show spanning- tree pending command (page page 5-46). Displaying MSTP Statis tics and Configuration Displaying MSTP Statistics Displaying Switch Statistics for the Common Spanning T ree.
5-41 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Figure 5-11. Example of Common Spanning T ree Status on an MSTP Switch Switch’ s Spanning T ree Config ur.
5-42 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Displaying Switch Statistics for a Specific MST Instance. Figure 5-12. Example of MSTP Statistics for a Specific Instance on an MSTP Switch Syntax: show spanning-tree instance < ist | 1.
5-43 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Displaying the MSTP Configuration Displaying the Global MSTP Configu ration. This command displays the switch’ s basic and MST region spanning -tree configuration, including basic port connectivity settings.
5-44 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Displaying Per -Instance MSTP Configurations. These commands dis- plays the per -instance port configurat ion and current state, along with instance iden tifiers and regional root data.
5-45 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Displaying the Region-Level Configurati on in Brief. This com mand output is useful for quickly verifying the allocation of VLAN s in the switch’ s MSTP configur ation and for viewing th e configured region identifiers.
5-46 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Displaying the Pending MSTP Configuration. This command displays the MSTP config uration the switch will i.
5-47 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Displaying the Root Histor y. This comman d displays the spanning-tree root changes hist ory informati on.
5-48 Multiple Instance Spanning-Tr ee Operation 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Operating Notes SNMP MIB Support for MSTP . MSTP is a superset of the STP/802. 1D and RSTP/802.1w protocols and uses the MIB objects defi ned for these two protocols.
6-1 6 Quality of Service (QoS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2 Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-2 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction Introduction . As the term suggests, network po licy refers to the network-wid e controls you can implement to: ■ Ensu.
6-3 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction ■ Change the priorities of traffic from various segments of your network as your business needs change. ■ Set priority policies in edge switches in your network to enable traffic- handling rules across the network.
6-4 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction in an 802.1Q VLAN environment (with 802. 1p priority tags) or in an untagged VLAN environment (w ith DSCP policies) where QoS can set priorities that downstream device s c an support wi thout re-classifying the traffic.
6-5 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction T erminology Te r m Use in This Document 802.1p priority A traffic priority setting carried by a VLAN-tagged packet moving from one device to another through ports that are tagged members of the VLAN to wh ich the packet belongs.
6-6 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction Overview QoS settings operate on two levels: ■ Controlling the priority of outbound packets moving through the switch:.
6-7 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction ■ Configuring a priority for outbo und packets and a service (prior - ity) policy for use by do wnstream devices: • DSCP Policy: This feature enables you to set a priority policy in outbound IP packets.
6-8 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction If a packet is not in a VL AN-tagged port environment, then the QoS se ttings in table 6-2 control o nly to which outbound queue the packet goes. W ithout VLAN tagging, no 802.
6-9 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction Packet T ypes and Evaluation Order The switches covered by this chapter provide two QoS types (packet -matching criteria) you can use to configure QoS priority . T able 6-4.
6-10 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Introduction T able 6-5. Preced ence Criteria for QoS types Precedence Criteria Overview 1 IP T ype- of- Service (IP T oS) T akes precedence based on the TOS field in IP pack ets. (App lies only to IP packets.
6-11 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Preparation for Configuring QoS Preparation for Configuring QoS QoS operates in VLAN-tagged and VL AN-untagged environments. If your network does not u se multiple VLANs, you can still imp l ement the 802.
6-12 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Preparation for Configuring QoS T able 6-7. Applying QoS Op tions to T raffic T ypes Defined by QoS T ypes 3. If you want to include 802 .1 p priority settings in outbound packets, ensure that tagged VLANs are co nfigured on the approp riate downstrea m links.
6-13 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Preparation for Configuring QoS Planning a QoS Configuration QoS uses resources in a way that requ ires attention to rule usage when planning a QoS configuration.
6-14 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic Using QoS T ypes T o Configure QoS for Outbound T raffic Note In addition to th e information in this section on the various Qo S types, refer to “QoS Operati ng Notes and Restrictions” on page 6-37.
6-15 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Config u re QoS for Outbound Traffic No Override By default, the dscp-map output automatically list No-override for priority options that have not been pre-configur ed.
6-16 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic QoS IP T ype-of-Service (T oS) Policy and Priority QoS T ype Precedence: 1 Thi.
6-17 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Config u re QoS for Outbound Traffic Assigning an 802.1p Priority to IPv4 Packets on the Basis of the T oS Preced.
6-18 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic T o replace thi s option with the T oS diff-services option, just configure diff- services as described be low , which a utoma tically disables IP-Pre cedence.
6-19 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Config u re QoS for Outbound Traffic Note on DSCP Use Different applic ations may use the same DSCP in their IP pa ckets. Also, the same application may use multiple DSCPs if the ap plication originates on different clients, servers, or other de vices.
6-20 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic . Syntax: qos type-of-service diff-services < codepoint > Causes the switch to read the < codep oint > ( DS CP) of an incoming IPv4 packet and, when a match occurs, assign a corresponding 802.
6-21 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Config u re QoS for Outbound Traffic For example, an edge switch “A” in an untagged VLAN assigns a DSCP of 000110 on IP packets it receives on port A6, and handles the packets with high priority (7).
6-22 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic Figure 6-6. Example of a T ype-of-Service Configuratio n Enabling Both Di rect 802.
6-23 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Config u re QoS for Outbound Traffic 3. Use qos type-of-service diff-services < in coming-DSCP > dscp < outgoing- DSCP > to c hange the policy on packets coming from the edge or upstream switch with the specified incoming DSCP .
6-24 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic For exampl e, suppose you want to conf igure the following two DSCP policies for packets received with the indicated DSCPs.
6-25 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Config u re QoS for Outbound Traffic 2. Configure the policies in the DSCP table: Figure 6-8. Example of Polici es Configured (with Optional Names) in the DSCP T able 3.
6-26 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic Details of QoS IP T ype-of-Service IP packets include a T ype of Servic e (T oS) byte.
6-27 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Config u re QoS for Outbound Traffic Figure 6-10 shows an example of the T oS byte in the header for an IPv4 packet, and illustrates the diffserv bi ts and prec edence bits in the T oS byte .
6-28 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic T able 6-8. How th e Switch Uses the T oS Configuration T able 6-9.
6-29 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Config u re QoS for Outbound Traffic QoS Interface (Sour ce-Port) Pr iority QoS T ype Precedence: 2 The QoS Interface option enables you to use a packet’ s source-port on the switch as a QoS type.
6-30 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic For example, suppose that you want to prioritize inbound traffic on the following source-ports: Y ou would then execute the following comm ands to prioritize traffic received on the above ports: Figure 6-11.
6-31 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Config u re QoS for Outbound Traffic If you then decid ed to remove port 1 from QoS pr ioritization: Figure 6-12.
6-32 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic Differentiated Services Codepoint (DSCP) Mapping The DSCP Policy T able associates an 802.1p priority with a specific T oS byte codepoint in an IPv4 packet.
6-33 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Config u re QoS for Outbound Traffic T able 6-10. The Def ault DSCP Policy T able Default Priority Settings for S.
6-34 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Configure QoS for Outbound Traffic Quickly Listing Non-Defa ult Codepoint Settings T able 6-10 lists the switch’ s default co de point/priority sett ings.
6-35 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Types To Config u re QoS for Outbound Traffic Effect of “ No-override ”. In the QoS T ype-of-Service differentiated serv ices mode, a No-override ass i gnm e n t for th e codepoi nt of an out bound packet means that QoS is effective ly disabled fo r such pac kets.
6-36 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively IP Multicast (IGMP) Interaction with QoS IP Multicast (IGMP) Interaction with QoS IGMP high-p riority- forward ca uses the switch to service the subscribed IP multicast group traffic at hi gh priority , even if QoS on the switch has relegated the traffic to a lower priorit y .
6-37 Quality of Service (Q oS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively QoS Operating Notes and Restrictions QoS Operating Notes and Restrictions T able 6-11. Details of Packet Crite ria and Restrictions for QoS Suppo rt ■ For Devices that Do Not Support 802.
6-38 Quality of Service (QoS ): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively QoS Operating Notes and Restrictions.
7-1 7 ProCurve Stack Management Contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-2 ProCurve Stack Management Contents Using the CLI To Disable or Re-Enable Stac king . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-46 Transmission Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-46 Stacking Operat ion with Multiple VLANs Configured .
7-3 ProCurve Stack Management Overview Overview This chapte r describes how to use your network to stack swi t ches wi thout the need for any specialized cabling.
7-4 ProCurve Stack Management Operation Operation Stacking Features ProCurve Stack Management (termed stacking ) enables you to use a single IP address and standard network cabling to manage a group of up to 16 total switches in the same IP subnet (bro adcast domain).
7-5 ProCurve Stack Management Operation ■ Simplify m anagement of smal l wo rkgroups or wiring closets while scaling your network to handle increased bandwidth demand.
7-6 ProCurve Stack Management Operation Components of ProCurve Stack Management T able 7-1. Stackin g Definitions Figure 7-1. Illustration of a Swi tch Moving from Candidate to Member General Stacking.
7-7 ProCurve Stack Management Operation Figure 7-2. Example of Stacking w ith One Commander Controlling Access to Wiring Closet Sw itches Interface Options. Y ou can configure stacking through the switch’ s menu interface, CL I, o r the W eb b rowser inte rface.
7-8 ProCurve Stack Management Operation Operating Rules for Stacking General Rules ■ Stacking is an opt ional feature (enabled in the defa ult configur ation) and can easily be disabled. Stac ki ng has no effect on the normal operation of the sw itch in your network.
7-9 ProCurve Stack Management Operation Specific Rules T able 7-2. Specifi c Rules for Commander , Candidate, and Member Sw itch IP Addressing and Stack Name Number Allowed Per Stack Passwords SNMP Communities Commander IP Addr: Requires an assigned IP address and mask for access via the network.
7-10 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Note In the default stack conf iguration, the Candidate Auto Join parameter is enabled, but the Commander Auto Grab parameter is disabled.
7-11 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Options for Configuring a Commander and Candidates. Depending on how Commander and Candidate switches are con figured, Candidates can join a stack either automatically or by a Commander manually adding (“pulli ng”) them into the stack .
7-12 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management ■ Default stacking co nfiguration ( Stack State set to Candidate , and Auto Join set to Ye s ) ■ Same subnet (broadcast domain) and default VLAN as the Commander (If VLANs are used in the stack environment, see “Stacking Operation with a T agged VLAN” on page 7-46.
7-13 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management 2. Configure the Commander switch. Do ing this first hel ps to establish consistency in your stack configurat ion, which can help prevent startup problems. • A stack requires one Commander sw itch.
7-14 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Using the Menu Interface T o V iew Stack Status and Configure Stacking Using the Menu Interface T o V i ew and Configure a Commander Switch 1. Configure an IP address and subn et ma sk on the Commander switc h.
7-15 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management 3. Display the Stack Configuration menu by pressing [3] to select Stack Configuration . Figure 7-6. The Default Stac k Configuration Screen 4. Move the cursor to the Stack State field by pressing [E] (for Edit ).
7-16 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management 7. Ensure that the Commander has the desired Auto Grab setting, then press the downarrow key: • No (the default) prev e nt s automatic joining of Candid ates that have their Auto Join set to Ye s .
7-17 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Using the Menu T o “Push” a Switch Into a Stack, Modify the Switch’ s Configuration, or Di sable Stacking on the Switch. Use T elnet or the W eb browser interface to access the Candidate if it has an IP address.
7-18 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management • T o change Auto Join or T ransmission Interval , use [T ab] to select the desired parameter , and: – T o change Auto J oin , use the Space bar . – T o change T ransmission Interval , ty pe in the new va lue in the range of 1 to 300 seconds.
7-19 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Using the Commander’ s Menu T o Manua lly Add a Candidate to a Stack. In the defaul t configuration, you must manually add stack Members from the Candidate pool.
7-20 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Figure 7-10. Example of Candidate Li st in Stack Management Screen 3. Either accept the displ ayed switch number or enter another available number . (The range is 0 - 15, with 0 reserved for the Commander .
7-21 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Figure 7-11. Example of Stack Managem ent Screen After New Member Added Using the Commander’ s Menu T o Mo ve a Member From One Stack to Another .
7-22 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Y ou will then see the Stac king Status (All) screen: Figure 7-12. Example of How th e Stacking Status (All) Screen Helps Y ou Find Member MAC Addresses 3.
7-23 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management 8. Do one of the following: • If the stack containing the Mem ber you are m oving has a Manager password, press the downarrow key to select the Can didate Password fiel d, then type the password .
7-24 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management T o remove a Member from a stack, use the Stack Manage ment screen. 1. From t he Main Menu, select: 9. Stacking... 4. Stack Managemen t Y ou will then see the St ack Managemen t s creen: Figure 7-13.
7-25 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management 4. T o continue deleting the selected Member , press the Space bar once to select Ye s for the prom pt, then press [Enter] to complete the deletion. The Stack Management screen updates to sh ow the new stack Member list.
7-26 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Figure 7-17. The eXecute Command Displays th e Console Main Menu for the Selected Stack Mem ber 2. Y ou can now make configuration change s and/or view status data for the selected Member in the same way th at you would if you were directly connected or teln etted into the switch.
7-27 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management 3. Press [B] (for Back ) to return to th e Stacking Menu. 4. T o disp lay Stack Configuratio n menu for the switch you are moving, select 3. Stack Configura tion 5. Press [E] (for E dit ) to select the Stack State parameter .
7-28 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Using Any Stacked Switch T o V iew the Status for All Switches with Stacking Ena bled. This procedure displays the general status of all switches in the IP subn et (broadcast do main) that have stacking enabled.
7-29 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Figure 7-19. Example of the Comm ander’ s Stacking Status Screen V iewing Member Sta tus. This procedure displays the Member’ s stacking information plus the Commander’ s status, I P address, and MAC address.
7-30 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Figure 7-20. Example of a Me mber’ s Stacking Status Screen V iewing Candida te Status. This procedure displays the Candidate’ s stacking conf iguration. T o display the status for a Candidate: 1.
7-31 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Using the CLI T o V iew Stack Status and Configure Stacking The CLI ena bles you to do all of t he stacking tasks availa ble through the menu interface.
7-32 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management [no] stack member <switch-num> mac-address <mac-addr> [password <password-str> ] Commander: Adds a Candidate to stack membership. “No” form removes a Member from stack membership.
7-33 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Using the CLI T o V i ew Stack Status Y ou can list the stack st atus for an individual s witch and for other switches that have been discover ed in the sa me subn et. Syntax : show stack [candidates | view | all] V iewing the Statu s of an Individual Switch.
7-34 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management V iewing the Status of all Stack-Enabled Switches Discovered in the IP Subnet. The next example lists all the stac k-configured switches discovered in the IP subnet.
7-35 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Using the CLI T o Configure a Commander Switch Y ou can configure any stacking-ena bled sw itch to be a Commander as long as the intended stack name does not already exis t on the broad cast do main.
7-36 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Figure 7-26. Example of the Comm ander’ s Show Stack Screen wi th Only the Commander Discovered Using a Member’ s CLI to Convert the Member to the Commander of a New Stack. This procedure requires that yo u first remo ve the Member from its current stack , then create the new stack.
7-37 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Figure 7-27. Example of Using a Mem ber’ s CLI T o Convert the Member to the Commande r of a New Stack Adding to a Stack or Movi ng Switch.
7-38 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Using the Commander’ s CLI T o Manuall y Add a Candidate to the Stack. T o manually add a candidate , you will use: ■ A switch number ( SN ) to assign to the new member . Member SNs range from 1 to 15.
7-39 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management For example, if the ProCurve 8000M in the above listing did not have a Manager password and you want ed to make it a stack Member wi th an S.
7-40 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Using a Candidate CL I T o Manually “Push” the Candidate Into a Stack . Use this method if any of the following appl y: ■ The Candidate’ s Auto Join is set to Ye s (and you do not want to enable Auto Grab on the Commander) or the Candidate’ s Auto J oin is set to No .
7-41 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Syntax : stack member < switch-number > mac-address < mac-addr > [ p assword < password-str >] In the destination Commander , use show stack al l to f ind the MAC address of the Member you wan t to pull into the destinatio n stack.
7-42 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Syntax : no stack name < stack name> stack join < mac-address > If you don’ t know the MAC address of the destination Co mmander , you can use show stack all to identify it.
7-43 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Use show stack view to list the stack Membe rs. For example, suppose that you wanted to use the Command er to remove the “North Sea” Memb er from the following stac k: Figure 7-34.
7-44 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Y ou would then ex ecute this command in the “Nor th Sea” switch’ s CLI to remove the switch from the stack: North Sea(config)# no sta.
7-45 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management SNMP Community Operation in a Stack Community Membership In the default stacking co nfiguratio n, when a Cand idate joins a sta ck, it autom.
7-46 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Note that in the above example (fig ure 7-37) you cannot use the public community thro ugh the Commander to access any of the Member switches. For example, you can use the public co mmunity to access the MIB in switches 1 and 3 by using their unique IP addre sses.
7-47 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management ■ Stacking uses only the primary VLAN on each switch in a stack. ■ The primary VLAN can be tagged or untagged as needed in the stacking path from switch to swit ch. ■ The same VLAN ID (VI D) must be assigned to the primary VLAN in each stacked switch.
7-48 ProCurve Stack Management Configuring Stack Management Status Messages Stacking screens and li stings display these status messages: Message Condition Action or Remedy Candidate Auto-join Indicates a switch configured with Stack State set to Candidate, Auto Join set to Ye s (the default), and no Manager password.
Index – 1 Numerics 802.1p priority (QoS) definition … 6-5 802.1w as a region … 5-14 A advertisement … 3-3 applicable products … 1-ii auto port setting … 4-5 B bandwidth effect of QoS … 6.
2 – Index CLI, configuring … 3-13 configurable port options … 3-6 configuring learn, block, disable … 3-7 convert dynamic to static … 3-6 converting to static VLAN … 3-3 disable … 3-7 dy.
Index – 3 multicast group See IGMP. multimedia See IGMP. multiple … 2-9 multiple forwarding database … 2-9 N notes on using VLANs … 2-9 notices … 1-ii O outbound port (QoS) definition … 6-.
4 – Index broadcast storm … 5-2 enabling MSTP … 5-38 MSTP See spanning-tree, 802.1s VLAN effect on … 2-38 spanning-tree root-history … 5-47 spanning-tree, 802.1s … 5-2, 5-6 802.1D and 802.1w connections … 5-14 802.1D as a region … 5-13, 5-14 802.
Index – 5 MSTP … 5-9 MSTP operation … 5-9 MSTP, view global configuration … 5-43 multiple spanni ng tree instance See MSTI override hello-time … 5-14 path cost, effect on 802.
6 – Index U upstream device QoS) definition … 6-6 V VID See VLAN. virtual stacking transmission interval range … 7-18 VLAN … 2-3, 2-38 convert dynamic to static … 3-3 dedicated management .
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T echnical information in this document is subject to change without notice. © Copyright 2008 Hewlett-Packard Development Company , L.P . All rights reserved. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior written permission is prohibited except as allowed under the copyrig ht laws.
Un point important après l'achat de l'appareil (ou même avant l'achat) est de lire le manuel d'utilisation. Nous devons le faire pour quelques raisons simples:
Si vous n'avez pas encore acheté HP (Hewlett-Packard) 2510G c'est un bon moment pour vous familiariser avec les données de base sur le produit. Consulter d'abord les pages initiales du manuel d'utilisation, que vous trouverez ci-dessus. Vous devriez y trouver les données techniques les plus importants du HP (Hewlett-Packard) 2510G - de cette manière, vous pouvez vérifier si l'équipement répond à vos besoins. Explorant les pages suivantes du manuel d'utilisation HP (Hewlett-Packard) 2510G, vous apprendrez toutes les caractéristiques du produit et des informations sur son fonctionnement. Les informations sur le HP (Hewlett-Packard) 2510G va certainement vous aider à prendre une décision concernant l'achat.
Dans une situation où vous avez déjà le HP (Hewlett-Packard) 2510G, mais vous avez pas encore lu le manuel d'utilisation, vous devez le faire pour les raisons décrites ci-dessus,. Vous saurez alors si vous avez correctement utilisé les fonctions disponibles, et si vous avez commis des erreurs qui peuvent réduire la durée de vie du HP (Hewlett-Packard) 2510G.
Cependant, l'un des rôles les plus importants pour l'utilisateur joués par les manuels d'utilisateur est d'aider à résoudre les problèmes concernant le HP (Hewlett-Packard) 2510G. Presque toujours, vous y trouverez Troubleshooting, soit les pannes et les défaillances les plus fréquentes de l'apparei HP (Hewlett-Packard) 2510G ainsi que les instructions sur la façon de les résoudre. Même si vous ne parvenez pas à résoudre le problème, le manuel d‘utilisation va vous montrer le chemin d'une nouvelle procédure – le contact avec le centre de service à la clientèle ou le service le plus proche.
