Manuel d'utilisation / d'entretien du produit AlliedWare Plus du fabricant Allied Telesis
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C613-16120-00 REV A www .alliedtelesis.com AlliedW ar e Plus TM OS Ov er vie w of | Intr oduction This How T o Note describes the main f e atures of QoS on s witches running the AlliedW ar e Plus OS.
Page 2 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Ov er view of QoS z Ability to see the curr en t state of egress queues There are commands that enable y ou to see statistics relating to e very egress queue on ever y p o r t . Each of these featur es is di scussed in much mor e detail later on in this document.
Page 3 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Ov er view of QoS Which pr oducts and softwar e version does this Note appl y to? z Pr oducts: SwitchBlade x908, x900-12XT/S, and x900-2 4 series switches z Software v ersions: AlliedW ar e Plus version 5.
Page 4 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Ov er view of QoS P ack et mark ers There ar e four items tha t are used to mark pack ets as they pass th rough the QoS sys tem. z T wo mark ers tha t are car ried within fields of the p ack et itself: z 802. 1 p: The 802.
Page 5 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Ov er view of QoS Outline of the QoS pr ocessing flo w Let's look at each QoS pr ocess in the order that they ar e applied to a packet. The f ollowing figure giv es a quick view of the QoS featur es we ar e about to discuss.
Page 6 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Ov er view of QoS Classification Classification is simply a method of dividing the incoming traffic into traffic flows so that pack ets of one type can be treated differ ently to pack ets of another type. T o do this, you create class ma ps and if desi r ed A CLs.
Page 7 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Ov er view of QoS P olicing P olicin g inv olves measuring the ba ndwidth us ed by a policer and comparing the measurement to the bandwidth limits that ha v e been set for the policer . The policing process allocates a temporary bandwi dth class value to packets.
Page 8 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Ov er view of QoS Queue shaping Each egre ss por t has eight egress queues, wh ich are n umbered 0-7 with 7 being the highest priority queue.
Page 9 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Ov er view of QoS Scheduling In addition to managing the wa y in which pack ets can be dropped when the egr ess queues for a given port start to fill up, y ou can also configure the method that is used to allocate bandwidth to each of the queue s to transm it pack ets onto the line .
Page 10 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Details of the component pr ocesses, and ho w to configur e them QoS elements: policy maps, class ma ps, policers, matches Some aspects of QoS are configured globall y , such as default mapping of CoS to egress queue.
Page 11 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Dia gram of the o v erall QoS pr ocess flo w The following figur e summarises the QoS proc ess flow and the commands to configure each stage . The following sections describe the configuration in detail.
Page 12 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Enabling QoS globall y Befor e configuring QoS, you need to enable it by entering the f ollowing command in global configuration mode: awplus(config)#mls qos enable Initial mapping to queue based on ta g When pack ets arrive at a port, they ar e assigned to an egress queue.
Page 13 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS awplus(config)#interface < port -number > awplus(config-if)#mls qos cos <0-7> The value you change the CoS to is not used to look up the initial egr ess queue setting; the mls qos queue command still determines the queue for untagged pack ets.
Page 14 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Setting new values explicitl y T o explicitly set new values for a particular clas s map , first create the class map (if necessar y), by entering th.
Page 15 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Note that there is just a single mark-dscp ma p f or the whole switch—separate class maps do not ha ve separate mark-dscp maps. The configuration required to use the mark-d scp map is a little mor e complex than the configuration for setting the values explicitly .
Page 16 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Example For the class map called “example” , if y ou wa nt to tak e all traffic with a DSCP of 34, 36 or 38 and premark it to CoS 4, queue 4; CoS.
Page 17 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Applying or dinar y policers to class ma ps Ordinar y policers are used when policing traffic in a single class map in a single policy map on a single port.
Page 18 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Single-rate policing Both ordinar y and aggregate policers can be single-rate . Single-rate policing uses three parameters: z a verage ba ndwidth (in.
Page 19 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS T win-rate policing Both ordinary a nd aggregate policers can be twin-rate. T win-rate policing uses four parameters: z minimum bandwidth (in kbp s) .
Page 20 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Counting policed pack ets T o see the count of policed packets: 1. T urn on the QoS counters enhanced mode by entering global configuration mode and using the command: awplus(config)#platform enhanc edmode qoscounters 2.
Page 21 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Counting pack ets for aggr egate policers If a pack et is processed b y an aggregate policer , it is counted in the output for e ver y por t that the aggregate policer a ppl ies to , not just for the port that received the pack et.
Page 22 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Remarking Remarking happens after the traffic has been policed. It sets the pack et’ s QoS mark ers depending on how w ell the flow conforms to its bandwidth limits. Remarking is performed by looking up the polic ed-dscp map and assigning values to the four mark ers (802.
Page 23 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Queue shaping—queue sets, RED , and tail-drop A queue set defines ho w the switch determines what traffic to dr op when a por t’ s queues become congested.
Page 24 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Note that by default ports only use the maxi mum thre shold, because they ar e in tail-drop mode . The other settings are random-detect mode settings.
Page 25 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS These fundamental cur ves ar e collected into RED cur ve gr oups. A group is a collection of three cur ves, one for each of the thr ee possible bandwidth classes, as sho wn in the following figure. Additionall y , one other parameter is defined on each RED cur ve gr oup .
Page 26 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Specifying which queues to act on T o specify which queues to configure, use the optional queues parameter : awplus(config)#mls qos queue-s et <1-4> queues ... Specify the desire d queues as a space-separated list.
Page 27 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS T o specify the av eraging factor , use the command: awplus(config)#mls qos queue-s et <1-4> [queues < list >] averaging-factor <0-15&.
Page 28 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Strict priority scheduling Then, to set queues to use strict priority scheduling, use th e command: priority-queue < queue-list > Specify the queues as a space-separated list.
Page 29 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS The first of these numbers is th e percentage limit for queue 0, the second number is the limit for queue 1 , and so on.
Page 30 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS P olicing Examples P olicing is the process of counting the n umber of pack ets that the switch pr ocesses and determining their lev el of conformance with th eir bandwidth limits.
Page 31 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Use the following commands to configur e this policing scenario: mls qos enable class-map cm1 match access-group 3000 class-map cm2 match access-grou.
Page 32 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS 2: P olicing one traffic type on combined por ts In this scenario , one ty pe of traffic is collectivel y policed on sev eral por ts. The policer counts all the pack ets that match the type ’ s class map on an y of the ports.
Page 33 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS 3: P olicing one traffic type on separate por ts, and another traffic type on the same por ts combined In this scenario , one type o f traffic is collectiv el y policed on sev eral por ts, while another type of traffic is individually policed on those por ts.
Page 34 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Use the following commands to configur e this policing scenario: mls qos enable mls qos aggregate-police aggr1 twin-rate 1000 200 5000 1000 exceed-ac.
Page 35 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS 4: P olicing combined traffic types on separate por ts In this scenario , two types of traffic ar e collectiv el y policed on a per -port ba sis. The policing is done on se veral diff erent ports. On each po rt, the policer counts all packets that match either type’ s class map .
Page 36 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Use the following commands to configur e this policing scenario: mls qos enable mls qos aggregate-police pol1 twin-rate 1000 4000 256000 1000000 exce.
Page 37 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS 5: P olicing combined traffic types on combined por ts In this scenario , two types of traffic are collectivel y policed on multiple ports collectively . The policer counts all the pack ets that match ei ther type’ s class map on any of the ports.
Page 38 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Use the following commands to configur e this policing scenario: mls qos enable mls qos aggregate-police pol1 twin-rate 1000 4000 256000 1000000 exce.
Page 39 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS: Over view of QoS Mapping the queues in the s w itching instances to queues in the fabric By default, the mapping of the egr ess queues of the switching instances to t.
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Un point important après l'achat de l'appareil (ou même avant l'achat) est de lire le manuel d'utilisation. Nous devons le faire pour quelques raisons simples:
Si vous n'avez pas encore acheté Allied Telesis AlliedWare Plus c'est un bon moment pour vous familiariser avec les données de base sur le produit. Consulter d'abord les pages initiales du manuel d'utilisation, que vous trouverez ci-dessus. Vous devriez y trouver les données techniques les plus importants du Allied Telesis AlliedWare Plus - de cette manière, vous pouvez vérifier si l'équipement répond à vos besoins. Explorant les pages suivantes du manuel d'utilisation Allied Telesis AlliedWare Plus, vous apprendrez toutes les caractéristiques du produit et des informations sur son fonctionnement. Les informations sur le Allied Telesis AlliedWare Plus va certainement vous aider à prendre une décision concernant l'achat.
Dans une situation où vous avez déjà le Allied Telesis AlliedWare Plus, mais vous avez pas encore lu le manuel d'utilisation, vous devez le faire pour les raisons décrites ci-dessus,. Vous saurez alors si vous avez correctement utilisé les fonctions disponibles, et si vous avez commis des erreurs qui peuvent réduire la durée de vie du Allied Telesis AlliedWare Plus.
Cependant, l'un des rôles les plus importants pour l'utilisateur joués par les manuels d'utilisateur est d'aider à résoudre les problèmes concernant le Allied Telesis AlliedWare Plus. Presque toujours, vous y trouverez Troubleshooting, soit les pannes et les défaillances les plus fréquentes de l'apparei Allied Telesis AlliedWare Plus ainsi que les instructions sur la façon de les résoudre. Même si vous ne parvenez pas à résoudre le problème, le manuel d‘utilisation va vous montrer le chemin d'une nouvelle procédure – le contact avec le centre de service à la clientèle ou le service le plus proche.
