Manuel d'utilisation / d'entretien du produit EB-W7 du fabricant Epson
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User's Guide.
Notations Used in This Guide • Safety indications The documentation and th e projector u se graphical sy mbols to show how to use the projector safely. The indications and their meaning are as follows. Make sure you understand them properly before reading the guide.
N o t a t i o n s U s e d i n T h i s G u i d e .......................... 2 Introduction P r o j e c t o r F e a t u r e s .......... ................................. 7 F e a t u r e s C o m m o n t o E a c h M o d e l ............. ................
I m a g e F i l e D i s p l a y S e t t i n g a n d S l i d e s h o w O p e r a t i o n S e t t i n g ................. 4 6 Configuration Menu Using the Configuratio n M e n u ............................... 4 8 L i s t o f F u n c t i o n s .........
C o m p o n e n t v i d e o ..................... ....................... 9 2 C o m p o s i t e v i d e o / S - v i d e o ...... .......................... ....... 9 2 I n p u t s i g n a l f r o m t h e H D M I i n p u t p o r t ( E B - X 8 o n l y ) .
Introduction This chapter explains the projector's features and the part names..
Features Common to Each Mo del Designed for easy handling • Connecting with a USB cable and Projecting (USB Display) Simply by connecting the projec tor to a Windows Com puter wi th the USB cable, you can project images from the computer screen. s "Connecting with a USB cable and Projecting (USB Display)" p.
EB-W8/X8 Features Projecting JPEG images on a USB storage or a digital camera without using a computer By connecting a USB storage or a digital camera to the projector, you can project a Slideshow of JPEG images, such as pictures taken with a digital camera.
Front/Top The illustration is that of EB-W8/X8. From here on, all features will be explained using illustrations of EB-W8/X8 unless otherwise mentioned. Name Function A Lamp c o ver Open this cover when replacing the projector's Lamp. s p.74 Name Function B Air exha ust vent Exhaust vent for air used to cool the projector internally.
Name Function N Con tr ol p a ne l s "Control Panel (EB-W8/X8/W7/X7)" p.13 s "Control Panel (EB-S8/S7)" p.14 Rear (EB-W8/X8) Name Function A Re m o t e Re c ei ver Re ceives signals from the remote control. s Quick Start Guide B Pow er in let Connects to the power cable.
Rear (EB-S8) Name Function A Re m o t e Re c ei ver Re ceives signals from the remote control. s Quick Start Guide B Audio port Inputs audio from the audio out port on the other equipment. s Quick Start Guide C Pow er in let Connects to the power cable.
Rear (EB-W7/X7/S7) Name Function A Re m o t e Re c ei ver Re ceives signals from the remote control. s Quick Start Guide B Audio port Inputs audio from the audio out port on the other equipment. s Quick Start Guide C Pow er in let Connects to the power cable.
Base Name Function A C eilin g m oun t fixing points (thr ee poi nts) Attach the optional Ceiling mount here when suspending the projector from a ceiling. s p.70 , p.79 B R ear f oot When setup on a desk, turn to extend and retract to adjust the horizontal tilt.
Name Function D [Enter] button If pressed during projection of computer signal images, it automatically adjusts the Tracking , Sync. , and Position to project the optimum image. When a Configuration Menu or a Help screen is displayed, it accepts and enters the current selection and moves to the next level.
Name Function F [Help] button Displays and closes the Help screen which shows you how to deal with problems if they occur. s p.58 G [Esc ] bu tto n Stops the current function. If pressed when a Configuration menu is displayed, it moves to the previous menu level.
Name Func tion A [ t ] button Turns the projector power On or Off. s Quick Start Guide B [Computer ] but ton Changes to images from the Compute r input port. s p.23 C [V ideo] button Each time the button is pressed, the image cycles through Video, S-Video, and HDMI (EB-W8/X8 only) input ports.
Useful Functions This chapter explains useful tips for giving presentations, and the Security functions..
By using a USB cable to connect th e projector to a Windows computer you can project images from the comput er. This function is called USB Display. Simply by connecting via a USB cable, images from the computer can be displayed. Operating Conditions for USB Display USB Display operates on computers th at meet the following requirements.
Procedure A Turn the computer on. B Connect to the power cable (supplied). C Turn the projector on. D Open the A/V mute slide. E Connect the suppl ied (EB-W8/X 8/S8 only) or commercially available USB cable. To output audio from the pr ojector's speaker, connect an audio cable (commercially available) to the Audio Port.
Connecting for the first time Procedure A Driver installation starts automatically. When you are using a Windows 2000 computer, double-click My Computer - EPSON_PJ_ UD - EMP_UDSE.
q • If nothing is projected for some reason, click All Programs - EPSON Projector - EPSON USB Display - EPSON USB Display Vx.x , on your computer. • If it is not installed automatically, double-click My Computer - EPSON_PJ_UD - EMP_UDSE.EXE , on your computer.
You can change the projected ima ge in the following two ways. • Changing by Source Search The projector automatically detects signals being input from connected equipment, and the image being input from the equipment is projected. • Changing directly to the target image You can use the Remote Control buttons to change to the target input port.
When two or more pieces of eq uipment are connected, press the [Source Search] button until the target image is projected. q The following screen showing the status of image signals is displayed when only the image that the projector is currently displaying is available, or when no image signal can be found.
Selecting the Projection Quality (Selecting Color Mode) You can easily obtain the optimum image quality simply by selecting the setting that best corresponds to your surroundings when projecting. The brightness of the image varies depending on the mode selected.
Setting the Auto Iris By automatically setting the lumina nce according to the brightness of the displayed image, it lets you enjoy deep and rich images. Procedure A Press the [Menu] button and select Image - Auto Iris from the Configur ation Menu. s "Using the Configuration Menu" p.
q • If you use this function w hen projecting moving images, the images and sound continue to be played back by the source, and you cannot return to the point where A/V Mute was activated.
Changing the Aspect Ratio Change the Aspect Ratio g when video equipment is connected so that images that have been recorded in digital video or onto DVDs can be viewed in 16:9 wide-screen format. Change the Aspect Ratio when projecting computer images at full size.
Changing the Aspect for video equipment images EB-X8/S8/X7/S7 Each time you press the button, it switches between 4:3 and 16:9 . EB-W8/W7 Each time th e button is pressed, it changes in the order Normal , 16:9 , Full , Zoom , a n d Na tive .
Changing the aspect for comp uter images (EB-X8/S8/X7/S7) When projecting images from Computer inpu t port or HDMI input port (EB-X8 only), you can change the Aspect as follows. Set V a lu es Opera ti on Pr oj ection ex a mple Normal Displayed when the source is a computer.
Changing the aspect for computer images (EB-W8/W7) You can change the Aspect as follows. For EB-W8/W7 the projection size is 1280 x 800 dots (aspect ratio 16:10) due to WXGA pane l resolution. When projecting onto 16:9 scre ens, set the Aspect to 16:9 .
Set V a lu es Opera ti on Pr oj ection ex a mple Zoom Projects the input image at the lateral direction aspect size as it is. Parts that extend beyond the projection size are not projected. When a 1024x768 signal is input Native Projects at the resolution of the input image size to the center of the screen.
Pointer Function (Pointer) This allows you to move a Pointer icon on the projected image, and helps you draw attention to the area you are talking about. Procedure A Display the Pointer. Remote Control Each time you press the button, the pointer appears or disappears.
Enlarging Part of the Image (E-Zoom) This is useful when you want to expand images to see them in greater detail, such as graphs and tables. Procedure A Start E-Zoom.
q • The enlargement ratio appears on the screen. The selected area can be enlarged to between 1 to 4 times in 25 incremental steps. • Press the [ ][ ][ ][ ] buttons to scroll the image.
After the computer and the projector have been connected with a USB cable, the mouse pointer can be operated as follows. Mo vi n g the m ous e po in ter Mou se c lic ks Left click: Press the [Enter] button. Right click: Press the [Esc] button. Double click: Press quickly twice.
Page Up/Dow n T o p a g e u p / d o w n w i t h t h e r e m o t e c o n t r o l , s e t USB Type B to Page Up/ Down from Extended in the Configuration Menu.
The projector has the following enhanced security functions. • Password Protect You can limit who can use the projector. • Control Panel Lock You can prevent people changing th e settings on the projector without permission. s p.39 • Anti-Theft Lock The projector is equipped with various types of anti-theft security devices.
B Turn on Pow er On Protect. (1) Select Power On Protect , and then press the [Enter] button. (2) Select On , and then press the [Enter] button. (3) Press the [Esc] button. C T u r n o n U s e r ' s L o g o P r o t e c t . (1) Select User's Logo Protect , and then press the [Enter] button.
Restricting Operation (Control Panel Lock) Perform one of the following to lock the operation buttons on the Control panel. • Full Lock All of the buttons on the Control panel are locked. You cannot perform any opera tions from th e Co ntrol panel, including turning the power on or off.
Anti-Theft Lock As the projector is often setup on ceiling mounts and left in rooms unattended, the projector includes the following security devices to prevent someone from taking the projector. • Security slot The Security slot is compatible with the Microsaver Security System manufactured by Kensington.
In Slideshow, you can connect a USB storage device or a digital camera to the projector, and directly project the image files saved on the device. q It may not be possible to use USB storage devices with security functions.
Removing USB devices After finishing projecting, remove the USB device from the projector's USB(TypeA) port. For digital cameras, hard disks, an d so on, turn off the power to the device and then remove. Starting and Ending a Slideshow Starting a slideshow Procedure A Switch the projected image to USB.
A Cursor • JPEG files are displayed as thumbnails (small images of the files' contents). • It m ay no t be possible for some JPEG files to be displayed as thumbnails.
Projecting Image Files The Slideshow offers you two ways to p r o j e c t i m a g e f i l e s c o n t a i n e d i n a USB storage device or a digital camera. • Projecting the selected single image file This function projects the single image file you selected.
D If you press the [Esc] button, the file list screen is displaye d again. Sequentially projecting all image files in a folder (Slideshow) You can project images files in a folder sequentially, one at a time. This function is calle d Slideshow. Use the following procedure to run a Slideshow.
Image File Display Setting and Slideshow Operation Setting You can set the display order of the files and the operation of the Slideshow in the Option screen. Procedure A Press the [ ][ ][ ][ ] buttons to set the cursor to the folder for which you want to set the displa y requirements, then press the [Esc] button.
Configuration Menu This chapter explains how to use the Configuration Menu an d its functions..
Selecting from the top menu Selecting from the sub menu Changing the selected ite m Exit Using the Configuration Menu 48.
Image Menu Items that can be set vary depending on the image signal and So urce currently being projected a s shown in the following scree n shots. Setting details are saved for each image signal. Depending on the model used , some image signals and sources are not supported.
Sub Menu Func tion Res e t You can reset all adjustment values for the Image menu functions to their default settings. To retu rn all menu items to their default settings, see s p.56 Signal Menu Items that can be set vary depending on the image signal current ly being projected as shown in the following screen shots.
Sub Menu Func tion Pr ogressive (When component video or RGB video signal is input, this setting can only be adjusted when 480i/576i signals are being input. T his cannot be set when a digital RGB signal is input.) Off : IP conversion is carried out for each field in the screen.
Settings Menu EB-W8/X8 EB-W7/X7 EB-S8/S7 Sub Menu Func tion Ke ys t o n e You can correct keystone distortion in the vertical directions. s Quick Sta rt Guide Auto K ey stone (EB-W8/X8 only) Turn On to perform Auto Keystone. (Auto Keystone is only executed when Front is selected from the Extended - Projection menu.
Sub Menu Func tion Res e t You can reset all adjustment values on the Settings menu to their default settings, except for User Button . To return all menu items to their default settings, see s p.56 Extended Menu Sub Me nu Func tion Displ ay You can make settings related to the projector's display.
Sub Me nu Func tion Oper at ion Di rect Power On : Y o u c a n s e t w h e t h e r o r n o t ( On / Off ) to enable Direct Power On. When it is set to On and the power cable is plugged in, be aware that the pr ojector turns on automatically in case such as a power outage is restored.
Info Menu (Display Only) Lets you check the status of the image signals being projected an d the status of the projector. Items that can be displayed var y depending on the image signal and Source currently being projected as shown in the foll owing screen shots.
Reset Menu Sub Menu Func tion Res e t Al l You can reset all items in the Configuration Menu to their default settings. The following items are not reset to their defaults: Input Signal , User's Logo , Lamp Hour s , and Language . Res e t La m p H ou r s You can clear the cumulative Lamp Hours use time, and return it to " 0H ".
Troubleshooting This chapter explains how to identify problems and what to do if a problem is found..
If a problem occurs with the projector, the Help screen is displayed to assist you by pressing the [Help] button. You can solve problems by answering the questions. Procedure A Press the [Help] button. The Help screen is di splayed. Using the Remote C ontr ol Using the Control panel B Select a menu item.
If you are having a problem with the projector, first check the projector's indicators and refer to "Reading the Indicators" be low. I f t h e i n d i c a t o r s d o n o t s h o w c l e a r l y w h a t t h e p r o b l e m m i g h t b e , r e f e r t o " W h e n t h e I n d i c a t o r s P r o v i d e N o H e l p " .
Sometimes, when the power cable is unplugged, the t indicator remains lit for a short period, but this is not a fault. t Indicator is lit or flashing red : L i t : F l a s h i n g : O f f Sta tus Caus.
m o Indicator is lit or flashing orange : L i t : F l a s h i n g : O f f : Varies according to the projector status Sta tus Cause R emedy or Sta tus High Temp Warning (This is not an abnormality. However, if the temperature rises too hi gh again, projection stops automatically.
When the Indicators Provide No Help If any of the following problems occur and the indicators do not offer a solution, refer to the pages given for each problem. Problems relating to i mages • "No images appear" s p.63 Projection does not start, the projecti on area is completely black, the projection area is completely blue, and so on.
Problems relating to images No images appear Che ck Re me dy Did you press the [ t ] button? Press the [ t ] button to turn the power on. Are the indicators switched off? The power cable is not conne cted correctly or power is not being supplied normally.
The message "Not Supported." is displayed. Che ck Re me dy Is the image signal format setting correct? Only when projecting images from a video source Change the setting according to the si gnal for the connected equipment. s Signal Menu - Video Signal p.
Che ck Re me dy Has condensation formed on the lens? If the projector is suddenly taken from a cold envi ronment to a warm environment, or if sud den ambient temperature changes occur, condensation may form on the surface of the lens, and this may cause the images to appear fuzzy.
Che ck Re me dy Is the computer set for dual display? Only when projecting computer im ages If dual display is activated in the "Dis play Properties" of the computer's Contro l Panel, only about half of the image on the computer screen is projected.
Problems when projection starts The projector does not turn on Che ck Re me dy Did you press the [ t ] button? Press the [ t ] button to turn the power on. Are the indicators switched off? The power cable is not conne cted correctly or power is not being supplied normally.
Che ck Re me dy Is the remote control too far from the projector? The operating rang e for the remote control is about 6 m. s Quick Start Guide Is direct sunlight or strong li ght from fluorescent lamps shin ing onto the Remote Receiver? Set the projector up in a location where str ong light does not shine onto the Remote Receiver.
Appendix This chapter provides information on maintenance procedures to ensure the best level of perfor mance from th e projector fo r a lo ng time to come.
The projector supports the following four different projection methods. Install according to the conditions o f the installa tion locati on. Warning • A special method of installation is re quired when suspending the projector from a ceiling (ceil ing mount).
You should clean the projector if it becomes dirty or if the quality of projected images starts to deteriorate. Attention Turn off the projector's power before cleaning. Cleaning the Projector's Surface Clean the projector's surface by wipi ng it gently with a soft cloth.
Cleaning the Air Filter Clean the air filter and the Air intake vent when the following message is displayed. "The projector is ove rheating. Make sure nothing is blocking the air vent, and clean or replace the air filter.
This section explains how to replace the Remote Control batteries, the Lamp, and the air filter. Replacing the Remote Control Batteries I f d e l a y s i n t h e r e s p o n s i v e n e s s o f t h e .
Replacing the Lamp Lamp replacement period It is time to replace the Lamp when: • T h e m e s s a g e " Replace the lamp. " is displayed at the lower left of the projection screen when you start projecting. • The Lamp indicator flashes orange.
Caution Wait until the Lamp has cooled down su fficiently before removing the Lamp cover. If the lamp is still hot, burns or other injuries may result.
E Install the new Lamp. Insert the new Lamp along the guide rail in the correct direction so that it fits in place securely, and tighten the two screws.
F R e p l a c e t h e L a m p c o v e r . Attention • Make sure you install the Lamp secure ly. If the Lamp cover is removed, the power turns off automatically as a safety precaution. If the Lam p or the Lamp cover is not installed corr ectly, the power does not turn on.
C Remove the air filter. Grip the air filter cover tab and pull it straight out. D Install the new air filter. Slide the air filter from th e outside and press in until it firmly clicks into place. E C l o s e t h e a i r f i l t e r c o v e r . q Dispose of used air filters properly in a ccordance with your local regulations.
The followi ng optional accessories an d consumables are available. Please purchase these products as and when needed. The following list of optional accessories and consumables is current as of: 2009.07. Details of accessories are subject to change without notice and availability may vary depending on the country of purchase.
You can save the image that is currently being projected as a User's Logo. q Once a User's Logo has been save d, the logo cannot be returned to the factory default. Procedure A Project the image you want to use as the User's Logo, and then press the [Menu] button.
Using the Remote C ontr ol Using the Control panel q You can save at 400 ^ 300 do ts in si ze. E When Select this image? is displayed, select Yes. F Select the zoom factor from the zoom setting screen. G When the message Save this image as the User's Logo? is displayed, select Yes.
Projection Distances (EB-W8/W7) A Projection distance B Distance from the center of the lens to the base of the screen (or to the top of the screen, if suspended from a ceiling) C Center of lens Units.
16:10 S c reen size A B Mi nimu m (Wi de) to Ma x imu m (T ele) 320" 690x430 907 - 1089 62 Projection Distances (EB-X8/X7) A Projection distance B Distance from the center of the lens to the base.
Projection Distances (EB-S8/S7) A Projection distance B Distance from the center of the lens to the base of the screen (or to the top of the screen, if suspended from a ceiling) C Center of lens Units.
Connecting to an External Monitor (EB-W7/X7/S7 only) You can display computer images in put fr om Computer Input Port on an external monitor connected to the projector and the screen at the same time. This means that you can check projecte d images on an external monitor when giving presen tations even if you cannot see th e s c r e e n .
Connecting to External Speakers (EB-S8/W7/X7/ S7 only) You can connect speakers with built- in amplifiers to th e projector's Audio Out port to enjoy a fuller qu ality of sound. Connect with a commercially available audio cable (such as pin plug W 3.
You can monitor and control the pr ojector from a computer, via USB. This is done by connecting the projector and the computer with a USB cable, and entering communication commands (ESC/VP21 commands). Before You Begin To monitor and control the projec tor with ES C/VP21 comm ands, th e following prepar ations must be carri ed out.
Supported Monitor Displays (EB-W8/W7) Computer signals (analog RGB) Units: dots Sign al Re fre sh Rate (Hz) Res o lu t io n Aspec t Mode No rmal 16:9 Fu ll Z oo m Nati ve VGAEGA 85 640x350 1280x700 12.
Sign al Re fre sh Rate (Hz) Res o lu t io n Aspec t Mode No rmal 16:9 Fu ll Z oo m Nati ve MAC21” 75 1152x870 1059x800 1280x720 1280x800 1280x800 1152x800 * 1 Connection is disabled if the equipment doe s not have a VGA output port. * 2 Letterbox signal * 3 Only comp atible when Wide is selected as the Resolution from the Configuration Menu.
Input signal from the HDMI in put por t (EB-W8 o nly) Units: dots Sign al Re fre sh Rate (Hz) Res o lu t io n Aspec t Mode 16 :9 F ull Zoom Nati v e VGA 60 640x480/640x360 * 1280x720 1280x800 1280x800.
Supported Monitor Displays (EB-X8/X7) Computer signals (analog RGB) Units: dots Sign al Re fre sh Rate (Hz) Res o lu t io n Aspec t Mode Nor mal 4: 3 16 :9 VGAEGA 85 640x350 1024x560 1024x768 1024x576.
Component video Units: dots Sign al Re fre sh Rate (Hz) Res o lu t io n Aspec t Mode 4:3 16: 9 SDTV(480i) 60 720x480/720x360 * 1024x768 1024x576 SDTV(576i) 50 720x576/720x432 * 1024x768 1024x576 SDTV(.
Sign al Re fre sh Rate (Hz) Res o lu t io n Aspec t Mode 4:3 16: 9 SXGA 60 1280x960 1024x768 1024x576 60 1280x1024 1024x768 1024x576 SXGA+ 60 1400x1050 1024x768 1024x576 SDTV(480i) 60 720x480/720x360 .
Sign al Re fre sh Rate (Hz) Res o lu t io n Aspec t Mode Nor mal 4: 3 16 :9 WXGA+ 60 1440x900 800x500 800x600 800x450 SXGA 70/75 1152x864 800x600 800x600 800x450 60 1280x1024 750x600 800x600 800x450 6.
Composite video/S-video Units: dots Sign al Re fre sh Rate (Hz) Res o lu t io n Aspec t Mode 4:3 16: 9 TV(NTSC) 60 720x480/720x360 * 800x600 800x450 TV(PAL,SECAM) 50 720x576/720x432 * 800x600 800x450 .
Projector General Specifications Prod uc t nam e EB-W8 EB-X8 EB-S8 EB-W7 EB-X7 EB-S7 Dimens ions 295 (W) ^ 77 (H) ^ 228 (D) mm Pane l size 0.59" Wide 0.
Prod uc t nam e EB-W8 EB-X8 EB-S8 EB-W7 EB-X7 EB-S7 Connec - tors Com pu t er In p ut Port 1 Mini D-Sub15-pin (female) blue Vi d e o i n p u t port 1 RCA pin jac k S- V id eo input por t 1 Mini DIN 4-.
DECLARATION of CONFORMITY According to 47CFR, Part 2 and 15 Class B Personal Computers and Peripherals; and/or CPU Boards and Power Supplies used with Class B Personal Computers We: Epson America, Inc.
EB-W8/X8/S8 EB-W7/X7/S7 A Center of lens B Distance from center of lens to suspension bracket fixing point Units: mm Appearance 99.
This section explains easily terms that are used with the proj ector and difficult terms that are not explained in the text of t his guide. For details, refer to other commercially av ailable publications. Aspe c t R atio (As pec t R a tio) The ratio between an image's length and its height.
S- V id eo A Video signal which has the luminanc e component and color component separa ted to provide better image quality. Refers to images that consist of two independent signals: Y (luminance signal) and C (color signal).
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stor ed in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any fo rm or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, wit hout the prior written permission of Seiko Epson Corporation.
A A/V Mute ...................... ................................ 25 Air exhaust vent ........... .................... .............. 9 Air filter replacement pe rio d ..................... 77 Air intake vent .......... ........................ .....
Pointer ...................... ....................... .............. 32 Pointer Shape ...... ................. .............. .......... 52 Position ....................... ........................ .......... 50 Power Consu mptio n ........... ......
Un point important après l'achat de l'appareil (ou même avant l'achat) est de lire le manuel d'utilisation. Nous devons le faire pour quelques raisons simples:
Si vous n'avez pas encore acheté Epson EB-W7 c'est un bon moment pour vous familiariser avec les données de base sur le produit. Consulter d'abord les pages initiales du manuel d'utilisation, que vous trouverez ci-dessus. Vous devriez y trouver les données techniques les plus importants du Epson EB-W7 - de cette manière, vous pouvez vérifier si l'équipement répond à vos besoins. Explorant les pages suivantes du manuel d'utilisation Epson EB-W7, vous apprendrez toutes les caractéristiques du produit et des informations sur son fonctionnement. Les informations sur le Epson EB-W7 va certainement vous aider à prendre une décision concernant l'achat.
Dans une situation où vous avez déjà le Epson EB-W7, mais vous avez pas encore lu le manuel d'utilisation, vous devez le faire pour les raisons décrites ci-dessus,. Vous saurez alors si vous avez correctement utilisé les fonctions disponibles, et si vous avez commis des erreurs qui peuvent réduire la durée de vie du Epson EB-W7.
Cependant, l'un des rôles les plus importants pour l'utilisateur joués par les manuels d'utilisateur est d'aider à résoudre les problèmes concernant le Epson EB-W7. Presque toujours, vous y trouverez Troubleshooting, soit les pannes et les défaillances les plus fréquentes de l'apparei Epson EB-W7 ainsi que les instructions sur la façon de les résoudre. Même si vous ne parvenez pas à résoudre le problème, le manuel d‘utilisation va vous montrer le chemin d'une nouvelle procédure – le contact avec le centre de service à la clientèle ou le service le plus proche.
